What are the basic essentials of Chinese painting?

No matter which one you study, sketch and color are the foundation. Chinese painting practices brushwork, while sketching practices the basic skills of painting. Although Chinese painting pays attention to artistic conception, it also requires high modeling ability.

Sketch is a good form of somatosensory training, which is of great help to grasp the volume of objects and analyze the relationship between light and shade. Sketch training is a step-by-step process, from simple geometric figures to simple still life, and gradually began to draw some plaster heads, and then to real people's heads (head, bust, whole body).

The role of practicing sketch in Chinese painting;

1: spatial relationship, that is, what is often said in painting is "near reality and far emptiness" and "near big and far small"

2. Modeling ability, which can well grasp the ability to create or sketch.

Color training is also essential. We can train small color's draft and small color's draft from the very beginning (just opened 16), which can better improve one's overall color grasping ability in painting. Then step by step from simple still life to multiple still lives. To sketch from a portrait ~ ~

Practice the role of color in Chinese painting;

1: Purity is "near pure and far gray" in Chinese painting.

One more thing to add is the relationship between lightness. In other words, the black-and-white relationship must be opened ~ ~

Sketch is even more essential. It can exercise your quick and accurate observation, and use simple lines to briefly describe the attitude, body, movement and so on of objects. It is an important painting method to cultivate the painter's keen observation and quickly grasp the generalization of object characteristics, and it is also an important means to record life and accumulate creative materials.

There are inseparable exercises among the three sketches of sketch color. With my years of experience in painting, I will sketch more after learning color for a while, and my painting will be greatly improved. Sketch is the same. The more you draw, the better your sketch will be.

After learning calligraphy, it will be more handy to learn Chinese painting, because your general blank relationship, composition and pen use will be easier than being handy, and naturally you will learn Chinese painting faster and better than learning Chinese painting directly.

It's just that Chinese painting has some things of its own, such as implication, breath infiltration, exaggeration and freehand brushwork.

Many paintings are gradually realized in the later period of Chinese painting ~ ~ The order of learning Chinese painting has always been unquestionable, but more and more people express their opinions on the Internet that they should learn freehand brushwork (or freehand brushwork) first, and then learn meticulous brushwork, which is really a bit puzzling. Is tradition really going further and further for some people in China?

Of course, feeling is one thing, and silence or shouting is another. Thinking carefully about the viewpoint of "freehand brushwork before meticulous brushwork", I think there are several possibilities:

First, this person really doesn't understand painting (at least Chinese painting). He was exposed to the teaching mode of western painting since childhood, so it is understandable that he doesn't understand the basic process of Chinese painting. If he is wrong, it's not worth exploring, it's just a joke.

Secondly, this person has studied Chinese painting, but it is a pity that the teacher who taught him is an amateur of Chinese painting, or that he taught himself the western painting system, and the knowledge of Chinese painting freehand brushwork is simply "a blank sheet of paper"!

Third, such people are debatable. In fact, he understands that he should learn meticulous brushwork before freehand brushwork, and he just lies with his eyes open and does dirty work with a smiling face. In fact, it is a ridiculous act of delusion of knowledge monopoly and fooling laymen. He thinks that a person has little knowledge, so he takes the initiative. But if he is a big country, what is a villain?

I have seen a class that taught freehand brushwork first, but in fact, after learning freehand brushwork, both master and apprentice have no idea how to draw with meticulous brushwork. Pencil and brush Qi Fei, Chinese painting and western painting * * * blend into one furnace, and there is no bone to outline * * *, that is to say, there is no distinction between raw propaganda and cooked propaganda. In a word, the technique of western painting is to use the tools of Chinese painting to achieve brilliant brushwork. In order to play the banner of Chinese painting teaching, I misinterpreted the style of Chinese painting, because I don't know much about Chinese painting-it must be neither fish nor fowl. After learning loofah, I can only draw loofah, not melons and watermelons. I don't have the basic modeling foundation of Chinese painting (pay attention to Chinese painting), so I have neither the incisiveness of Chinese painting nor the three-dimensional realism of western painting. The result is probably Mr. Xu Beihong at the beginning.

I can only say: those who want to draw western paintings, draw your western paintings first, and ask the teacher for advice after a little knowledge. If you talk glibly, but intentionally or unintentionally use the fallacy in your own words to lead people who ask for advice modestly into a dead end, it is really immoral and self-aware. Western painting is very skilled in sketch, color, modeling and brushwork, but they despise the "masters" of Chinese painting in their bones. Since they don't understand the essence of Chinese painting and just want to share a cup of traditional culture, please don't open the door of Chinese painting easily. Please learn to deny yourself first and find your own roots first.

Now, whether China people learn painting or teach foreigners to learn painting, freehand brushwork is everywhere, and meticulous brushwork is nowhere to be found. What is the reason? Probably because meticulous brushwork can't be learned in a day or two, but freehand brushwork is simple and easy to use. Teachers and students, one is easy to teach freehand brushwork, and the other is easy to learn freehand brushwork. In the eyes of mediocre teachers, the long rhyme of ink and wash flows sadly in the blind trust of students who are not demanding. As everyone knows, are Chinese paintings that have been passed down through the ages really so easy to learn? Is it so easy to be caught?

Chinese painting is based on lines. Chinese painting is originally won by lines, and its starting, transporting, turning and folding are all ways and means of raising a pen. There is nothing mysterious, but it needs in-depth efforts. As the best carrier of lines: meticulous painting is naturally the first choice for learning Chinese painting! Some people may ask, what lines are invisible in freehand brushwork, especially in freehand brushwork landscapes, which are more side strokes. Is it related to the lines? The answer is yes! We can take calligraphy as an easy-to-understand explanation: if you can't write cursive script at the beginning, you should start with Li Kai, and then seal, Wei Bei and so on. , and then cursive; Just like a person has to learn to walk before he can learn to run. He ran without learning to walk, only to fall. The same is true of learning Chinese painting. Without a good line foundation, you will shake when holding the pen, the lines will float but be weak, and the turn will not be smooth. If you hold a huge rafter, how do you express the hills and valleys in your heart? Not to mention "freehand brushwork" paintings that require higher brushwork. So the conclusion is, if you want to learn freehand brushwork, OK, learn Gongbi first, and the lines of Gongbi have been practiced. Congratulations, you can choose to continue to improve on meticulous painting or dabble in freehand brushwork.

Let me give you a simple example: Qi Baishi is a well-known great painter, and his freehand brushwork is widely spread. With works such as The Dove of Peace, he had a good cultural exchange and interaction with Picasso in Spain at that time. Therefore, as a well-known painter, what made him famous in his early days was "Qi Renmei", that is, Qi Baishi's paintings of ladies, and he also copied meticulous paintings in his early days. It is precisely because of Mr. Qi's good foundation of meticulous painting that he became familiar with freehand brushwork in the future and achieved the reputation of a generation. It is unheard of for famous painters of all dynasties to call themselves the first in freehand brushwork without meticulous brushwork!

Therefore, to learn Chinese painting, we must first learn to practice lines, so as to get a glimpse of the road of meticulous painting. After a certain period of meticulous painting, with a long-term meticulous painting line foundation, you can master freehand brushwork. This is a scientific and effective method that has been tested by predecessors and history. Of course, meticulous painting and freehand brushwork are two different painting styles in Chinese painting. Based on the differences in painting materials (mainly paper) and techniques, there are differences in styles and visual effects, so there is nothing wrong with saying that freehand brushwork is better than meticulous brushwork, just as it is ridiculous to say that cursive script is better than regular script. There are many famous artists in history, who have both works and writing skills. Of course, there are also those who are only famous for their meticulous brushwork, but they have never heard of those who only draw freehand brushwork without meticulous brushwork. This is obviously a big joke.

Let's start with an overview of some information about traditional painting to support the above point of view:

In the Ming Dynasty, the materials of calligraphy and painting changed, which led to the real separation of meticulous painting and freehand brushwork. This material is raw propaganda (a kind of rice paper, corresponding to cooked propaganda). In the past, meticulous painting required repeated stippling to show good results. Using the easy rendering characteristics of the winning selection (water is easily absorbed, resulting in one-time color blooming), it can be completed at one time, saving a lot of trouble. Judging from the creation and different styles of aesthetics, the appearance of Sheng Xuan undoubtedly has a positive effect. From the point of view that Xu Wei and the Eight Freehand Paintings in the Late Ming Dynasty led the trend and were superimposed by famous freehand painters since the Qing Dynasty, the appearance of this kind of painting material has more advantages than disadvantages. However, everything has two sides. Almost from the day when the birth was announced, some people lamented that "there is no real painter today!" The reason is that many utilitarian people who don't want to know more are eager to save trouble and completely give up meticulous creation or meticulous details. Some views are quite similar to those of some people today (laughs). Fortunately, China's art, just like the history of China, can have a ditch and a bright moon, but after all, the bright moon is in the sky and the spring tide is surging, and the ditch can only be hidden underground.

It can be said that it is difficult for people who truly understand the history of China's painting to have the idea of "freehand brushwork before meticulous painting". Of course, foreigners who waste their time can simply teach some freehand brushwork, but most of their foreign friends don't learn it at will. You fool him for a while, and he will settle accounts with you.