How do surgeons sew needles and remove stitches? curiosity

Ok, I'll show you the picture, and you'll understand:

suture

The purpose of suture is to close the wound edge, eliminate the dead space and promote early healing. Skin suture should avoid wound edge inversion. Suture can be divided into two categories: non-absorbable suture and absorbable suture, and each category is divided into several different models according to the thread-making material and thread thickness. There are many kinds of suture methods, but the basic suture methods are simple involution suture, varus suture and valgus suture, each of which has two forms: continuous suture and intermittent suture. In recent years, although there are more and more tissue connection methods of instrument anastomosis, that is, stapler anastomosis without suture, suture is still an essential basic skill in surgery.

This is for sewing needles:

take out stitches

It is only necessary to remove the skin suture, so surgical suture removal refers to the surgical process of removing the suture after the sutured skin incision heals or when some complications occur in the surgical incision (such as suppurative infection of the incision, subcutaneous hematoma compressing important organs, etc.). ). When removing stitches, in principle, the line segment originally exposed outside the skin should not pass through subcutaneous tissue to avoid bacterial contamination. The time of suture removal should be determined by considering the incision site, local blood supply, patient's age and nutritional status, incision size and tension. Generally speaking, the head, face and neck incisions are removed 4-5 days after operation; Lower abdomen and perineum for 6-7 days; Chest, upper abdomen, back and buttocks for 7-9 days; Limbs 10- 12 days (it can be appropriately extended near joints); Tension reduction suture 14 days. Sometimes you can use interval needles first; The suppurative wound should be removed immediately; Teenage patients can shorten the suture removal time appropriately; Elderly, malnourished and diabetic patients can delay the time of taking out stitches. The specific method of thread removal is to disinfect the incision area according to the method of dressing change, gently pull out the knot with tweezers in the left hand, insert the slightly opened thread scissors into the gap between the knot and the skin in the right hand, cut the thread flat against the skin at the eye of the needle, and then quickly and gently pull out the suture along the arc direction when sewing the needle (Figure 6-9) to avoid opening the incision and causing discomfort and subcutaneous pollution to the patient. Finally, fix the cover with sterile gauze and adhesive tape.

This is stitches:

The above is a professional expression, very specific and detailed. Please ask me again if you don't understand anything.