Introduction to groin

Directory 1 pinyin 2 English reference 3 what is the internal structure of the groin 4. 1 inguinal region 4.2 inguinal canal 5 inguinal features 6 inguinal diseases 6. 1 indirect inguinal hernia 6.2 direct inguinal hernia 7 reference 1 pinyin fü g ǔ gu

2 English reference groin [dictionary of marine vocabulary]

3 What is the groin The groin is an important part connecting the abdomen and thighs. Because it is close to the external genitalia, it is often regarded as a private part. Wet and airtight groin often becomes a health hazard. The groin is the main area of sexual activity and one of the important sensitive areas. For adult males, inguinal canal can strengthen testicular function [1]. For sexual function therapy, * * * testicles can enhance male sexual function. But more effective is the inguinal canal located on both sides of the root. The groin is a channel that conveys blood to the testis and connects nerves. If the inguinal canal function is low, it will inevitably lead to testicular dysfunction. Therefore, it is very important to make the blood circulation of inguinal canal good. For adult women, groin can also enhance or improve. Wet and airtight groin often becomes a health hazard.

4 Internal structure of the groin 4. 1 Groin area The groin area is located between the horizontal line of the anterior superior iliac spine [2] and the outer edge of rectus abdominis and the inguinal ligament. This area is horizontal in some places, and the load increases; The direction of muscle fibers tends to be consistent, and the screen wall ability is weakened; And there are organs running through, causing cracks in the tube wall to form inguinal canal; Considering many factors, this site is the weakest part of the anterolateral abdominal wall, and the latter has the greatest relationship with it.

4.2 inguinal canal C * * *

Local relations are as follows:

The whole anterior wall consists of the aponeurosis of the external oblique abdomen and the internal oblique abdomen, forming the superficial inguinal ring (also called subcutaneous ring), that is, the outlet.

The whole posterior wall consists of transverse fascia and inguinal falx, forming a deep inguinal ring (also called abdominal ring), that is, the entrance.

The whole lower wall is composed of inguinal ligament.

The whole upper wall consists of internal abdominal muscles and transverse abdominal muscles.

These two muscles are located in front of the outermost inguinal canal, and then arch over the inguinal canal to form the upper wall. Finally, the conjoined tendon is located behind the innermost root canal, that is, before the deep ring and after the shallow ring. In this way, the second muscle is the key to strengthen the front and rear walls, and it is also the key to open and close the fallopian tubes. Iliohypogastric nerve, which dominates the local muscle fibers, is located on the surface of the muscle arch edge. The inguinal canal is located above the medial part of the inguinal ligament. It is a myofascial fissure inclined from the upper outside to the inner side, with a length of 45cm, through which sperm or round ligament of uterus passes. The inguinal canal has four walls and two internal and external openings. Anterior wall: the superficial layer is the aponeurosis of the external oblique abdominal muscle, and the deep layer has the beginning of the internal oblique abdominal muscle at 1/3 outside the tube. Posterior wall: transverse fascia of abdomen, with conjoined tendons at the inside of the tube 1/3. Upper wall: the arched lower edge of the internal oblique muscle and transverse abdominal muscle. Inferior wall: inguinal ligament. The inner opening is a deep ring, located about one finger above the midpoint of the inguinal ligament, and it is an oval hole on the transverse fascia of the abdomen. The inferior epigastric artery is on the inner side of the foramen, and there are internal oblique muscles in the superficial layer, and the deep layer is covered by peritoneum. The external orifice is a shallow ring, which is a triangular fissure in the peritoneum of the external oblique muscle above the pubic tubercle. There are spermatic cord and ilioinguinal nerve in male inguinal canal. The spermatic cord consists of vas deferens, vas deferens artery, testicular artery, tendinous vein plexus, reproductive branches of genitourinary femoral nerve, lymphatic vessels and remnants of peritoneal sheath process. After the spermatic cord enters from the inner mouth of inguinal canal, it is surrounded by the inner fascia of spermatic cord from the transverse fascia of abdomen, and it is surrounded by the thin outer fascia of spermatic cord from the superficial peritoneum of the external oblique muscle. Although the lower part of inguinal region lacks muscle structure, it still has certain physiological protection. Because the inguinal canal is oblique myofascial fissure, when the abdominal pressure increases, the front and rear walls of the canal close together; When the rectus abdominis contracts, the curved edges of the internal oblique muscle and transverse abdominis muscle are close to the inguinal ligament, so that the semilunar notch below the curved edge almost disappears. Due to the contraction of transverse abdominis muscle, the deep ring of inguinal canal also moves outward and upward, which narrows the ring mouth.

The five characteristics of the groin The groin is a triangular area on both sides of the lower abdomen. Its inner boundary is the outer edge of rectus abdominis, its upper boundary is the horizontal line from the anterior superior iliac spine to the outer edge of rectus abdominis, and its lower boundary is inguinal ligament. This area is weak for the following reasons: (1) The oblique muscle outside abdomen moves to the thinner aponeurosis here and forms a gap below it; The lower edges of the internal oblique muscle and transverse abdominal muscle did not reach the inner part of inguinal ligament, so this part was not covered by muscle; The spermatic cord or ligamentum teres uteri passes through the inguinal canal to form a potential fissure. In addition, when the human body stands, the intra-abdominal pressure in the groin area is about 3 times higher than that in the supine position. Due to the above anatomical and physiological characteristics, hernia mostly occurs in this area.

6 Inguinal diseases 6. 1 Oblique inguinal hernia protrudes from the inner ring of the lateral groin of the inferior epigastric artery, enters the inguinal canal downwards, forwards and obliquely, and can enter the scrotum through the outer ring of the groin. Straight hernia directly protrudes from the inner side of inferior epigastric artery, does not pass through the inner ring and does not enter the scrotum. Indirect inguinal hernia can be divided into congenital and acquired types. Congenital oblique hernia is caused by incomplete closure of peritoneal sheath process and communication with abdominal cavity. The reason of acquired indirect hernia is the increase of intra-abdominal pressure and the relaxation of the inner ring of inguinal canal.

6.2 Direct inguinal hernia