What are the customs in Chaoshan?

Chaoshan people have five customs: She, Hakka and Tujia (these three customs were before the Ming Dynasty).

Putian customs (Ming immigrants, Zhu Yuanzhang called Hongwu immigrants, Judy moved in Yongle)

Minnan customs (speaking Chaozhou dialect, Fujian Minnan customs brought by the immigrants of the Ming Dynasty)

Let's just talk about the customs of southern Fujian brought by chaozhou people, a Chaoshan.

■ Fighting custom-one of the customs of Minnan people in Chaozhou. In the Qing Dynasty, Zhang also said: "Fujian and Guangdong (in Minnan-speaking areas such as Chaozhou, Guangdong) still have aggressive customs. They often rely on their ethnic groups, gather thousands of people, hold firearms with leading blades, fight for a fixed period of time, kill each other, or seek revenge and become enemies with the world. Such records and statements are common in local chronicles in coastal areas, and the time span spread to the Republic of China. It can be seen that fighting is very common in coastal areas. In the eyes of people at that time, this bloody struggle seems to have become a habit along the coast. Professional fighters appeared in the late Qing Dynasty. The master of Laoye Temple in Caicun, a suburb of Xiamen, believed in fighting gods, and women took part in fighting.

Lan Dingyuan said in the Examination of Chaozhou Customs: "Anger, urgency, courage and jealousy mean coaxing relatives. As for the sword, it is like revenge. The strong bully the weak, many are violent and widowed, blood relatives worship the alliance, and villages follow suit. Many people kill people by mistake because of generosity, or steal and commit suicide while others are in danger, which is regarded as a strange commodity to live in; I threw myself into the ring to drink zhenniao, and I sank my neck into the river. I used to care. Noble families despise solitary surnames. If children and servants were not as aggressive as Fujian Customs, Zhang Quan would be even worse. Zhao Yi in Qing Dynasty: Zhang Quan had a good custom of worshipping the name and spirit, and "many people live in groups, and the two surnames compete, so they often compete and will be killed." When fighting, Weng Xu and his nephew are inseparable. "

Yongzheng: "I heard that in Zhang Quan, Fujian, the folk customs are heroic, and the Ding Fan family, the eldest clan, often oppresses Hanshan with manpower, and occasionally fights with the hard-working townships because of small corners, leading to major cases. Moreover, the lawsuit was arrested and then fled to resist, and there was no national constitution. The two counties have the same bad habits, and the Pinghe and Nansheng areas they belong to are particularly famous at home and abroad. The unique customs are well known and praised by the world. Small neighbors fight with each other, and big ones even fight across counties. Some clans unite, and some weaker clans simply unite to fight against some powerful clans. People live in poverty. Du Caiyuan's "Duel is not the longest, Xianyou 570 Duel" and Quanzhou's "East-West Buddha Duel"

As far away as Singapore, Fujian and Chaozhou fought.

The Gan family also blamed Minnan people for bringing the custom of fighting to Chaozhou and other places in Guangdong, bringing the fights in Zhuang village, rural areas and Chaozhou in Fujian to Guangdong and disturbing Guangdong. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people from southern Fujian moved to Guangdong on a large scale, which was loved by people in eastern Fujian, but their evil neighbors left.

■ Women's participation in combat custom-Minnan women participate in combat.

■ Professional fighter ~ custom-born in the late Qing Dynasty because of fighting with weapons.

■ Belief in fighting gods-the main god of Laoye Temple in Caicun, a suburb of Xiamen,

■ Tulou Zhuangzhai-After the ancient Minnan people came to Chaozhou, there was a fight in Zhuangzhai. Tulou originated in Zhangzhou, and its origin is related to the war in southern Fujian. Hakka people also follow the example of architecture and learn from it, which is called Dragon House.

■ Chaozhou cuisine-belonging to Fujian cuisine, Chaozhou cuisine is formed by a large number of Cantonese cuisine and Southeast Asian cuisine absorbed by Minnan cuisine.

■ Kung Fu tea-spread from southern Fujian to Chaozhou, Guangdong. One of Chaozhou customs

Dress-urban and rural people pay attention to dressing neatly when they go out to do business and be guests. If you are a new guest or attending a festival, you should wear the most beautiful, timely and best quality clothes. Rural people call it "making leather pants". Before the 1960s, farmers went to the market to do business, mostly barefoot. After the 1980s, more and more people went to the market to do business with shoes and socks. Young men, women and children often wear new clothes when they go out to visit relatives.

In the past, people always took food baskets and baskets with them when they went to the market. Bring flower baskets and rattan baskets from relatives. For example, when traveling, civilians use bags, some use water cloth as bags, and rich people use rattan pods and suitcases. After liberation, people used military backpacks and wallets, women's flower handbags and plastic purses in fashion. After 1980s, all kinds of handbags, backpacks and suitcases became popular.

Transportation-Before liberation, people went out on foot and took long-distance boats. Calculate the distance, take 10 as a store, and generally walk for one hour. Cars are the means of transportation for wealthy families. In towns, there are many car shops for people to use. Officials and nobles sit in sedan chairs for four people. Generally, rich people take two people to carry bamboo sedan chairs, and brides get married in sedan chairs. The sedan chair was abandoned after liberation. There are few ox carts and no horse-drawn carriages in this area. After liberation, the garrison once had a carriage, which was later replaced by a car.