What are the forms and characteristics of new logistics?

The so-called modern logistics refers to the logistics with modern characteristics, which is closely linked with the mass production of modern society and reflects the needs of modern enterprise management and social and economic development. In modern logistics management and operation, management technology, engineering technology and information technology, which represent the development level of today's productive forces, are widely used. With the progress of the times, the modernization of logistics management and logistics activities will continue to improve. Modernization is a process approaching the advanced level. In this sense, "modern logistics" will also give it different connotations in different periods. The characteristics of modern logistics can be summarized as follows: (1) Systematic logistics is not a simple superposition of transportation, warehousing and other activities, but a system formed by internal relations under the same purpose, and there is an interactive relationship between the functional elements that make up the system. When considering logistics optimization, we must realize the overall optimization goal of logistics through the best combination of logistics functions from a systematic point of view. Local optimization is not equal to the optimization of the whole logistics system, and establishing the system concept is an important basis for doing a good job in logistics management and developing modern logistics activities. (2) Minimization of total logistics cost Logistics management pursues the optimization of logistics system, which is reflected in the minimization of total logistics cost in cost management, which is an important symbol of logistics rationalization. The traditional management method focuses on reducing the cost of each single logistics activity as much as possible, ignoring the relationship between the total logistics cost and each cost. There is a antinomy relationship between logistics elements, and modern logistics management is based on this relationship when controlling the total logistics cost. The so-called antinomy (or antinomy of interests) refers to the interaction between related activities in which the high cost of one department will be offset by the cost reduction or interest increase of other departments. From a systematic point of view, there is obviously a conflict of interest between the various functions that constitute logistics. For example, reducing the number of warehouses can save storage costs, but on the other hand, it will also increase transportation costs because of increasing transportation distance and transportation times, which may increase rather than reduce the total logistics cost level. For another example, adopting high-speed transportation will increase the transportation cost, but fast transportation will reduce the inventory, thus saving the inventory cost and storage cost, which will eventually lead to the reduction of the total logistics cost. Modern logistics is based on the total logistics cost consciousness, using the antinomy relationship between logistics elements, and achieving the goal of minimizing the total logistics cost through the mutual cooperation and overall coordination of various logistics functions and activities. (III) Logistics Informatization Modern logistics can be understood as the combination of physical circulation of materials and information circulation, and information plays an important role in realizing logistics systematization and logistics operation integration. There is no organic connection between the functional elements of traditional logistics, and the control of logistics activities belongs to ex post control. Modern logistics organically combines all kinds of logistics functions and activities through information, and controls the logistics system to run according to the predetermined goals through real-time mastery of information. Accurately mastering information such as inventory information and demand information can reduce inefficient and non-added logistics activities and improve logistics efficiency and reliability of logistics services. (4) Modernization of logistics means In modern logistics activities, advanced transportation, warehousing, loading and unloading, packaging and distribution processing are widely used. The large-scale, high-speed and specialized transportation tools, the automation of loading and unloading machinery, the unitization of packaging, the three-dimensional and automation of warehouses, and the computerization, electronization and networking of information processing and transmission have provided material guarantee for the development of modern logistics. (V) Socialization of logistics services In the modern logistics era, the logistics industry has been fully developed, and the proportion of meeting the logistics needs of enterprises through socialized logistics services has been continuously improved. The third-party logistics has become the mainstream of modern logistics, and the logistics industry plays an important role in the national economy. (VI) Specialized logistics management enterprises began to be responsible for logistics activities by specialized departments, no longer attached to other departments, and logistics management technology became more and more mature. (VII) Electronic Logistics Modern information technology, communication technology and network technology are widely used in the process of processing and transmitting logistics information. The exchange, transmission and processing of logistics information between different enterprises can break through the limitations of space and time, maintain a high degree of unity between real logistics and information flow, and process information in real time. (VIII) Rapid Response of Logistics With the support of modern logistics information system, operating system and logistics network, the response speed of logistics to meet demand is accelerated and the logistics lead time is shortened. The ability of timely delivery, rapid replenishment of orders and rapid adjustment of inventory structure is being strengthened. (IX) Logistics Networking With the expansion of production and circulation space, in order to ensure the efficient distribution of products and the supply of materials, modern logistics needs to have a sound logistics network system, and the logistics activities between various points on the network remain systematic and consistent, which can ensure the optimal total inventory level and inventory distribution of the entire logistics network, and combine trunk transportation with branch terminal distribution to form a fast and flexible supply channel. (X) Logistics Flexibility With the diversification and individualization of consumer demand, logistics demand is characterized by small batch, multiple varieties and high frequency. The ordering cycle is shortened, the timeliness is enhanced, and the uncertainty of logistics demand is improved. Logistics flexibility is to take the customer's logistics demand as the center, make a quick response to the customer's demand, adjust logistics operations in time, and effectively control logistics costs.