The position and function of TV series in international film and television communication

TV plays are the most popular TV programs. In all kinds of TV programs, the ratings and ratings share are the highest, and they are all scheduled to be broadcast in prime time, which brings rich advertising revenue and pay-per-view income. In 20 15, TV plays accounted for 35% of the top ten programs in the world, which was 3 percentage points higher than that in 20 14. [1] Excellent TV plays are welcomed not only by domestic audiences, but also by foreign audiences of different cultures, and become an important program form of international film and television communication. All major film and television countries in the world regard TV plays as important film and television export products, and sell their TV plays to all countries in the world, which not only earns a lot of money, but also successfully spreads their own culture and improves their influence.

First, TV series is the most important program form of film and television international communication.

On the one hand, TV plays often have long episodes, which can be played for a long time and form lasting attraction and influence on the audience.

On the other hand, TV programs, as a kind of virtual programs, have various styles, especially excellent TV dramas, which are well-made, artistically and ideologically. They can attract audiences with different interests, different cultural backgrounds, different genders and ages, different countries and regions, and often have very strong international communication power and are sold all over the world.

(1) Television plays an important role in film and television export.

Compared with movies, TV plays are more suitable for watching at home on the one hand, and closer to the daily life of the audience on the other hand, especially for their low price and convenient viewing. They tend to go to the international market more easily than movies, become global best-selling products, and occupy an important share in the export of various film and television products.

Korean dramas, for example, have sprung up in recent ten years and spread widely around the world, becoming the main form of Korean TV program output. 200 1, the export of Korean dramas was 8 million dollars, 20 1 1, reaching 65438+55 million dollars, an increase of 17 times. From 2009 to 20 14, the export volume of Korean dramas in these six years was mostly in the radio and television industry. In 2009, the export of TV dramas accounted for 92.6% of the export of TV programs, and it was 73.8% in 20 14 (see table 1). In 20 14, the total export of Korean terrestrial TV stations and content providers' radio and TV programs reached 256 million US dollars, of which the export of TV dramas was 65438+89 million US dollars, which was 20 1 1 growth 19.62%. [2]

Table 1 2009 Korean TV drama export -20 14

Total export volume of 2010 2012 2013 2014 in 2009 (1000 USD)104,246127,078. 941179 719 239 473 256 276 TV drama export (1000 USD) 96 484117 345154 66544. 50 1 2 1 1, 540 189, 135 TV plays accounted for (%) 92.692.391.589.988.373.

Source: 20 13-20 15 White Paper on Radio and Video Industry released by Korea Cultural Industry Promotion Agency.

Judging from the situation in China, TV series is also the most important export program form. Judging from the types of TV programs imported from different countries and regions in China, most of them are imported TV dramas (mainly imported cartoons in the United States and mainly imported documentaries in Africa). The proportion of TV dramas imported from Europe to China is over 90%, and the proportion of TV dramas imported from other countries and regions to China is much higher than that of animation and documentaries (see figure 1).

Figure 1 20 14 Sales of TV programs from different countries and regions in China Unit: 10,000 yuan.

(2) The imported TV dramas have maintained high ratings in all countries.

In addition to the high artistic level and appreciation of the program itself, the cultural characteristics of various countries and the interest habits of the audience are also important factors affecting the ratings of imported TV dramas. Generally speaking, the ratings of high-quality TV dramas are relatively high, which is also an important reason why TV stations in various countries introduce foreign TV dramas and broadcast them in prime time.

American TV plays are very popular in Germany, and the ratings remain high. From July, 20 14 to July, 20 15, the top 10 TV series with the highest ratings of eight German TV stations were only two domestic TV series, and the rest were all American TV series, among which the top six, eight and ten were American TV series.

American TV series is also the favorite TV series of French audience, and it is a foreign TV series introduced by French TV stations. In 20 15, French TV 1 broadcasted many American dramas. Among them, the legendary drama Super Detective, which has been the champion of French TV series for many years in a row, has maintained good ratings, and Criminal Psychology, which has maintained stable ratings and high ratings for many years, continues to maintain the position of 100 before the annual ratings. TV 6, a subsidiary of French M6 Group, is a super broadcaster of American TV series. In 20 15, the Naval Crime Investigation Bureau and its derivative dramas, Naval Crime Investigation Bureau: Los Angeles and Naval Crime Investigation Bureau: New Orleans, were released one after another, with more than 3 million viewers. In the second season, the English drama "Mysterious Clouds in a Small Town" introduced by France TV 2, the average audience rating was as high as 19. 1%, with 4.9 million viewers. In 20 14, the first season of the drama introduced by this station entered the audience rating of French TV series 100. In view of the high ratings of the drama, French TV 2 also launched a TV series "Maratrat Commune" adapted from the script, with more than 3.5 million viewers. [3]

The British drama coronation street has become the highest-rated soap opera in Canada.

Spanish TV 6 and TV 4 mainly broadcast overseas dramas, with ratings of 7.4% and 7.2% respectively. The TV series imported from Spain are mainly American TV series, such as The Walking Dead, Detective and Game of Thrones, which are popular all over the world. TV 4 introduced the well-received British drama Black Mirror and the Argentine TV series Blind Date.

English dramas are also very popular. The third season of Downton Abbey was broadcast on American PBS, with an average audience rating of 7.7%, with an average audience of11.50,000 per episode. The last episode of the third season got the best rating of 8. 1%, which was watched by more than1230,000 viewers, higher than all the dramas broadcast by American public television network and cable television network that night, and it was the highest-rated TV series in PBS history. [4] The ninth episode of the fifth season of the drama only gained nearly 20 million total views in China Youku.

Downton abbey stills

The third season of the British drama Sherlock has reached 89.73 million viewers on China video website Youku, which is one of the most watched dramas in the history of the Internet. Korean dramas have always maintained high ratings in the Asian market. For example, in 2004, "Full House of Romance" was broadcast in Thailand, and the audience rating was as high as 64%. 20 14 Thai version of "full house of romance" was a great success.

(C) TV producers actively explore the international market.

The United States is the third largest producer of TV series in the world, with an annual output of about 2,500 episodes. Due to the long-term industrial development, the quality of its TV series is very high, and it has strong competitiveness in the global TV series market. Sold to more than 0/00 countries and regions around the world, and almost monopolized in some European countries. In Germany, American TV plays account for more than 90% of the broadcast share. In 20 12, dozens of American dramas were broadcast in France, among which more than 30 American dramas had an audience of more than 1 10,000, and "Super Detective" also became the champion of French TV dramas in that year. South Korea is also a big country that introduced American TV series. 20 1 1 year, Korea imported 122 TV series from the United States. Italian and Russian local TV dramas have high ratings, but the proportion of imported American TV dramas has increased year by year; Russia has taken American drama as the first choice to introduce overseas dramas.

South Korea's TV drama industry has made rapid progress in recent years, ranking first in international influence, especially in Asia, and exporting 50,000-60,000 episodes of TV dramas every year. According to the survey report of the broadcasting industry in 20 15 released by the Korea Broadcasting and Communication Commission, Korean broadcasting channel 20 14 * * exported 64,529 episodes of TV dramas, with an export value of $654.38+56 million (while only 89 episodes of imported TV dramas were worth $68 100). The main export market of Korean TV dramas is still dominated by Asia. (See Table 2) [5]

Table 2 Import and export of Korean dramas in some Asian countries in 2065438+04

Export value of export sets (sets) (1000 USD) Import value of import sets (sets) (1000 USD) Japanese 78 1 87420 737 972 Chinese mainland 54891049137439. Po 675 6 19 0 Vietnam 1274 167 1 0 Thailand 89 1 2368 0 Myanmar 954 353 0 British TV series are also very popular in the international market. ITV dramas such as Mr. Selma Foric, Detective Poirot, Detective Ma Puer and Detective Lewis are sold in more than 50 countries and regions around the world. The United States is the largest market for British TV programs. British TV programs account for more than 40% of the TV programs imported from the United States, with sales of nearly 500 million pounds.

Egypt and Turkey in the Middle East are big producers and exporters of TV dramas, and their dramas have great influence in the Middle East. In 20 12, the output of Egyptian TV dramas reached more than 70, which were exported to almost all Arab countries and to Asian countries such as Indonesia and Malaysia. In recent years, Turkey has exported about 50 TV dramas to the Arab region, with an average of 120 episodes each. Indian TV dramas are mainly exported to South Asia, Afghanistan and Southeast Asian countries, followed by the United States, Britain and Australia. Russian TV drama industry has developed rapidly in recent years, and many excellent TV dramas have been exported to all countries in the world. For example, the costume love TV series "Love in Petersburg" was produced and broadcast in more than 20 countries including Israel, Serbia, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Greece and Bulgaria.

Second, the introduction of China TV series

TV series has always been the most popular form of TV programs in China. In 20 14, the contribution rate of TV dramas to ratings was 30.9%, and in 20 15, the contribution rate to Shangxing Channel was 62.9%. In the same year, the contribution rate of TV drama advertising revenue to China TV advertising revenue was 35. 17%, and the scale of online TV drama advertising accounted for 55% of the total online video advertising.

Excellent imported dramas have always played an important role in China TV drama industry, which not only brought high ratings and advertising revenue, promoted the development of domestic TV dramas, but also profoundly affected the cultural life of China audiences. The dramas imported from China cover dozens of countries and regions such as Asia, Europe and the United States, but they are mainly Asian dramas represented by Japan and South Korea, European and American dramas represented by Britain and the United States, and Hong Kong and Taiwan dramas.

(1) The overall scale continued to expand.

The audience of China TV series is huge, rich and diverse, and TV series from different countries can meet the viewing needs of audiences with different interests. 1977165438+10. In October, CCTV (then Beijing TV Station) introduced the Yugoslav TV series "Skillfully Entering Behind the Enemy", which opened the curtain for China to introduce foreign TV series. In the 1980s and 1990s, the scale of dramas imported from China was not large. Take CCTV as an example. In 1980s, CCTV introduced 55 foreign TV dramas, with no more than 10 per year. In the 1990s, the number of foreign TV dramas introduced by CCTV increased greatly. In 10, * * * introduced 133 foreign TV dramas. [6]

In 20 15, local TV stations introduced 24 TV movies1486 episodes and 58 TV dramas 1062 episodes. In 20 14, 334 episodes of 62 TV movies and 890 episodes of 53 TV series were introduced14; In 20 13, 54 TV dramas 1073 episodes and 78 TV movies 158 episodes were introduced (see table 3). The overseas theater column of CCTV's eighth TV drama channel broadcasts more than 10 TV dramas with about 300 episodes from Britain, America, Spain, Italy, Germany, Thailand, Canada and other countries. In 20 13, 596 episodes of 20 overseas TV dramas were broadcast; In 20 14, 675 episodes of 29 overseas TV dramas were broadcast [7].

Table 3 2065 438+03-2065 438+05 Brief Introduction of China Film and Television Plays

During this period, China International Television Corporation and local TV stations introduced TV dramas, China Film Group and local TV stations introduced TV movies, and CCTV introduced TV dramas.

Part set, part set, part set

20 13 54 1073 78 158 20 596 20 14 53 890 162 334 29 675 20 15 58 1062 24 1 486.

Data source: TV drama data imported by CCTV comes from relevant websites, and other data comes from the International Department of the General Administration.

In recent years, video websites have risen rapidly, attracting users by introducing dramas. In 20 13, the copyright expenditure of China streaming video websites on overseas TV dramas was nearly 4.2 billion yuan, up by 3 1.2% year-on-year, which was four times as much as that of 300 million yuan in 2007. [8]

By the end of March 20 16, Youku had 7 overseas TV series, including American TV series 1200, Hong Kong TV series 65438, Japanese TV series 65438, British TV series 500, taiwanese drama TV series 876, Thailand TV series 600 and Singapore TV series 33/kloc-.

Tencent Video * * * 2260 overseas TV dramas, including 859 American TV dramas, 382 British TV dramas, 264 Taiwanese TV dramas 109, and 626 TV dramas imported from other countries.

On the platform of iQiyi, there are 23 American dramas with 28 1 episodes, 49 Korean dramas with 28 1 174 episodes and 24 Japanese dramas with 300 episodes.

Sohu Video and some Internet TV platforms have also introduced a large number of overseas TV dramas.

(2) Korean dramas are the main imported dramas.

Judging from the countries that introduced drama, the introduction of drama in China has obvious stages.

First, American drama is the main stage. 1980, CCTV introduced American dramas such as Atlantic Man and Garrison Death Squad, which were warmly welcomed by China audiences.

The second is the stage of Japanese drama. Blood Suspicion, Volleyball Girl and 297 episodes of A Xin created extremely high ratings on the screen, and the ratings of A Xin reached 80%.

The third is the stage of Hong Kong and Taiwan dramas. In the 1980s, Hong Kong dramas such as Huo Yuanjia and The Legend of the Condor Heroes triggered a climax in Chinese mainland. In the 1990s, the "typhoon" represented by Qiong Yao's drama swept across the mainland, attracting a large number of young audiences.

The fourth is the stage of Korean drama. 1997 CCTV TV channel broadcast the Korean drama "What is Love", which set off a Korean drama craze. Since then, Korean dramas such as Love in a Star Dream, True Love, Foreign Girlfriend, Love in the Wind, Love in a Song, Mr Cute, Project Runway and Love in a Wonderful Hand have been broadcast in China. In 2002, 67 Korean dramas were broadcast nationwide. Among them, "Blue Life and Death Field" was broadcast on mainland 2 1 channel. From 2003 to 2005, CCTV TV series channels successively introduced and broadcasted Korean dramas such as Watch and Watch, The Man in the Master's Bathroom, Miss Mermaid, Huang Shoupa and Empress Ming Cheng. Although it was broadcast after 22 pm, the ratings were high. Among them, Watch and Watch, which lasted for 156 episodes, became the ratings champion of Korean dramas broadcast by CCTV-8 in 2004. The audience rating of the third episode of the drama reached 1.27%, and the audience rating of the fourth episode rose to 1.62%, with more subsequent reunions. You from the Stars and Descendants of the Sun set off a new climax, among which Descendants of the Sun received more than 654.38 billion hits in China.

In recent years, Thai drama has become popular in China. Before 20 10, the number of Thai dramas imported from China was far less than that of Korean dramas. However, with the popularity of Thai dramas by domestic audiences, the number of imported Thai dramas has greatly increased. 20 1 12 and 20 12, the number of imported Thai dramas exceeded that of Korean dramas, from 20 10 to 2065438+. [9] anhui tv has the largest number of Thai dramas, and the TOP 10 ratings of Thai dramas exceed the average prime-time ratings of 20 12 in anhui tv.

Figure 2 The introduction of Korean and Thai dramas into China from 2007 to 2065438+05.

With the development of video websites, domestic imported dramas have formed a new pattern. Korean drama, English drama and American drama are the most important imported dramas. Since 20 10, domestic video websites have set off a wave of buying genuine American TV dramas. Before 2009, 79 American TV dramas, 20 10 22, 2010/37 and 20 12 45 were imported. As of June 1, 20 13, * * six domestic video websites have introduced the copyright of American TV series, * * 197 American TV series has opened American TV channels, including 90 Sohu videos, 59 potato videos, 56 Youku videos, 54 Tencent videos and 5 Iqiyi videos. [ 10]

Table 4 The TV dramas of China video websites introduced by major American TV stations.

American TV stations introduced episodes ABC 47, Desperate Housewives, Modern Family, Lost, CBS 36, Proud Wife, The Big Bang Theory, NBC 21,Friends, Hero and Fox/KL. 25 The Vampire Diary, Gossip Girl Entertainment Time Network (SHOUTIME) 22 Single Poison Mom, Shameless House, American classic movie Cable TV 15 The Walking Dead HBO 1 True Blood Game of Thrones American TV Network (USA) 2 Detective The situation of TV drama export in China.

Restricted by the late industrialization of TV series, China TV series started late, and its export scale, region and overall influence are relatively small. In recent years, due to the improvement of industrialization, the level of TV drama production has been continuously improved, and the international marketing ability has also been improved. In particular, the government has also increased its support for going abroad. The scale of domestic TV dramas going abroad has been expanding, and their international influence has been gradually improved.

(1) export scale

As the world's largest producer of TV dramas, China has attracted more and more attention in the international market, with more and more exquisite TV productions and greatly improved quality. The number of TV dramas exported from China also shows a significant upward trend.

In 20 15, nearly 300 TV dramas (including TV movies) with 8000 episodes were exported, accounting for about half of the total TV program export in the whole year, which was higher than that of 200 TV dramas (including TV movies) with 7000 episodes exported in 20 14, with growth rates of 50% and 14% respectively. In 20 15, the export of national TV dramas (including TV movies) was nearly 80 million dollars, accounting for about 70% of the total export of TV content products in the whole year, which was 33% higher than the export of national TV dramas (including TV movies) of 60 million dollars in 20 14.

On the one hand, the increase of TV drama export volume comes from the increase of export volume, on the other hand, it benefits from the increase of sales price. In recent years, the increase in capital investment in the domestic film and television industry has spawned more excellent masterpieces, which are exquisitely produced and of excellent quality, which is obviously more conducive to the promotion of program sales prices. For example, the overseas sales price of the costume drama Nirvana in Fire reached nearly 60,000 US dollars, which broke the situation of low-priced overseas sales of China TV dramas and effectively promoted the overseas sales of a large number of China film and television programs.

(2) Exporting countries and regions

At present, China TV plays are distributed in more than 0 countries and regions around the world. Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia and China have similar cultures and are the earliest and largest overseas markets for domestic TV dramas. 198 1 year, the 8-episode TV series "The Story of Shrimp Ball" produced by Guangdong TV Station was the first mainland TV series to enter Hong Kong and Southeast Asia. 1992 Desire, which entered Hong Kong, is the first realistic TV series to enter Hong Kong and Southeast Asia. Presented to vtv on 1993. The sales of domestic dramas in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Southeast Asia account for almost two-thirds of the total export share. In 20 14, China's TV dramas accounted for 90.79% of the total export of Asia, while China's TV dramas were the most popular in Hongkong, China and Taiwan Province Province, China, with sales ratios of 25.98% and 35.77% respectively, and the sum of them exceeded 60%. Sales in Japan and South Korea accounted for 6.32% and 3.69% respectively.

In recent years, Africa has become the most potential emerging market of China TV series, and action, love, family ethics and comedy are more popular with African audiences. Europe and the United States have gradually become an important export area of China TV series. From 2065438 to March 2005, the costume drama "The Queen of the Palace" was adapted and produced into six 90-minute English TV movies, which were broadcast on American video websites, becoming the first China TV series broadcast on mainstream media platforms in the United States. On October 2015165438+10, The Legend of Mi Yue was launched in China, but the copyright of the play had been sold overseas before, and all foreign TV channels (including Netflix) that broadcast its sister play The Queen of the Palace bought the copyright of The Legend of Mi Yue. The legendary drama Nirvana in Fire with the style of traditional historical drama was broadcast in the United States, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia and other countries. "Tiger Mom and Cat Dad" will land in 9 countries and regions including the United States and Canada.

(3) Export type

Costume dramas, especially historical dramas and martial arts dramas, are the export types of domestic dramas. From The Journey to the West's early classic works Princess Zhu Huan and The Secret History of Xiaozhuang, etc. For example, Japanese historical dramas such as Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin and Ming Dynasty have always been favored by China. From 2065438 to February 2004, the costume youth idol drama "The Warrior Lan Ling", starring Chung Shu Kai, Zhou Xiaopeng, William Feng and Ariel Lin, was dubbed in Japanese by Fuji TV in Japan and was well received by the audience. Its hardcover DVD was also deeply loved by Japanese audiences, ranking among the top three in Amazon China TV series. The film entered the TOP 100 of the total list of Japanese TV dramas, creating a miracle of Chinese TV dramas. In recent years, Nirvana in Fire, the Queen of the Palace, has successively landed on Japanese TV stations. According to the remake of "Walking on Thin Ice", the Korean drama "Walking on Thin Ice and Plum" 165438+ staged the finale on SBS TV in South Korea in early October, and the domestic drama IP was successfully exported overseas. At the beginning of 20 15, the domestic TV series "Why Shengxiao Mo" was very popular in South Korea, and MBC, one of the three major TV stations in South Korea, bought the copyright of the play and made it into a Korean version. Then Nirvana in Fire was broadcast on China TV. Some Vietnamese video websites also have a special liking for China's TV series. The Legend of Wu Mei Niang became the champion of video website Zingtv.vn20 15, with over 50 million hits. After TV series such as The Legend of Mi Yue and The Legend of Wu Mei Niang became popular, Vietnamese often imitated and even played the characters in the dramas and filmed micro-movies.

African audiences like China's modern urban dramas very much. In 20 14, The Beautiful Times of Daughter-in-law was exported to Africa, and then TV dramas such as Parents' Love, Let's Get Married, Struggle, Who's in Charge of My Youth and Du Lala's Promotion swept through 46 African countries. Some excellent TV dramas have been widely broadcast in Africa, which has promoted some countries to reach long-term cooperative relations with China. The Arabic versions of "Happy Life of the Golden Wolf" and "Beautiful Times of Daughter-in-law" were broadcast in Egypt, which created high ratings of 2.8 and 3.2 respectively, attracting Egyptian broadcasters to take the initiative to negotiate advertising cooperation with international stations and finally realize advertising revenue. On this basis, international TV stations have also reached cooperation with Egyptian national TV stations. Egypt National Television 2 will launch a fixed column "chinese theater", which will broadcast 6 episodes of China TV series every week, so as to realize the normal broadcast of China TV series in Egypt. The English version of Happy Life of the Golden Wolf was broadcast in Botswana, achieving 80% domestic audience coverage in the country. 2065438+2005 10, Botswana National Television reached a cooperation with international television stations, becoming the first national television station to sign the second phase of "China-Africa Film and Television Cooperation Project" with China.

Although the export situation of domestic TV dramas is good, the overall competitiveness is weak. In 20 14, the annual output of China TV drama industry exceeded150,000 episodes, but the export volume was only10,000 episodes, and the export ratio and price were low. For example, in the Japanese imported drama market, the single episode of American drama is $654.38 +0 million, the Korean drama is $200,000, and the China TV drama is $654.38+0-20,000.

Fourthly, the international communication trend of TV series.

(1) Excellent products with core competitiveness

Excellent production is the fundamental guarantee for the international communication of TV series. In the United States, Britain and Japan, screenwriters and scripts often attach great importance to TV drama creation. The American TV series "24 Hours" was written by 16, directed by 10, and produced by 6 executive producers. English drama production is also rigorous to the point of being almost harsh. Only by polishing the script and shooting it in a craftsman's way can we shoot a masterpiece like Downton Abbey, which is loved by audiences all over the world. When shooting Dahe drama, NHK in Japan will generally gather the best Japanese film and television drama talents and various experts in history and customs to demonstrate and cooperate to make the best production. The guarantee of TV drama quality can not be separated from the investment and support of funds. The average budget of an ordinary American drama is about two or three million dollars (about 654.38+million RMB). The total investment of "Descendants of the Sun" 16 episode is about1300 million won, and some pictures are comparable to movies. The editing level of the English drama Black Mirror is comparable to that of movies, with unconventional and unexpected plot, exquisite and fashionable narrative technique and ironic but thought-provoking theme, which is a classic.

(2) International co-production is an important way to strengthen international exchanges.

International co-production is an important way to improve the international communication power of TV dramas. In 20 15, there were * * * TV series 14 in the world, of which 6 were co-produced, accounting for more than 40%. In order to cater to the Korean audience's love for China's film and television dramas, Korean channels such as OBS TV, ChingTV, TVB Korea and Martial Arts TV began to co-produce film and television dramas with China. From 2065438 to September 2006, a five-episode documentary "Nonchen Woluan 1592" co-produced by China and South China (Korean film named "Korean War in Wan Li") landed on KBS TV in South Korea, which was replayed in the prime time of Mid-Autumn Festival, and gained good ratings and reputation.

(c) The Internet has become an important platform for international communication.

Internet platform has become the main platform for TV play, and it is also an important platform for TV play to spread internationally. On the one hand, video websites are natural international communication platforms, and users can watch foreign TV dramas conveniently; On the other hand, video websites have huge users and are convenient to watch, which can greatly improve the international communication power of TV dramas. For example, YouTube and Netflix are important platforms for the international spread of video programs. By June of 20 15, YouTube had more than 10 billion monthly active users, 70% of whom were from non-America. Netflix has 65.55 million global users, including 23.25 million overseas users, accounting for 35.5%. In order to meet the needs of American, Canadian and Latin American audiences for English dramas, Netflix also cooperated with BBC to introduce a large number of its content products. In 2065438+011February, Netflix released famous British dramas such as Doctor Who, and in 20 14, it purchased the broadcasting rights of BBC costume drama Peaky Blinders for three seasons. Netflix has also purchased American copyrights for many programs that have achieved great success in Latin America and China. China video website has introduced large-scale overseas TV series, which has become the main platform for China users to watch the imported TV series.

The development of crowdsourcing translation technology on the Internet has also made the Internet an important force to promote the international communication of TV dramas. For example, ViKi, a crowdsourcing translation platform, provides users around the world with various video services with multilingual subtitles. Its video content comes from dozens of countries, such as South Korea, China, Thailand and Turkey. There are one million subtitle translators and nearly 2 billion videos, which can support 170 languages. Viki has 33 million unique users every day, mainly covering North America, accounting for 60% of users. Another example is that some foreign Internet subtitle translation communities take the initiative to translate the popular China TV series on the Internet, so as to promote the international spread of China TV series. 20 15 "nirvana in the fire" and "Pretender" and other domestic hit TV dramas have attracted hot comments on the Internet, attracting TV lovers in China and even around the world, and crowdsourcing translation in the subtitle group community. Among them, the members of the subtitle group of Nirvana in Fire come from the United States, Australia, Germany, France, Italy, Hungary, Greece and other countries, and the translated subtitles span many languages.

[1] 20 16 global television yearbook

[2] According to relevant information.

[3] Hu Zhanfan, editor-in-chief: The Third Drama World-2016 Report on the Development of Global TV Drama Industry, China Radio, Film and Television Press, 2065438+August 2006.

[4]《& lt； In the third season of Downton Abbey, the United States ended with amazing ratings. /movie/Shi Ying-Ji Guo /20 13-03/3756446.html

[5] Hu Zhanfan, editor-in-chief: The Third Drama World-2016 Report on the Development of Global TV Drama Industry, China Radio, Film and Television Press, 2065438+August 2006.

[6] Teng: "Introduction and Analysis of Foreign TV Plays", "Young Journalists" 20 14No. 17 Page 68.

[8] Wang: "Investigation on the Current Situation of Attractive Cake Imported from Internet", Digital Image Age,No. 1 1 issue, 20 14.

[9] Tao Xiaoqiao: Will Thai drama become the new favorite of video websites? WeChat official account, TV series Hawkeye, 2016-11-15.

[10] Huang Kang, Yang Weiwei: research report on the introduction of American drama into video websites: current situation and characteristics, Sound Screen World, No.9, 20 13.