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The Characteristics and History of Yue Opera

Yue Opera originated in Shengzhou City, Zhejiang Province (formerly Shengxian County).

The predecessor of Yue Opera is the songbook on the ground.

1906, the floor-to-floor songbook was put on the stage, which experienced several stages, such as little brother class, Shaoxing Wenxi male class, Shaoxing Wenxi female class and women's Shaoxing opera. From Shengzhou to Shanghai, it has developed into a local opera with national influence.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, under the guidance of the Party's literary policy, and with the efforts of Yue Opera artists, Yue Opera won the audience's love with its true and delicate performances, euphemistic singing and beautiful lyrical style, which promoted its own prosperity and development and became a national major drama.

Sing a book on the ground

During the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty (1851-1861), some farmers in Shengzhou began to "sing books along the door" with folk rap arts such as Tiantou rap and folk songs.

And created "Four Works of Harmony".

During the Tongzhi period (1862- 1874), "singing books along the door" gradually changed from standing in front of others to singing in halls and teahouses, which was called "singing books on the ground", which was an important auxiliary means for farmers in Shengzhou to make a living at that time.

With more and more artists singing books, the area of singing books has expanded to Ningbo, Shaoxing, Jinhua and other places, and the way of singing books has also moved from the ground to the stage, becoming a "walking book."

During this period, the above-ground libretto, along-the-door libretto and on-stage libretto coexisted, which was commonly known as "the above-ground libretto" in the history of Yue Opera.

Singing Di Shu is a folk art created by farmers in Shengzhou, and its popularity laid the foundation for the birth of Yue Opera.

Small board

1in the spring of 906, at the request of the audience, book singers from Shengzhou, Yuxiang and Yuhang began to rap on a simple stage made of rice barrels and wooden boards, with one person in charge.

For any role, rap is changed to singing for the first time.

In the same year, in Tomb-Sweeping Day, the artist once again staged in his hometown of Dongwang Village, Ganlin, causing a sensation in the north and south of the country.

In less than a year, almost all artists in China performed on stage and formally established a troupe.

A new kind of drama was born in Shengzhou.

At that time, there were several names for such a troupe, one called "Little Brother Class" and the other called "Dedu Class" (named after the percussion music of "Dedu").

In the future, some people also called it "playing opera" or "sheng opera"

When Xiaoquban first appeared, it was relatively rough and simple in art.

Dramas are all singing books or transplanting brother dramas; Singing without strings,

Only the letters board, Benedict board and Jin'gangtui Rock Rock are supported by human voice.

However, "Xiaoqu Class" has a strong flavor of life and distinctive local colors, which can attract audiences with vivid plots and humorous language and show strong vitality.

Shaoxing opera

Since the birth of 1906, Little Brother Class has continuously absorbed the nutrition of Tan Yao, Shaoxing Daban and other operas, and has continuously enriched and developed its stage performance, aria and repertoire.

The performances range from rural areas to cities, from Shaoxing, Hangzhou and Ningbo to Shanghai.

192 1 year, the declared advertisement began to call the little brother class "Shaoxing Cultural Opera".

This name has been used for more than ten years.

Because the troupe was almost all actors at first, and then gradually became actresses, there were also "Shaoxing Wenxi Male Class" and "Shaoxing Wenxi Female Class".

In the "Big World" of Shanghai, there are many women's classes that perform with Yue Opera literature and Yue Opera at the same time, such as "Women's New Drama", "Women's Flexibility" and "Women's Sutan".

The appearance of women on the stage was well received by the audience, which also influenced and impacted Shaoxing Wenxi male voice class.

Artists' idea of setting up Shaoxing literary and opera girls' class began to take shape.

By February, 1923, south bank of Tongxi

Shangbixi (now in Chengguan Town) is a pilot class for women.

In May of the same year, Shi Jia Ao in Cangyan Town officially opened a women's class, which was a success, and famous actors such as Shi, Shen Xingmei, Zhao Ruihua and Tu Xinghua emerged.

This class is called the first female class in the history of Yue Opera.

It took six years from the beginning to the dissolution, which opened the way for the rise and development of women's Yue Opera.

1929, girls' classes on both sides of Tunxi River have mushroomed.

After leaving the company, he performed in urban and rural areas of Zhejiang, especially in Hangjiahu-Ningbo area.

The history of Yue Opera in this period is generally called "Shaoxing Female Opera Troupe".

Compared with "Xiaoqu Class", "Shaoxing Literary Opera" has been greatly improved in art, with performers singing with strings, moving through the door with the sound of gongs and drums, and performing with a special band. Stage performance began to be stylized, and the performance also had its own characteristics.

Women's Yue Opera

In the mid-1930s, women's classes in rural areas of Shengzhou (county) (Shaoxing literature and drama girls' classes) were very popular.

According to the statistics of 1935, among the 400,000 people in China, there are more than 20,000 women.

Class performances, the total number of female classes reached more than 200.

By 1938, the Japanese invaders invaded Zhejiang, and a large number of people from Shaoxing and Ningbo went to Shanghai to escape chaos and make a living, providing a large audience for the female class to perform in Shanghai.

Since then, "Shaoxing Female Troupe" has swarmed into Shanghai, and its influence has gradually expanded. Newspapers and advertisements began to call it "Yue Opera".

In fact, the word "Yue Opera" appeared as early as 1925, but it was not used much. I've been hanging out with Shaoxing Literature and Opera, Dedu Class and Little Brother Class for a long time.

After the women's class settled in Shanghai, Yao Shuijuan and other artists began to implement the scriptwriting system, which caused a sensation in Shanghai and played a role in opening up the situation for the vigorous development of Yue Opera.

The name "Yue Opera" has been further accepted by the audience, media and actors, replacing other names.

1942, under the advocacy of a group of actors represented by Yuan Xuefen, Yue Opera set off a comprehensive reform of Yue Opera, established a director system, put Lu Xun's Blessing on the stage, and successfully performed Sister Xianglin.

During this period, a large number of new dramas emerged, and "Governing the Tone" and "Descending the String" were created, and "Women's Yueju Opera" entered a brand-new stage.

After the founding of New China, under the care and attention of the Party, Yue Opera organized artists to carry out the "three reforms" study centered on "substitution, restructuring and drama change", and participated in national, East China and Zhejiang opera performances, thus embarking on a period of all-round prosperity and development.

The performances of Yue Opera are almost all over the country and go to the world. By France, Germany, the United States, the Soviet Union, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and other domestic and European and American countries, as well as North Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia, Hong Kong and Macao audience welcome, with international.

It attracted the attention of cultural circles and became a major national drama.

During this period, a large number of new dramas emerged, and hundreds of dramas appeared on the screen; There are many new talents in Yue Opera, who are active on the stage. There are many schools of singing in Yue Opera, which makes the art of Yue Opera more colorful.

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