What is suona used for?

It is a musical instrument. It's for fun.

The suona is also called trumpet, and the small suona is called Haidi. Suona, there are eight holes (the first seven and the last one) in the wooden cone. The upper end of the tube is equipped with a thin copper tube, which is sheathed with a double-spring reed whistle, and the upper end of the wooden tube is equipped with a copper bowl-shaped speaker. Although the suona has eight holes, the sound of the seventh hole is the same as that of the drum, and the sound of the eighth hole is the same as that of the first hole.

Edit the introduction of this paragraph.

Surna is a national wind instrument in China, which was introduced from Persia. In the murals of Qizil Grottoes and Temples in Xinjiang during the Western Jin Dynasty, there were pictures of suona playing, which was circulated among the people in China at the latest in the16th century. Suona is bright in tone and loud in volume. This pipe is made of wood and shaped like a cone. The upper end is equipped with a copper tube with a whistle, and the lower end is covered with a copper bell (called a bowl). So it's also called trumpet. In Taiwan Province Province, it is called Advocacy, and in Guangdong, it is also called "Eight Tones". Folk musical instruments widely circulated in China. The pronunciation is loud and clear. In the past, it was mostly used to accompany folk song blowing parties, yangko parties, drum music classes and local folk operas. Through continuous development, it has enriched the playing skills and improved the expressive force, and has become a unique solo instrument, which is used for national band ensemble or opera, song and dance accompaniment.

Edit the historical origin of this paragraph.

The original suona is a musical instrument that spread in Persia and Arabia. Even the name Suona is a transliteration of ancient Persian Surnā. Suona appeared in China in the 3rd century, and the image of playing suona can be found in the geisha music murals in Cave 38 of Qizil Grottoes in Baicheng, Xinjiang. In the Jin and Yuan Dynasties more than 700 years ago, it spread to the Central Plains of China. In the Ming Dynasty, there were records about suona in ancient books: during the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty (1506 ~ 152 1), suona was widely used in China. Qi Jiguang (1527 ~ 1587), a military commander in the Ming Dynasty, used suona in military music. He said in the Five Inscriptions of Ji Xiaoshu's Heart: "Whoever plays the trumpet is playing the suona." A more detailed record can be found in the Three Stories Painting Society edited by Wang Qi in the Ming Dynasty (published in 1607): suona is made of a seven-hole trumpet; Both ends are made of copper, and the pipe is made of wood. I don't know when it originated, but it is also a pleasure to be in the army. Nowadays, people use it more. In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Pan's Ode to the Horn Emperor is the best article to describe the suona: "Trumpet, big and small, big cavity. The official ship is in a mess, and the price increase depends on you. The army worries about the army, and the people are afraid of the army. Where can we judge officials? Is it true?/You don't say. Seeing this, I blew the house down and hurt that one. I just blew the water away. " In the late Ming Dynasty, suona played an important role in China traditional opera music, which was used to accompany singing and cut cards. In folk instrumental music based on traditional opera music, suona has also become an indispensable instrument. In the Qing Dynasty, suona was called "Surnai" and was included in the court's "Guibu Qu". Nowadays, suona has become one of the musical instruments widely used by people of all ethnic groups in China. China attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, suona art was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

Editing this paragraph is very popular.

Suona is a folk wind instrument with a long history, wide spread, rich skills and strong expressive force in China. Its pronunciation is cheerful and bold, loud and clear, soft and firm. It is one of the national musical instruments deeply loved and welcomed by the broad masses of the people. Widely used in wedding, funeral, marriage, ceremony, music, ceremony, sacrifice, Yangko Festival and other folk rituals. According to historical records, suona spread in Persia and was introduced to China in Jin and Yuan Dynasties. According to written records, Ming Zhengde? Point 1506- 152 1? In the snow year, there was a sentence in Wang Xilou's lyrics: "Suona Suona, turn it down." During the Hongzhi period of the Ming Dynasty, North Korea wrote in the Code of Music Studies: "The suona system and trumpet ... I don't know when they originated, but they are also a joy in the military and are often used by the people today." In the Ming Dynasty, suona was included in "Bubu Le", which was called "Surnai". There are more than 20 nationalities' suona popular in China, and its names are different in different epidemic areas: the Han nationality has many names such as suona, Dida, Haidi, trumpet, Jina, Wulawa, Nuanzi and pear. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, surnames, Deli, Dizi, Jinjiaokou and Nie appeared. : The Uighur name is Su Nai. However, suona is a worldwide musical instrument, which is distributed in more than 30 countries in Asia, Africa and Europe. Different countries also have different names: in Northeast Asia, it is called Tea Leaf Miro in Japan; North Korea and South Korea are called Taiping Xiao; Southeast Asian countries call it Sarah Sharuna; Dagestan, Georgia, Azerbaijan and Armenia in Central Asia are called Zurnai or Zurnai; Iran, India, Afghanistan and other countries in Suona South Asia are called Suona, Shana and Zurna respectively; Oman, Kuwait, Syria and other West Asian countries are called Sri; Egypt, Algeria and other countries in North Africa are called Mizmar, Zurna and Zukana respectively; In Europe, Romania, Yugoslavia and Albania are called Sulle, and Russia is called Zuna. Suona is a unified name in modern times.

Edit the register timbre of this paragraph.

The high-pitched suona in D is recorded according to the actual pitch with the high-pitched spectrum. Its total value domain is a( 1)-b(3), and the common value domain in the band is a( 1)-d(3). Suona's bass is bold and vigorous, and all kinds of skills are easy to play and expressive; The high-pitched area is tense and sharp, so use it with caution in the band.

Edit this qinyang suona

Qinyang suona is a wooden oboe instrument with loud, bright and rough sound quality, which is convenient to play and good at expressing passionate scenes and emotional atmosphere of great sadness and joy. 1606, Zhu Zaiyu, a musician in Qinyang, expounded the law of twelve averages by scientific methods, which solved the difficult problem of "entering the palace by rotating phases" in different dynasties, improved the pronunciation position of suona, and developed a "three-eye tube" on the basis of the eight-tone hole of suona, which made great contributions to the development of China national wind music. Zhu Zaiyu also served as the foreman of the suona performance in Qinyang. He founded the "Golden Drum Club" in Jiufeng Temple. Every year on the 23rd of September in the lunar calendar, suona classes from all over the country meet here. Under the influence of Zhu Zaiyu, suona classes in Huaiqing area gradually increased. The "Fun Club" and "Jia Family Class" in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and the "Ma Jin Class", "Mao Dan Class" and "Yinhe Class" in the Qing Dynasty had great influence in the local area. There is a saying in Qinyang that "a big sedan chair can't get married without blowing hemp" and "a woman with a good family and a husband can't get into a sedan chair without blowing Mao Dan". Qinyang suona can be divided into four schools and two schools as a whole. With the Qinhe River as the boundary, it is divided into Qinbei School and Qinnan School, with different styles of play. Suona was introduced to China in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. Suona: commonly known as "trumpet". Folk musical instruments are widely circulated in all parts of China. The pronunciation is loud and clear. In the past, it was mostly used to accompany folk song blowing parties, yangko parties, drum music classes and local folk operas. Through continuous development, it has enriched the playing skills and improved the expressive force, and has become a unique solo instrument, which is used for national band ensemble or opera, song and dance accompaniment.

Edit the characteristics of this paragraph

The traditional suona tube has eight holes, which are pressed by the index finger, middle finger, ring finger and little finger of the right hand and the thumb, index finger, middle finger and ring finger of the left hand (left and right can be changed according to different users) to control the pitch. The way of pronunciation is to put a reed flute (that is, reed) in your mouth and blow it hard to make it vibrate and sound. After being amplified by the vibration of wooden pipes and metal bowls, it becomes the sound of suona. Traditional suona can be divided into small suona (also known as sea flute), ordinary high-pitched suona and large suona according to the range and instrument size, but it can also be divided into various tonality suona (such as small suona in G, small suona in F and high-pitched suona in D). Generally speaking, Its range is from bass A to treble A (treble B is occasionally used, but it is difficult to play). Modern improved bass suona can generally be divided into treble suona, alto suona, bass suona, bass suona and so on. It is characterized by adding keys and semitone holes, and increasing range and range. Due to different regions and manufacturers, the shape and mode of pressing holes are also different. The most common keyed alto is suona, and the common range is generally 18 degrees. The greatest feature of the suona is that it can change the volume, pitch and timbre by controlling the whistle with its mouth, as well as the use of various techniques. On the one hand, it makes the pitch control of the suona very difficult, on the other hand, it makes the tone volume change greatly, and it can make the suona become a very expressive instrument by controlling the pitch to make a perfect sliding sound. Therefore, the adjustment of whistle has become an important technique for suona players. Besides the condition of whistle will affect labor saving and intonation, it is necessary to fine-tune whistle in different ways according to different tunes and timbre requirements.

Edit the accompaniment of this play.

The suona is a traditional musical instrument frequently used by China people since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and its appearance occasions are as follows: (1) Opera accompaniment: Many China operas will use the suona, especially in the north and southwest, and a few of the most popular Peking operas after the middle of the Qing Dynasty will also use the suona. (2) Performance of drum music, percussion and other instrumental music: Among them, drum music refers to the performance of percussion instruments accompanied by suona and other pipes. The most famous music is Shandong Advocacy, while percussion is a performance of wind and percussion instruments. The famous music types are Fan Shi gongs and drums, and East Zhejiang gongs and drums. This kind of instrumental performance often appears in various festivals or local fairs. (3) Folk song and dance music: used for accompaniment of songs and dances, such as tea-picking songs and dances in the south, and Yangko (also called Shehuo) in the north is mostly used for festivals and harvest occasions. (4) Other types of instrumental music: Chaozhou music, Beiguan music, Hakka Han music and a few Cantonese songs. These music usually appear in the form of indoor performances, but among them, Beiguan music often appears in outdoor weddings, funerals and festive occasions. (5) Music used in the court: instruments such as suona are used in elegant music dominated by ceremonies and drum music used in the army or showing the emperor's momentum. (But the names of some court instruments are difficult to distinguish from those of suona or French horn. )

Reform and application of editing this paragraph

Since modern times, the development of China music has been influenced by western music, and some reforms have been made in music form, content and musical instruments, and the suona has also been affected. (A) the status of the national orchestra (Chinese orchestra): Modern China established the national orchestra by imitating the western symphony orchestra. However, among Chinese traditional musical instruments, brass instruments are relatively scarce. When writing music, the suona, which was originally woodwind music, assumed the role of brass music in the symphony orchestra, so suona was mostly used for gorgeous paragraphs that needed momentum. However, due to the small range of traditional suona (especially the lack of bass range), the pitch of semitone is difficult to control, so we developed tenor suona with keys, tenor suona with keys, bass suona with keys and other instruments to make up for the shortage of bass in wind music. (2) The development of solo: Suona is more suitable for solo than playing in an orchestra because of its special timbre and rich expressive force. Modern instrument reformers were first adapted from traditional national instrumental music. One of the most famous suona musicians is Ren Tongxiang. Since 1960s+1950s, he has adapted many suona songs advocated by Shandong, the most famous of which is Hundred Birds in the Phoenix, which imitates the sounds of various birds. Since then, many folk-born suona performers have also engaged in the adaptation and creation of new solos. /kloc-After the 1990s, large-scale concertos gradually appeared, such as Guan Naizhong's Mulan Concerto (which absorbed the music of Henan Opera).

Edit this folk suona

People's wedding etiquette has a long history and has long been a major custom in the folk tradition, especially in rural areas. Those ancient rituals, the feelings of the elderly, lasted for many years, making people recall as if it was yesterday. There is a folk saying: marriage is a major event in life, so you should be happy and congratulate. Even Xiao Bai should have the right to do something popular, and there must be a lively atmosphere. Therefore, suona craftsmen and drummers were very popular at that time. Far away, a group of suona artists in Nanchong have been thriving for quite some time. For example, in the 1950s and 1960s, rural families in the suburbs wanted to make a scene when they celebrated holidays.

Face, ostentation and extravagance, invite suona craftsmen and drummers, blow dowry, follow sedan chairs, have a wedding party, go back to parents' home and other festive and recreational activities for at least ten days. There are many funeral customs, and if you pay homage to your elders, the arrangement is no less than a red event. Regardless of mourning or funeral, we will never leave the gongs and drums. What's more, please come to the troupe, play with friends, sing songs of filial piety, and stay with artists all night. When it comes to folk suona, artists of the older generation often say that "the violin is three loads of rice, and suona lasts all morning". In fact, folk suona, like other national musical instruments, can't be learned overnight. Moreover, there are hundreds of folk suona qupai, and even the widely circulated and commonly used qupai is enough for drummers to practice for three or five years. Trumpeter is a folk custom name, in fact, he is the collective name of suona craftsman and drummer. They are composed of amateur instrumental music lovers and folk artists. Anyone invited only needs to invite five people (two playing suona and three playing gongs and drums) for a short-term partnership, so the performance level is uneven. For example, in the etiquette of "following the sedan chair" in folk culture, some suona artists play tunes such as ant climbing trees, pumpkin flowers and dressing table, and they know that they are old-school players when they listen to the tunes and skills. But those guys who play drums, cymbals and gongs mostly practice half a bucket of water for three to five days, just to beat the drums loudly and follow the rhythm of suona, and they don't have much skill.

Words. In the funeral ceremony, folk suona can be said to be the only one who is good at winning. As soon as the gongs and drums ring, the suona qupai "Pu 'an Mantra", "Shui Luo Yin" and "Your Legend" will be played three times. In their jargon, all suona artists who can master this set of music cards can learn breathing skills from their teachers. In contrast, in memorial service, memorial service and other ceremonies, the sad music songs "Nao He Shan" and "Cry for Heaven and Grab the Land" played by Suona are unpretentious. Times are changing. Nowadays, people who organize weddings and funerals have their own hobbies: car tours, tourist weddings, group weddings, tree planting mourning ceremonies and so on. However, farmers in remote mountain villages are still attached to traditional customs, and even regard the etiquette of "seeing off the bride in sedan chair" as an entertainment activity serving the present, and move into the city in a unique way, boasting and letting the people see the elegance of folk culture. Suona music score

Music score of suona: The commonly used suona music cards are: [Spring is coming], [Dahan Dongshan], [Xiaohan Dongshan], [Big Peach Blossom], [Small Peach Blossom], [Gate], [Small Gate], [Strong Wind Becomes Loose], [Small Wind Becomes Loose], [Text] and so on. A flower; Open the door; Small yellow cattle; Harvest happiness; Eighteen boards; Hillside sheep; Open the door in six words; Lagua (duet); Haha cavity; Fengyang Song twisted eight boards; Birds fly to the phoenix; Wedding songs; Two people take turns to pose; Pu tianle; Birds fly to the phoenix; Celebrate victory (concerto); Two people take turns to pose; A flower; Great victory (percussion); Sedan chair; Ten scenes (duet); Tianfu is good; Celebrate the harvest; Tatar dance music; Small yellow cattle; Dragon and Tiger Leap (percussion); Hebei bangzi cavity; Harvest happiness; Harvest; Open the door; Send the bride. Hakka suona Hakka suona hand

Hakka suona has a long history. According to historical records, as early as 1000 years ago, "drummers walked hand in hand on the road and kept walking towards others". ? Hakka suona is divided into sad and happy tones, light and cheerful, and it is passionate and harmonious when playing; The sad tone is deep, crooning and euphemistic. In the folk, suona has a deep foundation. Generally, when people hold weddings, funerals, birthdays, new homes and Chinese New Year, they will invite a few suona players to celebrate the excitement. Today, the suona band was invited to send the children to the army to cut the ribbon. Zhoujiaban suona is the representative figure of Zhoujiaban suona, and is the third generation descendant of Zhou Zhengyu, the master of wind music.

Zhoujiaban is the percussion class of Zhoujia, which is also called [芗?臶⒅ 芗芗ち] by the people? Dental caries? What about the moon? Do you want to make trouble? Do you hold χ glucoside? How about offering Song Jia? Is the stroma barium? Dou's post-yo v 蘉 Ci Jia Yue lamented that he was more concerned about ditch burial? Flood? Scraps are fragile? 00 years of vicissitudes. At present, there are more than 65,438+000 musicians, men, women and children, spanning Jiangsu, Shandong, Anhui and Zhejiang, enjoying a high reputation overseas. Suona art was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. .

Edit the performance skills of this passage.

Suona is not a complicated instrument. Its structure is very simple, consisting of five parts: whistle, gas tag, core, rod and bowl. Eight sound holes on the wooden cone rod are staggered, seven in front and one in the back; Copper core on the pole; The core is covered with a whistle made of air cards and reeds; There is a bowl at the lower end of the rod. It is so simple, even with some simple structures, but it can play almost all the skills of wind music, and even imitate beautiful sounds such as human voices and bird songs. Taking apart several parts of the suona and playing it, we can imitate different personalities, such as being old and deep, Hua Dan's nifty and clever, Beowulf's rough and reckless ... Such a small instrument can interpret the joys and sorrows of the world alone. Playing suona also requires some skills, and the sound hole should be completely filled with your fingers. If the sound hole is not pressed tightly, the sound will often be inaccurate. Therefore, grasping the playing atmosphere of suona has become a science. Playing suona often consumes more gas, and the higher the sound, the greater the gas consumption. Generally speaking, it is impossible to perform for a long time without intermission, but the competition between trained players, especially folk artists, is lasting endurance. "Cyclic ventilation" is the most common way to play. This kind of performance can make the breath full all the time, the music can last for a long time without interruption, and even the whole song can be done in one go. The tone of suona is rich and unique. Colorful tuning makes suona rich and comprehensive. At present, suona is divided into [noise? Fortunately, ostriches are noisy? F box: felt coat, rose mother card, cow? Tuohydroxyl? Source? Chengcheng? [14] Why bother? Capsule clean? What did the war leave behind? Is it stupid to remember the purpose of ruthenium trading? What happened to the ash account? What's the matter with you? What happened? ┛?螨 蛔 罡 羥 羥? Has Zhan Yan slowed down the growth of magnesium? Brain guanidine? Do you want to finish 5? Mother Mace keeps pupae? Cattle? Martyrdom? You're lucky. Are you happy? Adit to ω? Arc? There are many kinds of suona around the country, including big, small, thick and soft, which are usually divided into five types according to the length of the pole. The length of the small suona pole is often 22 ~ 30 cm. Thorium excrement is too beautiful to cook, and Leigong oysters can be offered? What happened to him? Hey? Do you recognize this system and provide it? Hey? ⒏ ⒐ ⒏ = ā ⒑? Shrimp? What happened to Ren Yan's Ji Shao Li Yue Meng? Whistles used in different places are different, such as reeds, straws, and brown-purple rubber insect shells (but they are soft to blow), and their sounds are unique. The suona pole is 32 ~ 40 cm long and is popular in [? Hey? Do you care? Awkward. ? What's the matter with you? What is a shallow S-shape? 2 ~ 57 cm, the voice is deep and grand, as if a hero was born, full of domineering and momentum. In Northeast China, Shanhaiguan and northern Hebei, rough suona is also the best choice for playing large-scale music. Compared with the "big pole" with a pole length of 50 cm, the cypress pole is slightly shorter and popular in Hebei, Henan and Shandong. The crisp and bright voice seems to be able to clear the clouds and make people feel comfortable. Playing minor with cypress pole, imitating the singing of China traditional drama, is particularly handy. The length of the sea flute is less than 20 cm, and the parts are also small and exquisite, but the pronunciation is sharp and loud, high and loud. The instrumental ensemble of Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Anhui is its best stage. There is also a special suona in western Fujian. Usually, two pieces are played together, which are called "public blowing" and "blowing". The two kinds of suona have the same structure, but the length and thickness are slightly different. Gong is short, long, thin, thick and sweet. The pronunciation of "blow" is low and rich, and it is integrated.