Personality traits and how to change them

2020-12-25

I.? There are various ways to categorize personality, here are a few:

Temperament types are typical classifications of human temperament. It is best known for the classification made by the ancient Greek physician Hippocrates in the 5th century BC. He believed that there are four fluids in the human body, namely blood, mucus, yellow bile, and black bile. The different proportions of these four liquids in the human body form the four types of temperament, namely polycythemia, cholestasis, mucus, and depression.

Explanation in Dictionary

A more stable psychological trait of personality that is mainly expressed in a person's attitude and behavioral approach to reality. It is the core part of personality, and can best express individual differences. It has a complex structure, which includes:

(1) Characteristics of attitudes toward reality and oneself, such as honesty or hypocrisy, humility or pride.

(2) will characteristics, such as courage or cowardice, decisive or indecisive.

(3) Emotional characteristics, such as enthusiasm or indifference, cheerfulness or depression.

(4) Emotional rationality characteristics. If you have a quick, deep, logical mind or a slow, shallow, illogical mind, etc.

This is a very good idea.

Eysenck proposed a "three-factor model" of personality based on factor analysis. The three factors are:

(1) Extraversion: the difference between internal and external tendencies;

(2) Neuroticism: the difference in emotional stability;

(3) Psychoticism: the negative personality traits of loneliness, coldness, hostility, and weirdness.

The Big Five Theory of Personality (The Big Five)

Tappes reanalyzed Cattell's trait variables using lexicographic methods and found five relatively stable personality factors.

Openness to experience: reflects traits such as imagination, aesthetics, emotional richness, dissimulation, creativity, and intelligence.

Conscientiousness: shows traits such as competence, fairness, organization, diligence, achievement, self-discipline, prudence, and restraint.

Extraversion: shows traits such as enthusiasm, socialization, decisiveness, activity, adventure, optimism.

Conviviality (agreeableness): reflecting traits such as trust, straightforwardness, altruism, attachment, humility, empathy, etc.

Emotional instability (neuroticism): includes anxiety, hostility, repression, self-consciousness, impulsivity, vulnerability, and so on.

The first letters of these five traits form the word "OCEAN", which represents the ocean of personality. McCray and Costa developed the Big Five Personality Factor Inventory. This is one of the most widely used personality scales.

1. A-B personality

Foleyman and Rothman described the A-B personality type, which is often used when studying the relationship between personality and work stress.

Type A personality: impatient and impatient. High desire for achievement, strong motivation, a spirit of hard work, work commitment, a sense of time urgency and sense of competition, agile, fast talking, life is in a state of tension. Poor social adaptability, belongs to a restless personality.

Type B personality: gentle temperament, steady demeanor, strong sense of satisfaction with work and life, preferring a slow-paced life, and can handle jobs that require patience and careful thinking.

2. Jung's Theory of Introverted-Extroverted Personality Types

Jung, a famous Swiss personality psychologist, was the first to put forward the theory of introverted-extroverted personality types based on the division of psychological tendencies into personality types.

Introversion: directs interests and concerns toward the subject.

Extraversion: directs interests and concerns toward external objects.

Characteristics of the introverted personality: self-analyzing, cautious, thoughtful, narrowly focused, and sometimes difficult to adapt.

Characteristics of extroverted personality: focusing on the external world, emotional outwardness, enthusiasm, decision-making, independence, sociability, quickness of action, etc. [3]

Human personality editing

1. openness: describes the willingness to interact with others, focusing on harmonious development;

2. perfection: describes the pursuit of perfection, the degree of emphasis on goal planning;

3. more truthfulness: describes the degree of drilling and perfecting things;

4. cognitive: describes whether or not to attach importance to the accumulation of knowledge, including the intelligence;

5. Achievement: describes the extent to which achievement is emphasized;

6. Power: describes the willingness to dominate and influence others;

7. Romanticism: describes the extent to which romanticism is emphasized;

8. Giving: describes the willingness to give to others, including benevolence, filial piety, justice, etc.

9. Activation: describes the degree of the degree of emotional excitement and activity;

10. physicality: describes the condition of physical features and the degree to which enjoyment is valued;

11. doubtfulness: describes the tendency to inquire into the motives of others;

12. easygoingness: describes the degree of peacefulness, easygoingness, and quietness;

13. traditions: describes the degree to which traditions are held fast;

14. liberality: describes the willingness to give to others, including benevolence, filial piety, justice, etc.

14. Freedom: describes the extent to which freedom is valued;

15. Wisdom: describes the ability to create, the degree of wisdom;

16. Imagination: describes the extent to which imagination is valued and the pursuit of the best.

17. multifaceted: describes the degree of complexity of character;

18. changeable: describes the degree of resourcefulness;

From: Baidu Encyclopedia

II. How to change.

1. Don't like to think (stupid)

Think a lot, observe things, look for patterns and ****iness, and summarize the experience for the next time similar problems.

2. Speak without thinking

I'd rather reply late than say the right thing, the right thing. This is a good way to train your skills and speed of speech.

3. No sense of time (procrastination)

Strong planning, constantly setting goals for themselves, and never wasting any time.

4. No ability to persuade, easy to compromise, do not maintain self-interest, always be pitched (stupid)

More logical and clear three-point method of expression, the exchange of their own first use of the dialectical method to argue once, no logical loopholes, and then go to persuade others.

5. I don't know how to reject, no opinion (weak)

First self-identification point of view three times, think there is no problem, boldly speak out their own point of view. Everything more to say, I think, I think, I want, I do not want, reject. Say more, can I? Good or bad? Please! Bring out the desire to conquer.

6. not interesting, not humor, slow reaction (frozen)

Watch more variety shows, oddballs, spitting assembly, more with people to talk to, observe other people's words and techniques of speech, and learn to apply them. It's normal to not be able to pick up the conversation at first, but slowly pick up a few more sentences and you'll gradually master the rhythm of communication.

7. goat, do something stupid, embarrassment (two)

Everything to pay attention to the image, I do what I do is right, but can not not pay attention to the image, I think I am so this is so. Must be tough, competent behavior, speak in the air, eyes firmly to the eyes, giving people a super strong invisible aura. It's okay to maintain a literary temperament (dress up), but with a sense of independence. And careful, everything more heart. The time to be face to face to some face, in out of their own are feeling ashamed of the situation, low-level mistakes absolutely do not allow themselves to make.

8. Sensitive, unconfident (emotional)

Too much care about other people's bad words about oneself means not strong enough inside. Appear very stupid, others say a few words to make themselves shaken to the ground. For familiar people, too much accommodation. Need to rather I lose the world than let the world lose me. Don't be afraid that if you offend the person, you will put on shoes. You are afraid of offending her, she is also afraid of offending you. If you have the strength, naturally someone will kneel. Life passer-by said words need not pay too much attention to, your life's shortcomings and character need to be reversed and grasped by yourself. If you don't believe me, her life is also a mess. You can take her as jealous. Close friends say hearable things, but they see you shine and don't think your problems are problems. The average interlocutor, what they say is half-listenable, objective but also very unfair to you. Because they forget your good points. So the table too much care, but the shortcomings are bound to change, late change is better than early change, or deal with a lot of things will be very passive.

9. Fear of making decisions, fear of taking responsibility, repeated, tangled (chaotic)

Every day from the small tangled to the big tangled, tangled, but also to say things to others. The reason for this is the fact that the people who have been in the market for a long time have been able to make their own decisions, and they have been able to make their own decisions for a long time. In fact, it is another manifestation of the fear of responsibility. Try to be bold, after analyzing all, make a most painful decision, and then stand out in time when things go wrong. Definitely do not shirk the responsibility to avoid taking the blame because of their own errors in judgment, but the pot came to be brave to bear.

10. hand in hand, panic, fuss (nervous, weak)

When things are chaotic, the first is not a good estimate of the risk in advance, did not think of a good way to deal with it. I've never seen a big storm, inexperience is also a little reason, more see more feel it. I'm not sure if you're going to be able to do that, but I'm sure you're going to be able to do it, and I'm sure you'll be able to do it.

11. Poor concentration, irritability and moodiness

The heart is not quiet enough, and is restless. Fragmentation of the work mode to change, to continue to invest in a thing, and to do without distractions. Work not a moment, sneak a look at WeChat, check the message so will be finished. Learn to emotion management, any time to peace, heart like water. Office is not to show the true nature of the place, can only be a place to express their views.

From: /question/20018361/answer/878983179?Hu Shuyu

? How to change the character? - 知乎 (zhihu.com)