What is modern Asian-African literature?

Modern Asian-African literature refers to the literature of Asian and African countries since the Russian October Revolution 19 17. However, due to unbalanced development, some countries and regions did not complete the transition from modern literature to modern literature until the 1920s.

The 20th century is a century in which turbulence and development coexist, and destruction and construction coexist. Under such a big historical background, the literary development of Asian and African countries is complicated.

19 At the end of the 20th century, world capitalism entered the stage of imperialism. In order to support the war, imperialism stepped up the development and plunder of colonial and semi-colonial resources, which made the national capitalism of some Asian and African countries develop to a certain extent. As an independent political force, the proletariat in many countries began to step onto the historical stage, and its strength for national independence and liberation continued to grow. The victory of the October Revolution in Russia opened a new era in human history and greatly inspired the people of Asian and African countries in their struggle for complete liberation.

During the anti-fascist World War II, people in Asian and African countries were further awakened. The victory of the Great War opened up a broad road for him to strive for national liberation and overthrow colonial rule. In Asia, Indonesia, Viet Nam, India, Pakistan, North Korea, South Korea, China, etc. Has gained independence and liberation. By the early 1970s, most people in Africa had achieved liberation and independence. In such a new historical period of maintaining political independence and developing national economy, Asian and African countries gave birth to modern Asian and African literature with national revolutionary literature as the mainstream, and gradually expanded it.

Modern Asian-African literature is a new thing in the 20th century, so it is full of vitality. It not only shows the trend of revitalization, but also shows the trend of rapid development and going global in the second half of the 20th century. Of course, compared with the contemporary European and American modern literature, the achievements of Asian and African modern literature in some aspects are not obvious enough. However, it is undeniable that many outstanding writers and works with world influence have emerged in Asian and African literary circles. Throughout the development of Asian and African modern literature in the 20th century, we can sum up the following characteristics:

First, oppose feudalism at home and imperialism and colonialism abroad.

Most countries in Asia and Africa have been oppressed by feudalism for a long time, and in modern times they have successively become imperialist colonies or semi-colonies, suffering from national oppression and economic exploitation. The turbulent life of the First World War, especially the Second World War, made many countries in Asia and Africa go through hardships in the process of striving for national independence and national liberation. All these provide rich creative materials for the national literature of various countries, making them consciously or unconsciously express the theme of the profound contradiction between the oppressed peoples in Asia and Africa and imperialism, colonialism and feudalism, reflecting the struggle life of the people in Asia and Africa and expressing their urgent desire for independence, freedom and democracy.

Second, it is rooted in profound national traditions and has a broad mass base.

Almost all the national literature in modern Asian and African countries was conceived, grown, blossomed and borne fruit in the soil of ancient literary tradition. Any influential national writer is almost the inheritor of unique national characteristics and the pioneer of national new literature. Many great writers who appeared in Asian and African countries during this period were first patriots with strong national feelings. They originated from the creation of national traditions, national life and national feelings, making them strong fighters against imperialism and feudalism. Among them, the representatives are Indian prim Chand and Egyptian Taha Hussain.

Prim Changde has been fighting for the independence of the country and the nation all his life. He emphasized that "the revival of literature is the revival of the nation". As one of the founders of modern Indian literature, his works are welcomed by the broad masses of the people and enjoy a high reputation in the world. Taha husayn is one of the famous writers and thinkers in modern Egypt and Arabia. Throughout his life, he did not follow the fashion, was not kitsch, refused to bow to feudal dignitaries and traditional forces, and opposed the total denial of ancient Arab cultural heritage. He is an active pursuer and explorer who pushes national literature to the world.

Thirdly, due to the increasingly balanced development, the gradual recognition of content and the convergence of styles.

Throughout the development of Asian and African modern literature, although there are differences in order and speed, they have gradually gone hand in hand and made remarkable achievements. Modern literature in countries such as China, Japanese, Indian and Egyptian developed faster, earlier and more colorful than its neighboring countries or regions. In addition, modern literature in East Asia, Southeast Asia and South Asia developed earlier, while that in West Asia and North Africa developed later, even later in Black Africa. However, in the second half of the 20th century, the literary development of Asian countries gradually became balanced from the original imbalance.

Although the themes of modern Asian and African literature were different at first, they all came together in meeting the requirements of the development of the times, conforming to the general trend of historical progress and expressing people's wishes and emotions. It is precisely because of the standpoint of the broad masses of people that modern Asian-African literature profoundly reflects real life and has a positive style. It shows the truth and becomes a powerful tool for Asian-African people to fight against various evil forces. At this point, people in Asia and Africa have consciously acquired * * * knowledge.

The last intersection is the genre of modern Asian-African literature. As far as tradition is concerned, primitive folk stories, story books, poetic dramas, stories combined with scattered rhymes, novels with chapters and chapters, and rhythmic poems, which were once popular in various countries, are facing severe challenges in modern times. Due to the influence of modern consciousness and modern scientific thought, people in Asian and African countries invariably introduce western modern novels, modern dramas and modern poems into their own countries to show their national spirit. Today, no matter how different language skills and expressions are, the literary styles used in Asian and African countries are basically the same, which is quite different from the tradition.

Fourthly, modern Asian and African writers are educated by both traditional culture and western culture, so their works show integration.

These writers have lived in the fertile soil of national traditional culture for a long time, are familiar with national literature and love the content and form of national literature. However, they all grew up after consciously or unconsciously accepting western cultural education. Therefore, from their works, it is easy to find the fact that they use western literary viewpoints, literary theories, literary forms and creative techniques to express their own national literary content. It is this integration that opens a new chapter in national literature. Many writers in Asia and Africa started their literary career by directly translating western works, and some writers accepted their creative enlightenment through translated works. Whether starting literary creation by rewriting, transplanting, imitating and translating western works, or reflecting the national social reality with western literary expressions, this integration has undoubtedly played and will continue to play a great role in promoting the literary development of these countries.

The above characteristics of Asian and African modern literature are investigated in the world literature system.

Since the 1960s, six Asian-African writers have won the Nobel Prize in Literature successively, which fully shows that modern Asian-African writers have made their mark in the world literary world and been recognized by the world. Of course, it is not only these Asian and African writers who have reached the highest level of modern world literature, but also many excellent writers. We firmly believe that the future of Asian and African literature will be more brilliant.