What is the answer to the specialized production organization form?

(1) Four types of specialized organizations

According to different standards, it can be divided into different productio

What is the answer to the specialized production organization form?

(1) Four types of specialized organizations

According to different standards, it can be divided into different production types. (1) According to the source of production plan, it can be divided into order production and inventory production. Order-based production began to organize production according to the specific order requirements put forward by users, such as shipbuilding and construction. Make to stock is a planned production based on market demand forecast. Generally, the products produced by stocking are standard products or stereotyped products, such as televisions, small machine tools and motors. (2) According to the continuous degree of production, it can be divided into continuous production and intermittent production. Products, processes and production equipment used in continuous production are fixed and standardized, and there is no WIP storage between processes. Such as oil production in oil fields. Intermittent production is the input of various factors in the production process. Such as machine tool manufacturing and locomotive manufacturing. (3) According to the degree of specialization of products and work, it can be divided into mass production, mass production and single-piece production. According to the batch size, batch production types can be divided into large batch, medium batch and small batch production. Because of the similarity between mass production and mass production, it is customarily called mass production; Single-piece and small-batch production has similar characteristics, which is customarily called single-piece and small-batch production. Under normal circumstances, a large number of products are single in variety, with high output of each variety and high degree of specialization in the workplace (generally undertaking 1-2 process), which has the characteristics of stable production, high efficiency, low cost and simple management. But it also has the characteristics of large investment (special fixture and special mechanical equipment), poor adaptability and poor flexibility. The focus of mass production management is mainly line balance, material management, quality control and equipment maintenance. There are many kinds of products produced in single piece and small batch, and the degree of production repetition is low, and the degree of workplace specialization is low (generally more than 40 processes are undertaken), so the utilization rate of production capacity is low, the production stability is poor, the efficiency is low, the cost is high, and the management work is complicated. Therefore, the management of single piece and small batch production mainly includes job preparation, job assignment, job schedule planning and schedule adjustment to solve the production bottleneck and shorten the production cycle as much as possible. We can shorten the production cycle by reducing the replacement of parts and improving the flexibility of the production system. The characteristics of medium batch production are between the above two (generally 2-40 processes are undertaken). The management of medium-sized batch production focuses on reasonable batch arrangement, quality control and cost control. Edit the production process organization of this paragraph 1. Division of production process Production process refers to the whole process from the input of raw materials to the output of products. This process can usually be divided into: (1) technological process, that is, the process of directly changing the nature, shape and size of the labor object, which is the most basic part of the production process. (2) Inspection process is an essential part of product formation, which does not create value and creates cost, so the fewer inspection processes, the better. (3) the transportation process, that is, the process of transferring the labor object from one process to the next. (4) Natural process refers to the process of completing one's own nature under the action of natural forces. For example, the fermentation process of wine making. (5) The waiting process of treatment refers to the stopping and waiting when the next activity cannot continue. 2. Requirements for a reasonable organization of the production process The basic requirements for a reasonable organization of the production process include: (1) Continuity of the production process, that is, the product is in a continuous state in time during the production process without time interruption; (2) Proportionality of the production process, that is, the production capacity of each stage and link of the production process keeps developing in proportion to realize the optimal allocation of resources; (3) The balance of the production process refers to the stability of the production speed and the relative stability of the workload in each link of production; (4) the adaptability of production process refers to the ability of production to adapt to market changes; (5) Parallelism of the production process, that is, the processed object realizes parallel and cross operations in the production process.

⑵ What is the specialized form of process object, what is the specialized form of product object, and what is the mixed organization mode? Advantages and disadvantages of each.

Technical specialization

Process specialization refers to the establishment of different production units according to the characteristics of different production processes. In such a production unit, workers of the same process equipment and the same type of work are gathered together, and different types of work can engage in the same process method.

Product focus

Object specialization refers to establishing different production units according to different processing objects. In this production unit, a complete set of equipment, process equipment and various related types of workers are equipped to process a certain product, so that the whole process of the product can be completed in the production unit.

Advantages and disadvantages of specialization of production process and object.

Advantages and disadvantages of production process specialization;

Its advantages are strong adaptability to product variety changes.

Disadvantages are:

(1) low productivity;

(2) The continuity of the production process is poor and the transportation distance is long.

(3) Planning management, production scheduling, quality management, work-in-process management and other management work become complicated, which greatly increases the management workload.

Advantages and disadvantages of object specialization:

(1) The degree of production specialization is high, and higher labor productivity can be obtained; Therefore, the production cycle is long, the amount of products in process is large, and the corresponding expenses are high;

(3) What is the production organization form?

The form of production organization refers to the organic and effective combination of input resource elements, production process and output, and the overall summary of operation mode, which is the synthesis of strategic decision, system design and system operation management in production and operation management. Due to the different modes of production in different economic times, the forms of production organization are also different.

(3) The characteristics of specialized production organization form.

Types of organizational forms

1, produced by the group

It deals with many different but partially similar things in a unified way, thus reducing repetitive work, saving manpower and time and improving work efficiency. The basic idea of group production is to carry out multi-variety, small and medium-sized batch production with a large number of production technologies and special methods.

Because it groups parts, it reduces the types of parts processed in each workshop, expands the production batch of parts and improves the degree of specialization. This enables single-piece and small-batch production enterprises to adopt advanced technological methods, efficient automatic machine tools and numerical control machine tools.

Machine tools can be arranged in groups, using group fixtures, and making processes according to group parts, and each group part is processed in its own group production unit and assembly line. This will be beneficial to production management, improve economic benefits, and simplify, specialize and standardize complex single-piece and small-batch production.

2.JIT production

The ultimate goal of JIT is to reduce costs and gain profits. So JIT diagram achieves this goal by completely eliminating waste. The so-called waste is defined by Toyota Motor Corporation, the birthplace of JIT, as a production factor that will only increase the cost, that is, an element that will not bring any added value.

The most important ones are the waste caused by overproduction, the waste of personnel utilization and the waste caused by unqualified products. In order to eliminate these wastes, timely and moderate production, flexible deployment of workers and quality assurance are also put forward accordingly.

(4) What is the organizational form of production?

Group production

It deals with many different but partially similar things in a unified way, thus reducing repetitive work, saving manpower and time and improving work efficiency. The basic idea of group production is to carry out multi-variety, small and medium-sized batch production with a large number of production technologies and special methods. Because it groups parts, it reduces the types of parts processed in each workshop, expands the production batch of parts and improves the degree of specialization. This enables single-piece and small-batch production enterprises to adopt advanced technological methods, efficient automatic machine tools and numerical control machine tools. Machine tools can be arranged in groups, using group fixtures, and making processes according to group parts, and each group part is processed in its own group production unit and assembly line. This will be beneficial to production management, improve economic benefits, and simplify, specialize and standardize complex single-piece and small-batch production.

just right

The ultimate goal of JIT is to reduce costs and gain profits. So JIT diagram achieves this goal by completely eliminating waste. The so-called waste is defined by Toyota Motor Corporation, the birthplace of JIT, as a production factor that will only increase the cost, that is, an element that will not bring any added value. The most important ones are the waste caused by overproduction, the waste of personnel utilization and the waste caused by unqualified products. In order to eliminate these wastes, timely and moderate production, flexible deployment of workers and quality assurance are also put forward accordingly.

1. Timely and appropriate production. For enterprises, the output of various products must be able to flexibly adapt to the changes in market demand, otherwise overproduction will cause a series of wastes such as personnel, equipment and inventory costs. Therefore, the use of Kanban management to implement timely and moderate production, only when the market needs to produce products that the market needs.

2. Flexible deployment of workers. In today's increasingly high labor costs, reducing labor costs is an important aspect of reducing costs. The way to achieve this goal is "fewer people", that is, according to the change of production volume, the number of workers in each production line is flexibly increased, and more work is done with less manpower as far as possible.

3. Quality assurance. There has always been a negative correlation between quality and cost, that is, manpower and material resources are needed to ensure the improvement of quality. However, in JIT, the consistency of improving quality and reducing cost is achieved by running quality management in each process by using automated methods.

computer integrated manufacturing

Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) 1973 Dr. Joseph Harrington of the United States first put forward the concept of CIM-"Computer Integrated Manufacturing". Its connotation is to improve the ability to adapt to market competition by means of computer integration of various manufacturing-related technical systems in enterprises. After nearly 20 years of development, different developers and computer companies have different emphases, so the mode of computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) has different connotations and extensions. From the viewpoint of overall optimization of system engineering, CIMS unifies the information of manufacturing enterprises from market forecast, order acceptance, product design and manufacturing, production management, sales to after-sales service, integrates the functions of its subsystems, and realizes the overall optimization of enterprises. The core of CIMS lies in integration, not in technical integration, not in the pursuit of unmanned chemical plants, but in the emerging production mode and management mode that meet the needs of modern economic development. This model emphasizes the integration of people, management technology, information technology and production technology. Through the integration and coordination of various functions of enterprises, logistics, information flow and technology flow are accelerated to the maximum extent, so that enterprises can meet market demand quickly, improve economic benefits and enhance competitiveness.

5] What are the types of production organization forms?

The form of production organization refers to the organic and effective combination of resource elements, production process and output of producers and the overall summary of operation mode, which is the synthesis of strategic decision, system design and system operation management in production and operation management. Due to the different modes of production in different economic times, the forms of production organization are also different.

Types of production organization forms:

(1) group production

Group production is a scientific production organization form of multi-variety, medium and small batch production. It is a method of organizing and managing production. According to the structural shape and technical similarity of products, all product parts are grouped. It deals with many different but partially similar things in a unified way, thus reducing repetitive work, saving manpower and time and improving work efficiency. The basic idea of group production is to carry out multi-variety, small and medium-sized batch production with a large number of production technologies and special methods. Because it groups parts, it reduces the types of parts processed in each workshop, expands the production batch of parts and improves the degree of specialization. This enables single-piece and small-batch production enterprises to adopt advanced technological methods, efficient automatic machine tools and numerical control machine tools. Machine tools can be arranged in groups, using group fixtures, and making processes according to group parts, and each group part is processed in its own group production unit and assembly line. This will be beneficial to production management, improve economic benefits, and simplify, specialize and standardize complex single-piece and small-batch production.

(b) Timely production

The ultimate goal of JIT is to reduce costs and gain profits. So JIT diagram achieves this goal by completely eliminating waste. The so-called waste is defined by Toyota Motor Corporation, the birthplace of JIT, as a production factor that will only increase the cost, that is, an element that will not bring any added value. The most important ones are the waste caused by overproduction, the waste of personnel utilization and the waste caused by unqualified products. In order to eliminate these wastes, timely and moderate production, flexible deployment of workers and quality assurance are also put forward accordingly.

1, timely and appropriate production. For enterprises, the output of various products must be able to flexibly adapt to the changes in market demand, otherwise overproduction will cause a series of wastes such as personnel, equipment and inventory costs. Therefore, the use of Kanban management to implement timely and moderate production, only when the market needs to produce products that the market needs.

2. Flexible deployment of workers. In today's increasingly high labor costs, reducing labor costs is an important aspect of reducing costs. The way to achieve this goal is "fewer people", that is, according to the change of production volume, the number of workers in each production line is flexibly increased, and more work is done with less manpower as far as possible.

3. Quality assurance. There has always been a negative correlation between quality and cost, that is, manpower and material resources are needed to ensure the improvement of quality. However, in JIT, the consistency of improving quality and reducing cost is achieved by running quality management in each process by using automated methods.

(3) Computer integrated manufacturing

1793, Dr. Joseph Harrington of the United States first put forward the concept of CIM-"computer integrated manufacturing". Its connotation is to improve the ability to adapt to market competition by means of computer integration of various manufacturing-related technical systems in enterprises. After nearly 20 years of development, different developers and computer companies have different emphases, so the mode of computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS) has different connotations and extensions. From the viewpoint of overall optimization of system engineering, CIMS unifies the information of manufacturing enterprises from market forecast, order acceptance, product design and manufacturing, production management, sales to after-sales service, integrates the functions of its subsystems, and realizes the overall optimization of enterprises. The core of CIMS lies in integration, not in technical integration, not in the pursuit of unmanned chemical plants, but in the emerging production mode and management mode that meet the needs of modern economic development. This model emphasizes the integration of people, management technology, information technology and production technology. Through the integration and coordination of various functions of enterprises, logistics, information flow and technology flow are accelerated to the maximum extent, so that enterprises can meet market demand quickly, improve economic benefits and enhance competitiveness.