Beijing Opera Skills: How to Read the Music of Gongchi

Beijing Opera Skills: How to Read the Music of Gongchi

Miyachi notation is a traditional musical notation in China. Before the staff and notation were introduced to China, the Chinese characters "Gong" and "Chi" were used to express the melody in the notation of Kunqu Opera.

Beijing Opera Skills: How to look at Gongchi Spectrum in Gongchi Spectrum? Shang, Chi, Gong, Fan, Liu, Wu and B are equivalent to do, re, mi, Fa, sol, la, si, low octave and high octave, and the writing has changed. The specific list is as follows.

On the spectrum of Gongchi, we must first determine the title of the song. Kunqu Opera has seven titles:

Gonggong key is equivalent to D key in western music;

B key means that the word "B" in minor is "Gong", which corresponds to A key;

The word "fan" in minor is "gong", which corresponds to ■ key;

The word "Shang" in minor is "Gong", which corresponds to ■ key;

The six-character tone takes the word "six" in the minor scale as "Zuo", which corresponds to the F tone;

The "ruler" in the tone of "ruler" is "work", which corresponds to the key C;

The orthodox tune is also called "five-character tune", with the "five" in minor as "Zuo", which corresponds to the G key.

In Kunqu opera, the symbols of the board eye are recorded on the right side of the notation to indicate the rhythm and duration. For example, one board with three eyes is one of the commonly used boards in Kunqu opera, which is equivalent to the "four beats" in notation.

Three eye plates mean that the first beat is the plate, the second beat is the head eye, the third beat is the middle eye, and the fourth beat is the last eye, where ","means the front plate and. “

Represents the middle eye, the head eye and the tail eye are represented by ",".

In Nanqu, there is also the case of adding plates, that is, adding a plate between two plates. It turns out that a board with three eyes is twice as long as eight beats, and it is the slowest board, with the symbol "×" and the symbol "│×".

In addition, there are scattered boards without eyes, fast-paced running boards without eyes, and common boards equivalent to two beats in notation.

The above picture shows the sentence "The bright moon is like a tower" in The West Chamber, which lists the corresponding relationship between the notation of Gongchi and the notation.

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