Recommend a book ~ ~ ~

Canterbury tales

Canterbury Tales is a collection of poetry stories written by Chaucer, a great poet in14th century, and most of them are written in verse. This book contains a general quotation and 23 stories, including two essays and the rest of the poetic style. It tells a strange story told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury to relieve boredom. There are priests, warriors, nuns, college students, craftsmen and other people from all walks of life in this group, and their stories also widely reflect the social outlook at that time. Depicting people of different classes, satirizing the ugliness of feudal society with humorous style, exposing the decay of society, opposing asceticism and advocating secular enjoyment. In the meantime, the short drama scenes are connected in series, and the story content is different in style, which conforms to the identity of each narrator. This book vividly depicts the social life of Britain in the14th century, and embodies the anti-feudal tendency and humanistic thought.

Hamlet

In Hamlet, an immortal drama, there is always a series of fierce conflicts between good and evil. As the protagonist of the play, Hamlet's fate is inevitably in the whirlpool of fierce contradictions and conflicts.

As a prince, Hamlet was portrayed by Shakespeare as a typical example of the beauty of life. He is young, handsome, determined and brave. He loves his country, his father and mother, and his beloved lover, Mr. Filja. It can be said that his life is at the best moment of his life.

However, this wonderful life time disappeared in an instant. What kind of environment is he in? We can see that the Danish court at that time was in chaos, the old king died strangely, the queen remarried to the new king, the foreign enemy was under pressure, the domestic people were furious and explosive, and the palace was drinking and having fun all night, all of which cast a huge shadow on Hamlet's beautiful young life and made him unhappy, thinking that the world was just "a barren and incurable garden full of vicious weeds"

With the appearance of the ghost of Lao Wang, the inside story of the court was uncovered, the crime of murder was exposed, the fire in the prince's heart was ignited, and the curtain of tragedy was opened. ...

In the face of the treacherous new king, Hamlet began to take revenge alone: for revenge, he killed his lover's father by mistake; In order to get revenge, he pretended to be crazy and lost his beloved lover; In retaliation, he was very unfriendly to his weak mother; For revenge, he endured the pain of losing his friendship. Finally, in a bloody court duel, although he killed the sinister new king, his life ended in this "prison"-like court.

Mr. Lu Xun once said: "Tragedy is to destroy the valuable things in life for people to see." As a prince deeply loved by the masses, Hamlet has the ability to rectify the situation, govern the country and avenge himself. But in the face of the powerful feudal forces represented by the sinister and treacherous new king, as a bourgeois humanist, he always regarded this cause closely related to the people as personal hatred and fought alone. Therefore, his tragedy is not only a tragedy of the conflict between truth, goodness and beauty and evil forces, but also a tragedy of the humanist era.

The reason why the image of Hamlet has a strong tragic beauty lies in the contradictions and conflicts that constitute all this. Tragedy expresses its affirmation of truth, goodness and beauty by revealing the inevitability of conflict and destroying valuable things. Hamlet won the moral victory over the old system and the old forces with his own death, tragic but not pessimistic, which made people feel a new life from the protagonist through the tragedy and saw a ray of light in dark kingdom.

Othello (one of Shakespeare's four tragedies)

Othello is one of the four tragedies of English playwright Shakespeare. It tells the story of Othello, a black general, falling in love with Desdemona, a beautiful and kind woman, and secretly getting married. Quinn, the flag bearer, was given the position of Cassio by Othello, so he was very resentful and decided to take revenge. He designed Cassio to be dismissed for violating military discipline, and encouraged Desdemona to plead with Othello, making Othello jealous because he suspected that his beloved wife was having an affair with Cassio, and strangled her personally. When Iago's wife exposed the plot, Othello drew his sword and fell on Desdemona. ...

King Lear

King Lear is also one of Shakespeare's four tragedies. It tells the story of King Lear, who is very old and wants to give his land to his three daughters. The eldest daughter Gonaril and the second daughter Reagan won his favor and got the land, while the youngest daughter Cordelia got nothing because she didn't want to kiss up. The king of France, who came to propose, had a good eye for pearls and married Cordelia as the queen. King Lear left his job, but the eldest daughter and the second daughter didn't give him a place to live, so the king had to go to the wild ... cordelia led the team to score, and the father and daughter reunited. But the war was unfavorable, Cordelia was killed, and King Lear died sadly with the body of his beloved little daughter.

Mcpace

Macbeth was originally a Scottish aristocrat. He is brave and good at fighting, and has won the respect of the people. On the way to the war, he met three witches and predicted that he would become a king. He was very moved. His wife is a woman with a heart like a snake. She is bent on the throne of the queen. With her encouragement, Macbeth, who was still very kind, finally lost his mind. When the king visited his home, he killed the king. Then he ascended the throne. Although he tried to cover up the truth, he finally let the wind out. The two princes fled abroad. Macbeth began to eradicate dissidents, and Scotland fell into a massacre. In the bloody battle, Macbeth and his wife were condemned by their own conscience. They live in fear. Finally, the two princes came back from abroad with their troops. Macbeth betrayed his family and committed suicide in despair.

A Midsummer Night's Dream

A simple, quiet and slow dream has brought us into a long-lost theme of humanistic care. Let's care for every life around us!

In the square in front of a big Renaissance house in Tuscany countryside, the wedding preparations for Duke theseus are proceeding in an orderly way. Two little people sneaked into the crowd and collected bits and pieces of property to be smuggled out.

His fiancee Hyperita was indifferent to the upcoming wedding, so the duke had to listen to an argument against arranged marriage: stubborn old Aetius betrothed his daughter Gomia to Demetrius, but she loved Lisanda and married him desperately.

The duke ordered the little palace to obey his father's arrangement, and the little palace decided to elope with his lover with a new invention-bicycle. But her good friend Helena, who loves Demetrius, warned about the plan. That night, the two lovers ran into the Woods, Demetrius rode a bike with them, and Helena chased after them.

There are a group of amateur actors in the Woods. They are workers in nearby villages. They are going to find a hidden place to rehearse the program. But even their star, Potter the weaver, is a very clumsy person, and his performance is very funny. They hope to perform this program at the duke's wedding in order to get some awards.

But neither lovers nor actors know that they are approaching the secret home of the elves in the dark jungle. Parker, an elf magician, exudes a powerful love potion, causing confusion among lovers.

The Merchant of Venice

The Merchant of Venice is one of Shakespeare's four comedies, written about 1596. The play describes Bassanio, a penniless young nobleman in Venice, who borrows money from his friend Antonio to propose to a rich heiress Portia. Antonio had to borrow money from Shylock, a Jewish usurer, because the cargo ship had not yet arrived in Hong Kong and was forced to sign a contract: Shylock would cut off a pound of meat from Antonio if he didn't repay it on time. Bassanio and Portia fell in love at first sight, but Antonio's cargo ship was in distress, and he would be fined to cut off a pound of meat when his debt expired. Portia resolutely disguised himself as a lawyer and went to Venice to rescue Antonio. In court, Portia refuted Shylock with amazing wisdom and won the lawsuit.

robinson crusoe

British young Robinson bid farewell to his family, crossed the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, and experienced countless dangers in his thrilling voyage. Later, the whole crew was unfortunately buried in the Pacific Ocean, and only he miraculously survived and came to an uninhabited island alone.

He got the enlightenment of life from the gap of despair and spent decades on an isolated island in an instant. He worked and lived on an isolated island, reclaimed wasteland, raised livestock, and produced rice and wheat. He kept company with loneliness year after year and overcame all kinds of difficulties that ordinary people could not overcome. He once fought against beasts and savages who ate human flesh. The whole novel is bizarre, true and fascinating, and it is a popular classic with ideological, literary and artistic description of tramps.

Gulliver's Travels

Gulliver's Travels is an outstanding English writer in the18th century. The masterpiece Swift (1667— 1745) is a travelogue satire novel. The novel mainly tells the story of Gulliver, a heroic surgeon, who was killed at sea and went to several places.

A fictional country, what I saw and heard in those countries. The first volume tells the story that Gulliver capsized during the voyage and became a prisoner in Lilliput. In Lilliput, he first helped them pull out their enemy ships to repay their debts and made great contributions, but gradually he became dissatisfied with the king's endless ambitions and fled to the other country. The second volume describes that he came back from another lilliputian country, unfortunately met with a powerful storm, was abandoned to a desert island, was "picked up" by a giant rich farmer, became a cash cow, tortured in every way, and was dying, and finally sold to the Queen as a plaything by his master. When he went to the seaside with a waiter, he was taken away as food by an eagle and was rescued on the way. The third volume describes that his ship was attacked by pirates, was exiled to the sea because of "rude remarks" and drifted with the wind, and then described the strange "clap your hands", "the voice of the sky", strange design institutes and ink biscuits in the flying island. The colorful phenomena really feast the eyes of readers. Through the bizarre experiences and encounters of the protagonist, the work reflects the author's keen observation of the British capitalist system at that time, reveals the darkness of the British capitalist political system, the face of the expanding careerist and the cruelty to the domestic people, and strongly advocates that people should live "down-to-earth" and not cling to the dreams that may be realized in the future, which has far-reaching influence.

A Tale of Two Cities

Dr. Magnet was framed and imprisoned because he had evidence of the bad behavior of the violent Marquis. After spending many years in prison, she was released and took her beautiful daughter Lucy to live in London. But lawyer Caton met Lucy by chance, and gradually developed a selfish relationship. According to the information obtained from the investigation, I know that she has been with Charlie, a French fugitive aristocrat who is in England? Danny is engaged. Deni is the nephew of the Marquis and comes from a noble family. Therefore, it was learned by the turbulent society at that time that he would be arrested by the new revolutionary government. Because he left France against the violence of the French nobility, which made Caton appreciate, and Caton himself was a man with strong chivalry, so he abandoned his affair and helped them combine. Dr Magnet takes care of Dauffard Zi and his wife, especially Mrs Dauffard Zi who runs a bar. Because the family had been humiliated by the marquis, it cursed the ordinary nobles very much. So he advocated "freedom, equality and fraternity" for ordinary women, took the lead in shouting out the needs of the revolution to incite the people, and eventually led to the arrest of Cabel, the servant of the Marquis, and his daughter Mary. Denit was very angry when he learned of this unreasonable arrest, but he went to Paris to rescue them, but as expected, he was also arrested. Later, due to the strong testimony of Dr. Magnet, he was once acquitted. However, Mrs. Farz, who still resents the nobility, quoted the secret documents written by Dr. Magnet in prison to prove that she is the blood of the Marquis. In view of this, the revolutionary government should be sentenced to death. The sound of execution on the guillotine is very frightening. For Lucy, who is about to lose her husband, the sadness of her mood can be imagined. Caton also intends to end his long-term wandering life and rescue her husband for Lucy. When he found that he looked exactly like Dernette, he tried to go to prison and save Dernette's life by replacing her.

Tess of the d 'Urbervilles

One night in late May, a priest who investigated the genealogy of residents in this area in order to write a new county chronicle told John? D 'Urberville: He is descended from the ancient warrior family D 'Urberville in this area. The sudden news made the poor rural vendor dance with joy. He whimsically asked his eldest daughter Tess, aged 65,438+07, to marry a rich old lady nearby, dreaming of getting rid of financial difficulties.

In fact, the old lady d 'Urberville has nothing to do with this ancient warrior family. Her family is a nouveau riche who started from usury and moved here from the north. This surname was also found in the museum. When Tess came to her house, Alec, the son of the D 'Urbervilles boss, saw that the girl was beautiful, so he pretended to be kind and let Tess raise chickens in his house. Three months later, Alec raped her

Tess despised Alec greatly after losing her virginity. She came back to her parents with mental and physical trauma and found herself pregnant. Not only did she not get social sympathy, but she was ridiculed and accused. The baby died shortly after birth, and Tess decided to change her environment and work in a dairy factory in the south.

At the dairy, she met 26-year-old Angel? Clay. He was born in a rich family of priests, but refused to follow the wishes of his father and brother and inherit the mantle of priests. In order to stand on his own feet, he was willing to give up the opportunity to go to college and come here to learn the technology of raising cattle. In their work, Tess and Angel developed mutual affection. When Angel's parents suggested that he marry a rich girl with a good family, he flatly refused. On the other hand, Tess's thoughts are very contradictory. She likes Angel's integrity, independence and concern for her, and she is ashamed to be his wife. But the strong love finally overcame the past regrets, and she married Angel.

On their wedding night, Tess made up her mind to tell Angel the truth of her "sin". But when she ended the past with Alec Angel, these seemingly open-minded people? Clay didn't forgive her, but turned against her and went across the ocean to Brazil alone, even though he had lived with an unknown woman himself.

Deserted Tess was heartbroken. She was lonely, sorry, indignant and desperate, but she had to endure humiliation and pain for the sake of the whole family's life. At the same time, she still holds a glimmer of hope, expecting her husband to change his mind and return to her side.

One day, on Tess's way back from Angel's house, she found that Alec, who had ruined her virginity, had become a priest, stressing morality and humanity. Alec also pestered Tess and shamelessly tried to live with her. Tess was angry and afraid, and immediately wrote a long letter to her husband, begging Clay to come back to protect herself.

Clay suffered from poverty and disease in Brazil, and he also went through hardships. He regretted the reckless behavior of abandoning Tess at that time and decided to go back to England to make up with Tess. But then something happened in Tess's family: her father died suddenly, the house was taken back by the owner, and the whole family had nowhere to live and no life. At this difficult juncture, Alec took advantage of it and lured Tess to live with him with money. Clay's return, like a sword, awakened Tess from a coma. In desperation, she killed Alec herself and chased Clay. They spent a few days on the Yuan Ye in the desert, enjoying the life of escape. Finally, at a quiet dawn, Tess was arrested and hanged; Clay obeyed Tess's wishes and started a new life with Tess's sister with regret.

Jude the obscure

Among all Hardy's novels, The Unknown Attack on Germany is another novel with a long time span. At the beginning of the story, the protagonist is only eleven years old, his parents are dead, he is poor and lonely, but his ambition to make progress has been deeply buried in his young mind. He started as a page in a country bakery and later became an apprentice to a stonemason. After hard work, he groped for self-study, removed many obstacles, and came to the Christian temple (referring to Oxford) which he regarded as the holy land of knowledge. However, as a stonemason, he can only wander outside the gate of Guangsha Deep Courtyard of an institution of higher learning for a long time. He just turned 30 and died before his ambition was rewarded. The experience of attacking Germany this time is a reflection of a generation of knowledgeable young workers demanding to change the status quo after the gradual popularization of rural education in Britain in the second half of the19th century. As an icon craftsman who inherited his father's footsteps, Shu is also a young woman with a normal education, and her social status is similar to Jude's. But as a woman, her thoughts and words reflected the budding feminist movement in Britain at that time. In temperament, she accepted the new trend of thought more keenly and radically than Jude. Not as brave as the evil forces. In real life, this type of young men and women have always been successful through self-struggle, but in the end it is rare; Under normal circumstances, it is always restricted by the social conditions at that time, and it is difficult to achieve even at a high and painful price. Hardy created this pair of losers with his self-proclaimed "sincere" novelist attitude, which itself has a kind of social criticism.

Jane Eyre

Jane? Love is/kloc-Charlotte, a famous British woman writer in the 0/9th century. Bronte's masterpiece, the whole book won by its touching portrayal of the struggle history of a Cinderella-like character, is a masterpiece of women's literature, a must-read classic for women who can read novels all over the world, and has a powerful artistic power that shocks their hearts.

Jane? The uniqueness of love lies not only in the authenticity and strong appeal of the novel, but also in the rich lyrical brushwork and profound and delicate psychological description of the novel, which shows the ups and downs of the love experience of the hero and heroine and shapes a female image that is independent and enterprising and unyielding to secular pressure. She despised the arrogance of powerful people, laughed at their stupidity, and showed independent personality and beautiful ideals. The idea expressed in the novel, that is, women do not want to be assigned their position by society, but demand independence and equality in work and marriage, was unusual at that time and was also a great shock to the British literary world.

France:

Strange adventure stories in honeymoon.

In China, La Traviata is one of the most familiar and favorite foreign literary masterpieces. As early as 100 years ago, after the famous translator Lin Shu translated and published the novel La Traviata's Legacy in Paris in classical Chinese, the love story between Margaret and Armand spread rapidly among readers in China and was deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

La Traviata is the first masterpiece of Dumas. The humanitarian thought expressed in the novel embodies the true feelings of human beings, the care, tolerance and respect between people, and the love for human nature. This kind of thought and feeling aroused people's * * * and was widely welcomed.

Eugenie Grandet

Eugénie? Grandet is an outstanding human comedy by Balzac, the founder and outstanding representative of European critical realism literature. The story unfolds in the daily life of the family, with no sensational events or legends. As the author himself said, it is "an ordinary tragedy without poison, sharp knife and bleeding", and its tragic procedure is no less than that of classical tragedy.

Balzac's masterpiece describes the evil means of the bourgeois nouveau riche, profoundly exposes the greedy nature of the bourgeoisie and the evil of capitalist society, and shapes the world-famous miser image of Grandet. It is said that this novel is the product of Balzac's love affair with Russian lady Hanska who later became his wife. Balzac himself cherishes this novel, calling it "one of the best paintings". For more than 100 years, this work has exerted great influence on the development of world literature and the progress of mankind with its own unique literary aesthetic value. Marx and Engels praised Balzac as an "outstanding novelist".

Les Misérables

In Les Miserables, Hugo showed the cruel reality that capitalist society enslaved working people and forced them into prostitution with outstanding artistic charm. Hugo's masterpiece has created a long historical story reflecting the social and political life of modern France. The book spans nearly half a century, and the combination of personal destiny and historical themes is magnificent and colorful, which embodies Hugo's extraordinary talent in narrative to the maximum extent.

The Count of Monte Cristo

The author of The Count of Monte Cristo is the French writer Dumas (1802- 1870). Dumas was born in an officer's family and worked as the duke's secretary. At first, he was mainly engaged in drama creation, and began to write historical novels in the mid-1930s, among which three musketeers was a great success and became the most popular French novelist.

The main plot of "The Count of Monte Cristo" is ups and downs and twists and turns, from which several minor plots have evolved. The episode is compact and wonderful, but it does not usurp the role of the host. The plot is bizarre, but it doesn't go against the truth of life. As far as structure is concerned, this novel leads to several main characters. The story of the protagonist being framed is written in the front, and the story of revenge is written in the back. The context is clear, the three lines of revenge do not cross randomly, and they meet only after maintaining a certain independence. So the Count of Monte Cristo is a recognized model in popular novels. After the novel was published, it quickly won the favor of readers, was translated into dozens of languages and published, and was made into movies many times in France and the United States. 100 years, this book has countless readers.

Notre Dame Cathedral

Victor, author of the novel Notre Dame de Paris? Hugo (1802- 1885) was a famous French poet, novelist, literary critic and political commentator in the 9th century. He is also an innovator of poetry, the founder of romantic drama and one of the favorite writers of the French people. Hugo created many works in his life, covering various literary genres, including poetry, drama, novel, literary theory, political theory and so on. The whole work is full of humanitarian passion.

Notre Dame de Paris artistically reproduces the historical truth of how the court and the church colluded to oppress the people and how the people fought bravely with the two forces during the rule of King Louis Xi of France more than 400 years ago. In the novel, the rebellious gypsy girl Esmeralda and the ugly disabled quasimodo are presented to the readers as the embodiment of true beauty, while what people see in the vice bishop Floru and the noble soldier Phobos is cruel, empty mind and sinful lust. The author organically links touching stories with vivid and rich drama scenes, which makes this novel extremely readable. The novel is full of romanticism and uses comparative writing techniques. This is an artistic model using the principle of romantic contrast. The publication of this novel made Hugo's reputation even louder.

Madame Bovary

Flaubert (182 1- 1880), the author of Madame Bovary, is a master of French realistic literature and one of the three giants in the history of French novels in the19th century. Flaubert was born into a family of doctors, studied law in Paris and dropped out of school due to illness. Flaubert's background has a great influence on his writing: he is used to scalpels, does not believe in religion and worships truth, which is fully reflected in his novels. He lived on a rich legacy and devoted himself to literary creation. He lives a single life.

Madame Bovary is Flaubert's masterpiece. Through the experience of Emma, a passionate woman, the author reproduces the social life of France in the middle of the19th century. The artistic form of Madame Bovary makes it a new turning point in modern novels. Since the publication of Madame Bovary, novelists know that even novels should be carefully crafted. This is not only a model novel, but also a model essay. However, Madame Bovary also brought trouble to the author. Many people sat down and criticized Flaubert's book "Destroying social morality and religion". He was also circulated by the court: it turned out that he was accused of "indecency". At this time, many readers expressed sympathy and support for Flaubert, and even the romantic writers who had always opposed him defended him. In court, after a heated debate, the writer was acquitted-this shows the influence of Madame Bovary.

John? Christophe

"John? Is Christophe a Roman? Roland's masterpiece. The protagonist John? Christophe is the image of a petty-bourgeois democratic intellectual who rebelled against society.

Christophe's personality characteristics are mainly manifested through his three life stages. He lived in Germany in his early years and showed outstanding musical talent in his childhood and adolescence. However, his humble background made him feel the hardships of life and social injustice from an early age and began to form a sense of resistance. Young musicians despise feudal nobles, hate bourgeois nouveau riche, and don't want them to appreciate art as a plaything, but he is also rejected and attacked by society. Later, he was forced to go into exile in France because of his bravery in saving lives and killing people without blinking an eye. After arriving in Paris, he witnessed the degeneration of the Paris literary world and even the whole society and felt very disappointed. In order to maintain the purity of art and personal dignity, he resolutely attacked the French art world. However, his resistance is always lonely, and the only one who understands and supports him is his good friend Olivier. Christophe's social status made him sympathize with the lower class, but his personal heroism and misjudgment of the role of art prevented him from combining with the people well and finding spiritual strength from it. His good friend Olivier was injured and died in the May Day demonstration, which was a heavy blow to Christophe. Since then, he has escaped the struggle. In his later years, Christophe reflected on his life and stopped asking about the world. He indulged in love, compromised with reality, reconciled with his former enemies, devoted himself to religious music creation, and died in pursuit of inner harmony.

In the novel, Christophe has a sincere, persistent, strong character and a strong rebellious spirit. The work attempts to portray this image as a hero above the vulgar bourgeois society. There is no doubt that Christophe's resistance has positive significance, but his ideological limitations have plunged him into profound contradictions and led to the failure of personal resistance. Christophe's life course of resistance, failure, vacillation and disillusionment contains rich social contents. It profoundly summed up the mental outlook of petty-bourgeois intellectuals with democratic ideas at the end of 19 and the beginning of the 20th century, widely reflected the reality and contradictions of European capitalist society in this period, and sharply criticized the destruction of decadent culture on real art. ..

"John? Christophe created the artistic genre of "Long River Novel". The work takes the protagonist's life as the main clue and constitutes the basic plot. Although the minor characters have their own unique fate and experiences, they always echo the main line. The whole work is like a big river composed of many tributaries, running endlessly. " John? Christophe is also a "musical novel", not only because it tells the life of a musician, but also because the whole novel is full of musical colors. The protagonist's emotions, joys and sorrows are skillfully woven into a symphony-like melody, forming a harmonious and perfect whole.

The works also use a lot of symbolic techniques to make the symphony more colorful. When the protagonist was born, the booming Rhine was accompanied by the baby's crying. In childhood, the clear piano melody of the protagonist when learning violin and composing music blended with the sound of the Rhine from time to time; When the hero's spirit oscillates or his creative thoughts roll, it is often intertwined with the sound of the Rhine. On his deathbed, the hero saw the Rhine again in his dream, and his mind reached harmony. The Rhine River, sometimes calm and sometimes turbulent, has become a symbol of the artist's tenacious struggle throughout his life. The main characters in the work are all symbolic: John? Christophe is a symbol of strength, while Olivier and Gloria symbolize French idealism and Italian artistic beauty respectively. The friendship and love of the three constitute the ideal humanitarian world that the author pursues, which is full of vitality, free from old habits and harmonious and beautiful.

Japan:

Genji monogatari