Questions about the Indian navy and air force (the answer must be objective)

1. The Indian Navy purchased 23 Harrier FRS. Mk 1 fighter from Britain and four harrier Mk60 trainers (the Indian model is FRS. Mk5 1 coach), using the Harrier T, recently India plans to buy extra "Harrier" FA2 from the British Navy to replace the old model. Haiyan fighter is an old fighter developed in the 1960s. From the perspective of aircraft equipment and air combat capability, Haiyan FRS. Mk 1 and its export type belong to the second generation fighter of western standards, and FA.2 belongs to the third generation fighter. Although the aircraft type is relatively old, it is the only mature active vertical/short-range take-off and landing fighter in the world because of its unique flight performance, and it has attractive prospects in the navies of small and medium-sized countries. Before the American F35 was widely used, Harrier was still the first choice for some small and medium-sized countries, especially those countries that wanted to own an aircraft carrier but could not maintain a heavy aircraft carrier like the United States.

2. The "gorshkov" has not been put into service, but the modification plan is already in progress, and it is ready to be delivered in August 2008 and put into service in 2009, and the name of the ship has been changed to "Vikramatia" accordingly. It will be equipped with Russian MIG -29K fighter and LCA fighter developed by India, with a total carrying capacity of about 28. As a reliable equipment and mature fighter of the Indian Navy, Haitang is still possible to board the ship, because its adaptability as a carrier aircraft is too strong.

3. The MIG -29 of the Indian Air Force (not equipped by the navy) was delivered by the former Soviet Union in 1986- 1987, including 46 MIG -29A and 4 MIG -29UB. In 1989, 18 MIG -29A and 2 MIG -29UB were sold. The Indian Air Force incorporated the MiG -29 into the 47th, 28th and 23rd squadrons. The Indian Air Force called MiG -29s Buzz fighter, accounting for 80 fighters. However, since the delivery, the accident "tradition" of the Indian Air Force has caused them to crash at least six planes, so there are about 74-76 MiG-29s in India.

The Indian Air Force is equipped with 35 Mirage 2000H/TH aircraft.

1996165438+1On October 30th, India and Russia signed a Su -30MKI procurement contract with a value of1500 million US dollars (I stands for "India"). According to this contract, Russia will provide 40 Su -30 mki to India. At the same time, on February 28, 2000, 65438, the two sides signed a contract to produce 140 Su -30MKI multi-functional fighters, engines and airborne equipment in India, including the earlier Su-30K (upgraded to) delivered before, and India will be able to own 190 Su -30MKI.

A friend upstairs said that a number is 10 Su 30K and 8 Su 30MK(I), which is 1999. In the picture, 10 Su 30K, with machine numbers of SB009 to SB0 18, is actually the second delivery. It was originally sold to Indonesia, but later the order was cancelled. Eight Su 30 Mks are actually Su -27UB with aerial refueling device. Strictly speaking, it is not the Su 30MK model agreed in the contract, and the machine number is SB00 1 to SB008. In 2002, 10 True Su -30MKI was delivered to India and equipped with troops. The former Su -30K (or Su -27UB) can also be modified to the level of MKI. In 2003, 12 aircraft were equipped. In 2004, the first Su-30MKI assembled by India left the factory. According to the production schedule of 140 aircraft completed in 10 in the contract and the situation of equipped troops, India now has about 10+ 12+.

4. There are three types of MIG -29 aircraft of Indian Air Force: MIG 29A, MIG 29UB and MIG 29SD, in which MIG 29A is a standard fighter aircraft, MIG 29UB is a standard two-seat coach aircraft, and MIG 29SD is the number of MIG -29s upgraded from the previously exported MIG-29 standard aircraft; Phantom 2000 has two models, Phantom 2000H and Phantom 2000TH, of which the latter is the two-seat coach model of the former.

5. The performance parameters of LCA developed in India are as follows:

Model: single-seat single-engine all-weather multi-function fighter.

Model: universal; Navy type; Two-seat coach

Geometric dimension: wingspan: 8.2m; length:13.2m; Height: 4.4 meters.

Empty weight of aircraft: 5500kg；; Normal takeoff weight: 8500 kg; Maximum external weight: 4000 kg.

Maximum flight speed: Mach 65438 +0.7. Maximum voyage: unknown.

Weapons and equipment: 23 mm double-barrel gun (220 shells); Seven external launch points can launch air-to-air, air-to-ground, air-to-ship missiles, unguided rockets, anti-tank bombs and conventional bombs. , and external electronic warfare pods, reconnaissance pods and auxiliary fuel tanks.

Regarding the performance evaluation of LCA, aviation historian Han Yazi commented: "As early as 1969, the Aviation Committee suggested that HAL design and develop an advanced technology fighter based on a reliable engine. This proposal is controversial because many people think that India should take a gradual path: first build advanced trainers, and then develop first-line aircraft. Although the Indian Air Force has introduced MIG -23BN and MIG -27 Whippler aircraft according to its Tactical Air Support Aircraft (TASA) plan, HAL conducted aircraft design research according to the requirements of the plan in 1975. Despite losing the opportunity of TASA project, Indian industry is committed to developing a light combat aircraft (LCA) with the goal of replacing the huge MIG -2 1 fleet of Indian Air Force. LCA plan is of great significance to the military, Indian aviation industry and even the technical level of the whole country. The Indian Air Force has the largest number of MIG -2 1 aircraft, and its replacement requires low cost, good performance and strong multi-mission capability. LCA requires high speed, good acceleration, superior mechanical power, decentralized configuration, short takeoff and landing, as well as high-performance avionics and various military equipment. The price of aircraft should be low, and the maintainability and reliability should reach the level of modern aircraft. Although it is not a dedicated battlefield blocker, LCA can act as a fighter-bomber like MIG -2 1. The aircraft should be able to carry an appropriate amount of air-to-ground weapons (4000 kg), Gsh-23 23 mm cannon and 220 shells. Aircraft should also have limited precision weapon guidance capabilities. The value of LCA to industry is beyond doubt. Because the plane will always be a cutting-edge high-tech plane, and various advanced technologies are widely used. The aircraft will have a static and unstable aerodynamic layout, a redundant fly-by-wire control system, advanced avionics based on an open system and a multi-mode radar. According to the performance requirements, the aircraft will use a large number of carbon fiber reinforced materials (accounting for 45% of the total weight of the fuselage) and advanced engines. The production of aircraft such as LCA needs to use modern design and manufacturing technologies, including synchronous computer-aided engineering (including design, analysis, manufacturing and testing) and digital prototype technology. The LCA plan requires all capable Indian companies and organizations to join the research and development work, which will also greatly improve the technical level of these institutions. 60 major industrial companies, 1 1 academic institutions and 33 government R&D institutions have joined the program. Some people think that LCA plan should outsource the secondary system and adopt a mature foreign system scheme instead of starting from scratch. This may make the aircraft more expensive, but it can save development time and concentrate India's strength on the core system, thus reducing delays. "

This passage better explains some ideal situations of this kind of aircraft 17 years, but the fact is that this kind of aircraft can not effectively form combat effectiveness at present.

6. The Indian Navy recently put forward the plan of "145 warships", preparing or equipping 145 new warships, 70% of which are ocean-going warships, which are very attractive. "Except Delhi and Talwad", including the aircraft carrier plan (ins vikramaditya and Blue Sky Guardian), India is actively purchasing "invincible" class aviation after retiring from the UK. The reactor has been successfully developed, but India also hopes to buy Russian Akula-class nuclear submarines, or lease them first, like the previous C-class cruise missile nuclear submarines "chakra" and "Project 75" (cooperating with France to produce Scorpion-class conventional submarines, the first one started in June 5438+February 2006). These three plans are the primary goals of the Indian navy, and in addition, in terms of large surface ships, India has strengthened. The American amphibious dock transport ship Trenton has been introduced and has become the backbone of Indian amphibious forces. There are also Bangalore class destroyers (type 25A, 4 ships), Bramaputra class frigates (type 16A, 3 ships) and aulick class frigates (type 17, which are planned to be built.

7. The existing submarines in India are: 4 German-made 209/ 1500, 8 Russian-made F-class (Foxtrot class), 8 K-class (Kilo class) 877EM, 2 K-class 636, and 1 Amur class delivered by Russia in 2006. At present, the number of equipment is 23. Among them, Class F will be gradually retired.

India is now vigorously promoting the "Project 75" and cooperating with France to produce scorpion-class submarines. The number of submarines to be produced is 12, and finally 24 submarines will be produced. At the same time, India also signed an agreement with Russia to license the production of Amur-class submarines, which will eventually keep the Indian submarine force at the level of 30 to 40.

India is negotiating with Russia to buy or lease 1 to two Akura-class nuclear submarines. The reactor of the nuclear submarine developed by India has been produced, but when it can reach the actual combat level is still unknown.

The answers to questions 8 and 9 have already been said by my friends upstairs, so I won't repeat them one by one.