What was the process of Europeans opening up new shipping routes from the 15th to 16th centuries (briefly)?

1. In 1487, Dias led three sailing ships from Portugal and sailed south along the west coast of Africa.

When the fleet was approaching the southwestern tip of Africa, it encountered a storm.

The fleet was blown away from the coast, and the crew fought the storm and unknowingly skirted the African continent and entered the Indian Ocean.

But by this time the crew was exhausted, and Dias had to order a return trip.

On their way back, they discovered a sharp point at the southwest end of Africa, which was later named the Cape of Good Hope by the King of Portugal.

(Portugal-Western Africa-Cape of Good Hope-Indian Ocean) 2. In 1492, Columbus led a fleet of three ships from Spain and began to cross the Atlantic Ocean.

After more than two months and untold hardships, we finally reached Cuba, Haiti and other places in America today.

Columbus believed that Europe and Asia were separated by the Atlantic Ocean, and he always believed that the place he visited was India in Asia, so he called the local residents Indians, which means Indian residents.

(Spain - Atlantic - America) 3. From 1497 to 1498, the Portuguese Vasco da Gama led a fleet to India along the Dias route and gained countless wealth.

(Portugal - West Africa - Cape of Good Hope - Indian Ocean - India) 4. From 1519 to 1522, on the order of the King of Spain, Magellan led a fleet across the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans, returned to Europe, and completed a circumnavigation of the world.