The stereotype of China's traditional novels refers to

China's classical childhood has its unique artistic style. His writing method is an organic combination of positive romanticism and realism, and he strives to fully reflect the real social life and guide readers to know life with idealized characters. It is difficult for us to refer to the characters and events described in classical novels, especially those works with historical reality and heroic legends. Due to the far-reaching influence of narrative form, classical novels rarely use static description when describing the environment and characters, but often describe the scenery and characters through the language and actions of the characters. From the narrative point of view, it is difficult to define classical novels by the first or third narrator. It adopts a vague narrative technique, which is different from modern and contemporary western novels. This can convey the artistic content and ideological connotation from multiple angles and sides, emphasize the adventure and integrity of the plot, shape the characters on the cusp, and achieve the artistic effect of vivid portrayal. It is also the artistic pursuit of classical novels. The artistic language of China's classical novels is accurate, popular, vivid and vivid. A Dream of Red Mansions is the most outstanding representative of China's classical novels.

A Dream of Red Mansions is a classic novel with the highest achievement in the history of China literature, and it is also one of the few masterpieces in the history of world culture that can represent a national culture and have the common value of human culture. A Dream of Red Mansions can and has played an important role in leading China literature to the world.

A Dream of Red Mansions, an encyclopedic work, has been studied by later generations for many years, so what are its characteristics worth learning? What are its artistic features and personality? It is necessary to look at Cao Xueqin's literary creation from the cultural tradition of China.

First of all, let's take a look at the brief content and writing context of A Dream of Red Mansions.

First, a brief analysis of the content of A Dream of Red Mansions

A Dream of Red Mansions is an endless book. Its profound ideological connotation, intricate relationship between characters and incomparably rich artistic implication are all worth exploring forever.

A Dream of Red Mansions was written by Cao Xueqin with his life's blood and tears. Zhi Yanzhai said, "On New Year's Eve, Qin died in tears before the book was finished." Cao Xueqin also said that "the paper is full of absurd words, a bitter tear, and the author of Dou Yun is stupid. Who can understand the taste! " . Obviously, the theme package of A Dream of Red Mansions contains profound meanings and is by no means simple and solvable.

Mr. Lu Xun once said: A Dream of Red Mansions is just a matter of fate, because of the reader's vision; Economists look at the Book of Changes, Taoists look at lewdness, gifted scholars look at lingering, revolutionaries look at mourning, and gossips look at the secrets of the palace. There is a saying in society that "in the eyes of a hundred people, there are a hundred Jia Baoyu". Since the birth of A Dream of Red Mansions, people have different opinions on its themes, including "love theory" and "love and marriage tragedy theory". But in general, the theme of A Dream of Red Mansions mainly includes the following four aspects:

First, the psychic Baoyu and the rebellious theme-the image of Jia Baoyu.

Second, the theme of love-Jia Baoyu's love and marriage tragedy.

Three or four schools and political themes--the historical fate of the decline of jiafu.

Fourth, the concept of color space and the theme of life-"separation of flesh and blood", "things are unbearable", "being smart and tired" and "empty talk".

After understanding the main contents and ideas of A Dream of Red Mansions, let's take a look at its writing context:

Cao Xueqin writes about people, things and feelings, which is very personal. Only by mastering this point can we truly understand the artistic characteristics of A Dream of Red Mansions. If you use common words you often hear, such as "vivid image, outstanding personality, meticulous description and vivid words", you will get some literary enjoyment, but you have not grasped the true essence of A Dream of Red Mansions.

Although Mr. Lu Xun is not an expert in redology, there is an article devoted to A Dream of Red Mansions in his A Brief History of Chinese Novels. He said that A Dream of Red Mansions is not a political novel, nor a historical novel, but a novel about human feelings, and the word "human feelings" captures the spiritual center of A Dream of Red Mansions. Then Mr. Lu Xun put forward one of the most important propositions about the art of A Dream of Red Mansions, namely Jeff, and he also commented that every sentence at the beginning of the book was ambushed and there was something hidden inside. On the surface, it means one thing, but when you think about it, it means the following.

Everyone is familiar with a "good song", the first sentence of which was annotated by Zhen. It says, "The humble room was full of beds in those days, and the young people with withered grass used to be dance halls ...", which is actually the change of the Grand View Garden in Rongguofu. Every ambush in it refers to a person behind it, and this ambush runs through the book.

Cao Xueqin's layout is also ingenious in the use of lines. We can think about it. The only outsiders who entered Grace's backyard were Jia Yun and Grandma Liu, who were extremely important. In addition to entering the hospital, they also looked for Wang Xifeng. At the end of A Dream of Red Mansions, Jia Yun and Granny Liu went to prison to visit Baoyu and Xifeng respectively, and Granny Liu also saved Sister Qiao. These two characters constitute the most important ending characters in A Dream of Red Mansions.

Generally speaking, the layout of A Dream of Red Mansions is divided into two sections. The first 54 chapters are devoted to New Year's Eve, the grand sacrificial ceremony of ancestral halls and families, and the grand occasion of Guo Rong Mansion. After 54 chapters, the pen and ink changed immediately. The family mainly writes about young ladies, wealthy families and fans in the second half. It's not those people who really occupy the art stage, but those pretty maid, little maids, nameless daughters at all levels. You can see the first half of the fans.

Through the above understanding of the main contents, thoughts and writing of A Dream of Red Mansions, this paper will talk about the artistic characteristics and cultural value of A Dream of Red Mansions Classroom.

Since the publication of A Dream of Red Mansions, there are countless works about it. The reason why A Dream of Red Mansions has become a masterpiece with unique charm across time and space lies in the author's profound experience and revelation of life and social tragedy, the rich implication contained in the book, the myth and religious color, and the high concentration and artistic expression of thousands of years of traditional culture in China.

First, the profound revelation of life and social tragedy.

An important difference between A Dream of Red Mansions and most other classical novels in China is its tragedy. The story structure of China's classical novels mostly begins with sadness, ends with joy, ends with separation and ends with harmony. From the legend of the Tang Dynasty to the parody of storytelling in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Most of them end with the happy ending that the bad guys are punished, the good guys get rich, the grievances are rehabilitated, the husband and wife are reunited, and the readers expect. There are few non-dramas in China's classical novels, let alone real tragedies. However, A Dream of Red Mansions is not the case. It started with a sister party in the Grand View Garden, and finally the fragrance disappeared, and the building was empty. Almost all the characters in A Dream of Red Mansions are frustrated. Baoyu completely despaired of life and became a monk. Daiyu failed in love and died with regret. Although Baochai got Baoyu, she was widowed for only one year. "Feng Chili" once monopolized the power in Jiafu, which was awe-inspiring, but in the end it was impossible for a lifetime; Although the Jia family was blessed by the mighty emperor and became famous for a while, "the box was full of gold and silver, and the bed was full", in the end it was "the humble room was empty and the grass was yellow" and "the clay was really clean". A Dream of Red Mansions was an outstanding genius's tragic perception and grasp of life and society through ups and downs. In the plot structure, it is a truly tragic work in China's classical novels, from joy to sorrow, from combination to division.

As for the understanding of the tragedy of A Dream of Red Mansions, Wang Guowei, a scholar who studied Chinese and Western cultures in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, believes that the tragedy of A Dream of Red Mansions is "self-discipline; Philosophical also; Thinking about outlook on life and values is also universal; Literature is also ".

(1) A red scientist who is a little later than Wang Guowei thinks: "The philosophy of life in A Dream of Red Mansions is self-denial, denial and birth. ..... The book's solution to life's problems is to become a monk. Everything in this world is empty and worthless. " .

Although scholars have always had different opinions on the study of A Dream of Red Mansions, this method of exploring the meaning of A Dream of Red Mansions from the perspective of life is shared by all readers who love A Dream of Red Mansions. A Dream of Red Mansions reflects the common sense of sympathy and sympathy of ordinary rational and affectionate scholars in feudal society when they can't find a way out in their life ideals and feelings, which is of universal significance.

Everyone has experienced setbacks. Although such setbacks have different degrees of impact on his life, there are different situations and reasons, frustrated people all have the same frustration taste. The so-called "we meet. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? " It's the same as A Dream of Red Mansions. All frustrated people can find psychological and emotional sustenance in A Dream of Red Mansions. Nine times out of ten, life is often unsatisfactory. Everyone has had such an experience, and they all have the feeling and sadness of living in a dream, and A Dream of Red Mansions is just a book that takes this feeling and sadness to the extreme. Therefore, when reading a dream of red mansions, everyone can find a place that is connected with their own hearts, causing a strong sound of * * *, and the dream of red mansions has become a spiritual refuge for the frustrated. When the ideal of life can't be realized and love can't find sustenance and destination, a dream of red mansions becomes people's confidants, and the world of a dream of red mansions opens to your heart. Walking into a dream of red mansions, you walk into a free world where you can talk and cry, which can bring comfort to the injured soul.

But if the understanding of A Dream of Red Mansions only stays at this level, it is not strong enough. By describing the disillusionment of a group of marriage seekers and the rise and fall of Jia Shi's four families, the author essentially implies that the feudal society will eventually die because of the insurmountable profound contradictions in its content. It is precisely because of the author's deep thinking about the future that his works have a great influence and shock.

Second, the rich meaning of A Dream of Red Mansions

In the first novel, Nu Wa tried to mend the sky by refining colorful stone, and was refined into a colorful stone with a height of 10 feet and a square height of 24 feet under the barren cliff, but the goddess of mending the sky only used 3650 1 block, leaving only one piece useless. This hard stone was abandoned under Geng Qingfeng, and no one asked again. This story shows that Nu Wa, the creator of China ancient mythology, created Baoyu and abandoned him. After exercise, this abandoned stone became psychic and powerful. Seeing that I have no talent and can't make up for the sky, I often feel sad and ashamed, so I feel sorry for myself. Later, a monk and a Taoist came down from Geng Qingfeng. When he saw this strange stone, he turned it into a pendant-sized stone and took him to a "bustling place with flowers and willows, a gentle and rich hometown" and was reincarnated.

Obviously, this stone left by the goddess of mending heaven is the psychic Baoyu in Jia Baoyu's mouth, and psychic Baoyu is Jia Baoyu's code name. They are a trinity, and Baoyu is a stubborn stone. Therefore, the Jia family, old and young, said that he was extremely stubborn. The story of A Dream of Red Mansions is Jia Baoyu's life story and the experience of a hard stone on earth, which makes this story allegorical and profound. Fable is a persuasive or ironic story, which usually uses exaggerated methods to describe characters or personify animals, plants and inanimate objects, and reflects some profound philosophies and life lessons through a simple story. Fables are not only written for children, but also for experienced adults who can understand the meaning of fables. What does this stone want to tell us with its true mottled handwriting? Philosophy or lesson, enlightenment or awakening? Or give each of us a hint and give us some guidance in life? People live in a world full of charm and traps, and they are all eager for some enlightenment about life. A Dream of Red Mansions can give people some hints, guidance, vigilance and lessons, which need every reader to ponder and appreciate. Everyone's experience is different, and their feelings and understanding will be very different.

Third, the myth of A Dream of Red Mansions

Baoyu and Daiyu, as well as ten other people in flowers of war, came from different backgrounds, especially Baoyu and Daiyu. According to the view of Buddhist Sansheng, Baoyu is a stone left by the goddess of mending heaven in nature, a waiter in the Chixia Palace in the divine world, and an unruly teenager in the world. Daiyu's predecessor is a crimson pearl grass next to the sansheng stone on the cliff of Xiling River. This grass is watered and cared by Shen Ying's messengers every day, and it grows, nourished by the essence of heaven and earth and rain, and cultivated into a female body. Every day, I want to repay the watering of the waiter in Shen Ying. At the right moment, the waiter Shen Ying (that is, psychic Baoyu) accidentally moved his mind, remembered the things in the world, and wanted to go out for a walk. Under his various demands, the vast tuas and misty reality brought him to the gentle and rich land to be reborn as a human being. So, I have been thinking about repaying the waiter Shen Ying for his irrigation. The crimson pearl fairy grass will also go to earth, but she has no fairy dew to repay the waiter Shen Ying. What should I do? Only the tears of her life can be used to repay the irrigation kindness of the waiter Shen Ying, that is, the kindness she received in the celestial world should be repaid in the world, and it is also used to repay the kindness. This repayment method is unprecedented since ancient times. No wonder Daiyu is in Lacrimosa all day! Look at Baoyu and Daiyu in the Grand View Garden. They are all immortals, which cast a mysterious veil on this story, and the mythical meaning is getting stronger and stronger. In A Dream of Red Mansions, the myth system and the reality system have been intertwined.

The fate of the girls in the Grand View Garden is dominated by the vigilant fairy who "cares about secular things and cares about the grievances of secular women". She, the police phantom nun 1, is actually a goddess like Di Anna. She is as real as a fake and as dreamy as a dream. In ancient mythology, man and God always lived together. In A Dream of Red Mansions, Baoyu dreamed in dreamland many times, drank tea with his fairy sister, and even served his first sex teacher by her. In A Dream of Red Mansions, people and gods agree with the life track and significance of "seeing color from the sky, feeling color, expressing emotion with color, and being Wukong with color". From the viewpoint and angle of human culture and artistic thinking, myth is an ancient dream of human beings and the root of human culture. Cassirer once said: "Myth is not only an element of theory, but also an element of artistic creation." Prestel, the author of Poetry and Myth, said: "The mind of the creator of the myth is the prototype, while the mind of the poet is still the mind of the myth era in essence." Cao Xueqin, as a poet, painter and novelist, has always maintained the soul of the age of human mythology, and at the same time deeply rooted the tentacles of life perception in the ancient dreams of the nation and the roots of human culture. Cao Xueqin's outstanding point is that he awakened the spiritual roots of human beings and guided people to think about society and life in the face of the source of human culture. Who are you? Where are you from? Where are you going? Where did the world come from? The proposition of the root of culture is the thinking origin of A Dream of Red Mansions. It is the purest and most spiritual fantasy in the world, so it is more in line with the human psychology of returning to simplicity, which is also the charm of A Dream of Red Mansions. It attracts readers from generation to generation to associate and guess, how did the world come from? How did its originality begin? Is there an all-powerful and all-knowing God in charge? There are still many mysterious phenomena in the world that are difficult for natural science to solve. Even the more great scientists study in their own fields, the more they worship the mystery of nature and treat things with great and magical attitudes. Therefore, the myth and religious significance in the story of A Dream of Red Mansions attracts readers' attention, guides them to think and explore the origin of the world, and makes it attractive.

4. A Dream of Red Mansions is the epitome of China's feudal social life and culture.

A Dream of Red Mansions is rich in content and all-encompassing, and is known as the encyclopedia of feudal society in China. Wang Xilian, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, once commented: "In a book, Momo wrote poems, poems, loved books and operas, wrote couplets and told stories and jokes, all of which were excellent; In the technical field, piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, medical astrology, and crafts, planting flowers and fruits, raising birds and fish, and cooking with needles are all details; People are evil, chaste and stubborn, virtuous and heroic, strong and cowardly, as well as female generals, foreign poets, immortals and ghosts, nuns, prostitutes and actresses, slaves, thieves and demons, drunkards and rogues of the previous generation. The deeds include grand feasts, extravagance, incorruptibility, court ceremonies, celebrations of ups and downs, prison sentences, chanting scriptures, setting up altars, trading profits, and everything is complete; Even the end of life, swallowing gold and taking poison, sudden illness and death, drug mistakes, suicide, jumping into the river, being forced to hang the beam, hitting the steps to get the essence and so on. , both. It can be said that it is all-encompassing, and it can be said that it is as big as the sea, which is beyond the reach of other novels. " A dream of red mansions is all-encompassing. If this Wang Xilian can have a little understanding of the theory of cultural sociology, he will summarize these classifications, that is, A Dream of Red Mansions has covered three basic levels of feudal society in China: material culture, institutional culture and spiritual culture. A Dream of Red Mansions is a review, summary, condensation and artistic expression of the whole ancient culture in China, and it is a master of the life culture of feudal society in China. A Dream of Red Mansions is inexhaustible, as Mr. Lu Xun said: "It is precisely because of the readers' eyes that there are all kinds of literati who read the Book of Changes, Taoist priests who read lewdness, lingering talents, revolutionaries who read the secrets of the palace ..." 4. The deeper the cultural accumulation of a work, the more information it can store. To study A Dream of Red Mansions is to study the traditional culture of China. China's traditional culture has become the fossil and specimen of national traditional culture, which is an achievement that China can't achieve in any other novels.