What is the principle of handmade soap?

The principle of handmade soap is very simple, which is a basic reflection of chemistry. Oil+sodium hydroxide+water = soap+glycerol.

It is a pleasure to make handmade soap by yourself, but it involves a raw material, sodium hydroxide, which can be bought in chemical stores. It is corrosive, so it needs to concentrate and be careful when making, and bring plastic gloves, goggles, masks and aprons. When you are well protected, there is nothing to worry about.

Preparation tools: stainless steel pot (as a reactor), balance, thermometer (100℃), glass or plastic cup (measuring sodium hydroxide), heat-resistant glass (dissolving sodium hydroxide), stainless steel spoon (stirring when dissolving sodium hydroxide), stainless steel eggbeater (stirring when oil reacts with sodium hydroxide), model (washed and dried milk box, moon cake box, etc. ), used for.

Raw materials: oil, sodium hydroxide, distilled water/purified water, essential oil (optional), petals (optional), honey, etc. (optional).

Common oils and fats can be olive oil, coconut oil, palm oil, sweet almond oil, camellia oil, shea butter and so on. The saponification value of each oil is different (the quality of alkali needed to saponify 1g oil into soap), so the correct amount of sodium hydroxide should be calculated after oil selection. Novices can use a single oil, and coconut oil can be used for the first training. The saponification value of coconut oil is 0. 19. For example, if you prepare 100g coconut oil for soap, you need 19g sodium hydroxide. Sodium hydroxide needs to be dissolved in pure water in a flexible proportion, but too little will make the finished product too hard and too much will make the reaction too slow. Generally speaking, the amount of water is about 2.5 times that of sodium hydroxide. For example, 100g coconut oil requires 19g sodium hydroxide and 48g water.

Production: 1: Wear gloves, goggles, masks and aprons;

2: measure distilled water;

3, measuring sodium hydroxide;

4. In a ventilated place, add a small amount of sodium hydroxide to the water for several times, gently stirring each time until it is dissolved. Placing and cooling;

5: Measure the oil in stainless steel pot, heat it to about 35-40 degrees in water, and cool the sodium hydroxide solution to 35-38 degrees (it can be heated in water if it is too cold);

6: slowly pour the sodium hydroxide solution into the grease and stir it quickly with an egg beater;

7: Stir until the soap solution thickens, which is probably a bit like a thin yogurt. Choose to add additives such as essential oil, petals and honey; Stir evenly until the surface of the soap liquid is scratched by the egg beater, and the number 8 can be clearly written on it, that is, when it is in a trace state, stop stirring, pour the soap liquid into the model, and seal the plastic wrap;

8: put it in an incubator (foam box or closed thick carton) 18 to 24 hours;

9: Take out the mold and cut into pieces, and air-dry the soap for 3 to 4 weeks (or longer, depending on the formula) until it is mature.