The use of the wrist in calligraphy

The specific action of the wrist is to swing the wrist according to the strokes of the brush, the weight of the brush, the weight of the brush, the weight of the brush, the weight of the brush, and the speed of the brush. And the magnitude of wrist movement is related to the size of the writing.

Calligraphy is the most classic symbol of traditional Chinese culture and art over the past 5,000 years. It is the art form of writing Chinese characters with brushes and has aesthetic inertia. Calligraphy can be called China's "fourth religion", has a strong attraction, a sense of ritual and public participation, so there are more than 5,000 years, the representative figures of the various periods of time is as bright as a river of stars, the most important figures are Wang Xizhi, Yan Zhenqing, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu, Zhao Mengfu, Zhu Yunming, Wang Duoduo, Liu Gongquan, Su Shi, Yu Bo, Ouyang Xun, Yu Shinan, Wei Sui Liang, etc.. Liang, and so on. The technique is characterized by the use of brush, strokes, dots, structure, ink, chapter and so on, and is closely related to traditional Chinese painting and seal cutting.

1. In ancient times, historians had their own principles and practices for handling materials, commenting on historical events, and praising and demeaning people, which were called "calligraphy". Zuozhuan - Xuangong Ernian: "Donghu, the ancient good history, calligraphy is not hidden." Tang Liu Zhiqi, "History - Confusion": "Therefore, I know that the history ministers at that time, each with a straight pen, then there is a crime must die, calligraphy no sheer carry on." Song Xie Cai Bo "Secret Zhai Notes" Volume 4: "The Analects of Confucius" calligraphy of strict, that is, "Spring and Autumn" calligraphy." Ming Liu Ji "Spring and Autumn Mingjing - Zheng fug Xu Zheng Bo fug Xu": "Cover and Zheng fug Xu, Zheng Bo fug Xu calligraphy is the same."

2. The art of writing text. Also refers to calligraphy. South Qi Book - Zhou stern biography: "less from the outside of the car riding general Zang Qi home to get Wei Heng scattered scribe book method, learn the very work." 宋 钱愐 《钱氏私志》："Yuanzhang's marvelous calligraphy can be regarded as the first one today." Rulin's Outer History (儒林外史)第二八回："There has never been such a good poet in the ancient times. There is no third person in the world who can write poetry as well as calligraphy." Zhou Yang, "Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the First Congress of Chinese Calligraphers": "Calligraphy, as a unique Chinese art, we should pay attention to it."

3. It refers to the shape of Chinese characters. Qing Ye Ming Feng "Bridge West Miscellany - One, two, three, three, four, etc. words": "As in the Qin and Han monuments, but one, two, three calligraphy is different."

4. The way of wording. Lv Shuxiang "punctuation trivial discussion": "Tongjian" calligraphy, 'night' a word for the sentence, there must be commitment. The above does not say what day, 'night' word even read, 'night' word point break, meaning 'to that night'; 'night' word constantly, meaning 'night ' The word 'night' is not broken, meaning 'while it is night'."

Origin of Calligraphy

Calligraphy is the art of writing Chinese characters. It is not only a cultural treasure of the Chinese nation, but also unique in the world's cultural and artistic treasures. In the long history of evolution and development of Chinese characters, on the one hand, it has played an important social role in the exchange of ideas and cultural inheritance, and on the other hand, it has formed a unique plastic art in itself. In recent times, it has been proved that, regarding the origin of Chinese characters, it is generally believed that characters were created in the Yangshao culture, which is located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River in China about 5,000 or 6,000 years ago. Yangshao culture was first discovered in Yangshao village, Jingshan, Henan Province in 1921 and was named after it. In the last 40 years, many more discoveries have been made.

The writing of the peoples of the world is summarized in three main types, namely, ideographic writing; ideographic writing; and phonetic writing. Chinese characters are typically ideographic characters developed on the basis of ideographic characters. The method of creating characters in pictographs is to draw the objects. However, the drawing tends to be simpler and more abstract, and it becomes a kind of symbol that highlights the characteristics of the object, represents a certain meaning, and has a certain pronunciation. ...... Our Chinese characters, from drawings and symbols to their creation and finalization, have been gradually formed into various forms from the ancient Big Seal Script to the Small Seal Script, and from the Seal Script to the official script, Regular Script, Running Script, and Cursive Script. In the process of writing and applying Chinese characters, the art of calligraphy, which is unique among the scripts of the world's ethnic groups and can be categorized independently, gradually emerged.

Two: Prehistory to summer - calligraphy born of chaos

The art of Chinese calligraphy began with the creation of the Chinese characters: "Sound could not be transmitted to a different place, and was left behind at a different time, and so the characters were born. Writing is the trace of meaning and sound." Thus, words were created. The first works of the art of calligraphy were not words, but pictorial symbols - hieroglyphics or pictograms.

The incised symbols of Chinese characters first appeared on pottery. The first inscribed symbols represented only a rough, chaotic concept, with no precise meaning.

More than 8,000 years ago, the Yellow River Basin saw the emergence of the Maishan and Feiligang cultures, and the handmade ceramics unearthed in Feiligang had more symbols, which were a chaotic combination of the social and mnemonic functions of the forefathers and the decorative functions of the patterns.

After the Yangshao culture, about 6,000 years ago, the Half-slope site unearthed colored pottery with some simple drawings similar to characters. These symbols have been distinguished from floral patterns, taking the development of Chinese writing another step forward. This can be said to be the origin of Chinese writing.

Then came the Erlitou and Erligang cultures. Erlitou culture archaeological excavations found in the ceramic tablets with engraved marks, its marks *** There are twenty-four kinds of, some similar to the Yinxu oracle bone characters, are a single independent word. The Erligang culture has been found to have a writing system. Three bones with characters have been found here, two with one character each and one with ten characters, which seem to have been carved for the purpose of practicing carving. This was a big step forward for civilization.

The origin of primitive writing was an imitative instinct, used to visualize something concrete. It was simple and chaotic, but it already had a certain aesthetic appeal. This simple writing can therefore be called prehistoric calligraphy.

Three, Shang to the Western Han Dynasty - the calligraphy in order

From the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, through the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, to the Qin and Han Dynasties, the development of more than two thousand years of history also led to the development of the art of calligraphy. During this period, various calligraphic styles appeared one after another, such as oracle bone inscriptions, gold inscriptions, stone inscriptions, and handwriting of Zhu Mo on simple silk and silk, etc., among which the seal script, official script, cursive script, regular script, etc. were finalized in the screening and elimination of hundreds of miscellaneous styles, and the art of calligraphy began to develop in an orderly manner.