What is agricultural informatization?

First, the informationization of agricultural production process

The informationization of agricultural production process includes the informationization of agricultural infrastructure equipment and the full automation of agricultural technology operation;

Informatization of agricultural infrastructure equipment: For example, in farmland irrigation projects, the time and flow of water pumping by pumps and drainage by ditches are all automatically controlled by information transmission and computers. The monitoring, adjustment and control of the changes of internal factors in the storage of agricultural products are completely operated by computer information system. The measurement, control and action of the feeding environment of livestock and poultry sheds can be controlled automatically or remotely.

agricultural technology operation is fully automated:

1? Automation of crop cultivation management. Now the multimedia wheat management system (WMS) and cotton production management system (COTMAS) developed in China can be applied to production. For example, when fertilizing crops, an automatic nutrient tester can be set up in the field or various probes can be set up to obtain data at regular intervals for automatic indoor determination, and the data can be analyzed by a computer to determine fertilization time, fertilization amount and fertilization method, and automatic fertilization can be realized by using remote control automatic fertilization machines in the field or combining with irrigation water. Other farming management measures are similar.

2 ? Informatization and automatic control of crop pest control. Set up a monitoring information system in the field, send out a forecast through the information network, use computer model analysis to determine the control time and method, and adopt automatic control machines or biological control methods or integrated control methods to effectively control pests and diseases. The third is the informationization and automation of livestock and poultry feeding management. The metabolism status of livestock can be sent out in time by a microcomputer embedded in livestock, and the requirements of livestock for feeding conditions can be judged by computer simulation operation, so that formula feed can be automatically delivered in time and scientific feeding can be realized.

the second is the informationization of the circulation process of agricultural products

Building a new wholesale market for agricultural products. Actively expand the information network and electronic settlement of the wholesale market and other modern trading methods. Strengthen the development and popularization of post-harvest processing, storage and preservation technologies of agricultural products, vigorously develop agricultural products processing technologies and agricultural cost-saving and efficiency-increasing technologies, and develop high-quality, high-yield and efficient agriculture.

use information technology to establish a network system that can provide information on policies, markets, resources, technology and life, timely and accurately provide farmers with policy information, technical information, price information, production information, inventory information and meteorological information, provide medium-and long-term market forecast and analysis, guide and help farmers arrange production and operation according to market demand, and solve the contradiction between scattered small-scale farmers' production and unified big market; Using information technology can also integrate agriculture into the competition of economic globalization; Combine strong and excellent agricultural enterprises to form a great advantage of transnational competition; We can develop online trade and directly establish a fast trading channel for agricultural products and agricultural services trade. Therefore, it can be said that information technology is the key to promote agricultural industrialization and then promote agricultural modernization.

Take the whole country and even the whole world as a unified big market through network and information technology, and organize scattered farmers and agriculture-related departments into a big system. Agricultural products trade is conducted online, farmers negotiate online, and transactions are realized online, which reduces the sales cost of agricultural products; Through online information analysis and experts' scientific prediction, farmers can get market information and development forecast analysis online, and get agricultural production orders online, which reduces the blindness of agricultural production; Using computer network technology, agricultural producers can form alliances with different industries, * * * with management, * * * with brand building, stabilize market share and constantly expand new markets.

third, informatization of agricultural management process

networking of agricultural management information: first, establishing a computer decision support system suitable for the specific situation of the farm and making simulated decisions in time. Second, by entering the information network of townships, counties, provinces and even the whole country and the whole world, we can know the market information and policy information in time, choose to produce and sell our own products reasonably according to market demand, so as to give play to our own advantages and obtain the best economic benefits. Third, by entering the external information network, we can widely obtain all kinds of advanced scientific and technological information, choose and learn the most applicable advanced technologies, equip our own farms, and constantly improve the land productivity and labor productivity of farms in order to obtain the best production benefits.

the agricultural management service system mainly adapts to the requirements of national informatization development and e-government construction, implements the construction of agricultural e-government, develops and builds a network office system, establishes an open agricultural government management database, realizes the network processing of agricultural administrative examination and approval and market supervision and management, enhances the transparency of government management, and improves the efficiency of government departments.

agriculture is an industry that takes land as the basic means of production, and makes use of plants' own photosynthetic capacity and local light, heat and water resources to engage in biological production. Because China has a vast land, complex natural conditions, frequent meteorological and biological disasters, small and scattered farmers, and thousands of years of traditional experience, it shows the characteristics and weakness of production dispersion, strong regionality, time-varying, low controllability and stability, and strong experience but poor quantification, standardization and integration. Advanced information collection, processing and transmission technology will effectively overcome the decentralized and miniaturized industrial weakness of agricultural production; Powerful computing power, intelligent technology and software technology make the extremely complex and changeable production factors in agricultural production quantitative, standardized and integrated, and improve the weakness of large spatial and temporal changes and strong experience; The combination of information technology with aerospace remote sensing technology (RS), agricultural geographic information system technology (AGIS) and global positioning system (GPS) has greatly strengthened the macro-monitoring and early warning of agricultural resources, ecological environment, production conditions, meteorology, biological disasters and production conditions, improved the controllability, stability and accuracy of agricultural production, and implemented scientific and effective macro-management of agricultural production process.

the fourth is the informationization of rural social services

The improvement of farmers' lives is expanding the field of life consumption provided by modern information technology. County-level cultural and entertainment media in some developed areas have realized the integration of TV network, radio network and computer internet. Farmers can use these media to learn about the social, economic, scientific and technological trends at home and abroad. Where conditions permit, they can learn about the development trends of agriculture, farmers and rural life at home and abroad through the Internet, which can also enrich farmers' cultural and entertainment life, provide a broad new world for rural children's study and life, and play a role in guiding farmers' life and rural social activities.

combined with the current situation, it is an important way to promote rural reform, development and stability to apply informatization to the establishment and improvement of the mechanism for preventing and handling sudden public crises in rural society.

agricultural informatization refers to the use of modern information technology and information systems to provide effective information support for agricultural production, supply and marketing and related management and services, and to improve the comprehensive productivity and management efficiency of agriculture. Agricultural informatization is an important content of agricultural modernization; It is an important way for agriculture to adapt to the market economy; It is a powerful means to improve the comprehensive agricultural productivity; It is an important way for the government to effectively manage agriculture. The contribution rate of the information industry to the gross national product in the United States exceeds 5%, and the number of employees in the information industry also exceeds 5%. What is more striking is that the intensity of agricultural informatization in the United States is 81.6% higher than that in industry, while that in China is 288.9% lower than that in industry.