Special exercises of traditional etiquette

Lecture Notes on College Students' Etiquette Section 1 Etiquette and Cultivation

. . Etiquette refers to the preferred behavior norms and idiomatic forms to show respect, goodwill and friendliness in interpersonal communication, social communication and international communication activities. This definition contains the following meanings: first, etiquette is a code of conduct that puts morality first. Norms are rules, rules and regulations, that is to say, etiquette is a rule that restricts people's behavior and tells you what to do and what not to do. If you go to the teacher's office, you should knock at the door before you go in. It's impolite to go straight in without knocking. Etiquette is a moral code of conduct. Explain that etiquette is far weaker than law and discipline. Violation of etiquette can only disgust others, and others can't burden you. For this reason, the restraint of etiquette depends on the self-discipline of moral cultivation. Second, the direct purpose of etiquette is to show respect for others. Respect is the essence of etiquette. Everyone has a high spiritual need to be respected. When people follow the requirements of etiquette in the process of social communication, they will be satisfied with respect, thus obtaining pleasure and achieving harmony between people. Third, the fundamental purpose of etiquette is to maintain the normal life order of society. Without it, the normal life order of society will be destroyed. In this respect, it works with law and discipline. It is for this purpose that both capitalist society and socialist society attach great importance to the construction of etiquette norms. Fourth. Etiquette requires all members to observe. The moral system includes three levels: professional ethics, marriage and family ethics and social ethics. Etiquette requires all members to observe, so it belongs to the content of social morality. Social morality is the simplest and most basic moral code of conduct. If a person can't even abide by social morality, it shows that his moral cultivation is too poor. This also shows the importance of etiquette. Fifth, etiquette requires observance in interpersonal communication and social activities. This is its scope, beyond which etiquette norms may not apply. It is impolite to wear slippers in public, but it is normal to wear slippers at home. In real life, people who know and keep the ceremony will win the respect and trust of others. On the contrary, those who are not serious and full of gifts are often spurned by society. As a college student, I pay attention to etiquette. However, etiquette cultivation is not only an external form of behavior, it is closely related to people's inner moral, cultural and artistic cultivation, and it is the reflection and refraction of their inner moral, cultural and artistic cultivation. The ancients said: "phase is born of heart." Explain the relationship between them. Modern people also put forward such a view: the theory of intellectual beauty. They believe that mastering rich knowledge and deepening their own connotation is a kind of life makeup with heavy makeup. Because the shaping of people's mental outlook depends largely on people's internal qualities, such as ideological realm, moral sentiment, cultural accomplishment, etc., which is the evergreen tree of the beauty of people's lives. For example, although some people wear high-grade brand-name clothes, the style and color of the clothes are not suitable, and the overall effect of wearing them on the body does not show a beautiful effect; Some people's etiquette language is beautiful, but it gives the impression that the insincere person, although doing some etiquette actions in social occasions as required, is only similar in appearance but not in spirit, because he has no internal cultivation based on external performance. In addition, while studying etiquette and code of conduct, college students should also pay attention to their own inner cultivation and constantly enrich themselves in the process of diligent knowledge, so as to improve their etiquette level. College students pay attention to inner cultivation mainly in three aspects: first, ideological and moral cultivation refers to the process of tempering and improving a person's moral consciousness, beliefs, behaviors and habits, and also refers to reaching a certain level. Only virtue can be polite, and no virtue can be rude. Morality is the foundation of etiquette. In real life, people who are hypocritical, selfish, haggle over every ounce, selfish, jealous, demanding and complacent cannot be sincere and polite to others. Therefore, only by striving to improve ideological and moral cultivation, constantly cultivating one's own sentiment and pursuing the ideal realm of perfection can one's etiquette level be correspondingly high. Second, cultural literacy is the personification and spiritualization of social image, and it is the result of people's long-term conscious cultural and ideological cultivation. Most educated people understand science and culture. They are thoughtful, thorough in problem analysis, strong in problem-solving ability, quick in thinking, fluent in language, confident and steady, and attractive in social interaction, which makes people feel that they have benefited a lot from knowledge and are happy and comfortable. On the contrary, people with lower education level lack self-confidence, giving the impression that they are dull, dull or arrogant and shallow. Therefore, only by consciously improving the level of cultural accomplishment and increasing the "self-confidence" of social communication can we become gentle, polite and natural and unrestrained in the social field. Third, the art of artistic accomplishment is an aesthetic activity that reflects social life through concrete and vivid perceptual images of traitors. Works of art are rich in national culture and artistic accomplishment, and they also condense the artist's thoughts, attitudes towards life and moral concepts. Therefore, when we appreciate works of art, we will inevitably be influenced by national culture, as well as the artist's world outlook and moral outlook. We will fall in love with the beautiful realm depicted by works of art, gain aesthetic intoxication and emotional sublimation, get enlightenment and cultivate noble moral sentiments and civilized habits. Therefore, we should consciously contact as many works of art with healthy content, elegant taste and strong artistry as possible, such as literary works, music, calligraphy, dance and sculpture, which is of great benefit to improving people's etiquette quality.

Section 2 Etiquette and teacher communication are the most important contents in college students' interpersonal communication.

. . Teachers are the guides for college students to understand life, acquire knowledge and achieve something. The ancients said, "A teacher is like a parent", "A drop of water is rewarded with a spring." Therefore, as college students who are deeply taught by teachers, they should love and respect teachers, respect their work, accept their criticism and education with an open mind, and strictly abide by relevant etiquette norms in the process of interacting with teachers. First, the etiquette that should be paid attention to in teaching includes: 1. Preview for the teacher before class. For example, clean the blackboard, podium, move teaching instruments and so on. 2. Say hello to the teacher after class. Second, the etiquette that should be paid attention to when asking questions to teachers is as follows: 1. Consider the question carefully in advance so as to ask the teacher clearly. 2. The attitude of consultation should be modest, and don't interrupt the teacher's story casually. If you have different opinions, you can politely express your different opinions in a consultative tone and discuss with the teacher modestly. Don't ask and question the teacher. Third, the etiquette to pay attention to when visiting the teacher's street is 1. In today's rapid development, time is efficiency. On the fifth day, there is a work plan every day, and everyone has a work plan. Therefore, it is impolite to make an appointment in advance when you need to visit the teacher. Make an appointment as accurately as possible and take good care of the teacher's time. Don't visit too early, avoid eating breaks during the day and don't be too late at night. Make an appointment and explain the reason for the visit so that the teacher can prepare in advance. 2. Punctuality. Visit the teacher on time, not in advance or late. If you arrive early, you can look around outside and then go in. Because visiting the dormitory and going ahead of time, others are not ready, which is easy to cause embarrassment. It is impolite to be late. If you can't arrive on time due to inevitable reasons, you should try to inform the elderly in advance and apologize sincerely. If you can't tell the teacher, you must apologize in detail and strive for future understanding. 3. Come to the door politely. When you arrive at the teacher's door, you should ring the doorbell or knock at the door first. Even if the door is open, you should knock. Ring the doorbell or knock on the door, pay attention to the light action, pause rhythmically, listen carefully and see if there is an answer. Don't knock at the door without thinking. 4. Meeting etiquette. After the teacher opens the door, you should greet the teacher. If you visit a teacher who doesn't know you, you should first confirm the teacher's identity, then say hello to him and introduce yourself. For example, "Hello! Excuse me, is this teacher Zhang's home? " "Is Teacher Zhang at home?" "Hello, teacher zhang! Sorry, I'm a student of Chinese Department, and my name is XXX. Don't forget to apologize if you knock on the wrong door. Don't come in until the teacher invites you in. After entering the room, if there are others in the room, you should nod with others. 5. Etiquette during the visit. After entering the room, don't leave things lying around. Please sit down after the teacher and thank the teacher for giving him his seat. Pay attention to conversation etiquette when talking to the teacher. 6. Farewell etiquette. Visiting hours should not be too long, and generally it is better not to exceed 20 minutes. You should leave during meals and rest. Other guests should also leave when they visit. Don't always look at your watch, which makes people feel that you are in a hurry to leave, and don't leave immediately after the teacher finishes a paragraph or thing, which will make the teacher feel that you are impatient and uninterested. When you leave, you usually follow the principle of "thank you first, then say goodbye". If you respectfully say to the teacher, "I've been bothering you for a long time, I should go. Thank you for your help and advice. Goodbye." Please ask the teacher to stay in time when seeing him off. The etiquette of communicating with classmates is studied in the university. Students get along with each other day and night and are close partners.

. . The love of classmates is the most precious wealth in college life, which is characterized by innocence, romance and vitality. Therefore, when communicating with classmates, we should pay attention to follow the relevant etiquette norms, establish a harmonious network of classmates, and let ourselves spend a wonderful and unforgettable college time. First, mutual respect and respect are reflected in the following aspects: 1. When you meet, you should take the initiative to greet your classmates. On the one hand, you show respect for your classmates, on the other hand, you show a confident and healthy attitude. 2. When students encounter difficulties such as temporary backwardness, misfortune and occasional failure, don't laugh at, satirize or discriminate, but help them enthusiastically and sincerely. Don't comment on classmates' appearance, posture and clothes, especially don't laugh at their physical defects. Not to mention insulting nicknames of classmates. The communication between boys and girls should respect each other and behave appropriately. Communication should be generous and not frivolous, joking should be measured, not touching. Second, when politely asking classmates, you must use polite expressions such as "please", "thank you" and "trouble you"; When borrowing school supplies, you should ask for permission before using them, and return them and thank them in time. Third, harmonious coexistence is reflected in the following aspects: 1. In the dormitory, students should consciously observe the schedule, get up on time, turn off the lights and go to bed on time, get up and sleep quietly, and speak quietly to avoid disturbing others. 2. Consciously maintain the cleanliness of the dormitory, not only do a good job of personal hygiene, but also take the initiative to do indoor cleaning. Don't just sit on someone else's bed. Don't use his tea set, chopsticks, towels and other utensils without the owner's permission. Don't read other people's letters, diaries, etc. 4. Bring friends to the dormitory to play. Don't make noise, laugh and fight indoors, so as not to affect your roommate's study and rest. Be warm, polite and friendly to visiting students. Be polite and considerate to your parents' visits. 6. Take good care of the public property and various items in the dormitory, turn on the water actively, do a good job of unity among the students in the dormitory, understand each other, be strict with yourself and be lenient with others. 7. To participate in all kinds of collective activities in the school, we should abide by the relevant rules and regulations, and students should be polite and take care of each other. Fourth, the etiquette of communicating with international students is reflected in the following aspects: 1. Punctuality and punctuality. This is a very important courtesy in international communication. Participate in foreign affairs, keep appointments, and arrive on time. If you can't arrive due to inevitable reasons, you should inform the other party in advance as far as possible and sincerely apologize to your country. 2. The instrument is neat and decent. Clothes should be neat and beautiful, collars and cuffs should be clean, leather shoes should be oiled and polished, and men should wear suits and ties, comb their hair, shave and trim their fingers early. 3. Elegant, dignified and steady, natural, standing and sitting. Don't eat food with pungent taste before sexual intercourse. 4. Speak politely. The attitude of speaking should be sincere, natural and generous, the tone should be amiable and the expression should be appropriate. Don't ask personal questions such as salary, property, marriage or not. 3. Respect the customs and habits of all countries. Different countries and ethnic groups have their own special customs and manners due to differences in history, culture and religion, so we should pay attention to these in foreign-related exchanges. Don't talk about the internal affairs, diplomacy, religion and other issues of the country at will. Gifts don't need too many humble words. Gifts don't need to be too expensive, but the packaging must be exquisite and the gifts must be open and generous. Section 4 Classroom Etiquette The classroom is where students study. Students spend most of their time in the classroom every day. This should be a serious place. . . To this end, students should abide by the classroom etiquette norms. First, the appearance is neat. When students enter the classroom, their faces should be clean and their hair should be neat. Male students don't want beards, and female students don't want makeup. Clothes should be neat. You can't wear vest slippers to the classroom in summer, and you can't show your chest. Second, behave appropriately. You can't fan in class, and you can't wear a mask in winter class. Don't eat, drink, chew gum and listen to the tape recorder. Sit straight. Specific requirements: 1. Sit quietly and steadily. Go to your seat first, then turn around and sit down quietly. When a girl sits down, if it's a skirt, put her hands on it. 2. After sitting down, your lips are slightly closed, your jaw is miniature, and your face is peaceful and natural. Don't move the chair at will, making a huge building sound. 3. The shoulders are flat and relaxed, and the arms are naturally bent and placed on the desk. Don't cross your hands on your chest, don't shrug your shoulders, and don't spread your arms on the table or under your hips. 4. Stand up straight, hold your chest out, and your upper body is naturally vertical. Don't lean forward, lean back or stagger, and don't lean back in a chair. 5. Knees are naturally close together, legs are straight and perpendicular to the ground. Don't spread your legs too far, don't stretch them too long, and don't keep shaking your feet. 6. Sit in a chair and fill at least two-thirds of the chair. 7. When you leave your seat, be natural and steady, and stand up with your right foot back half a step. Third, pay attention to keep the classroom clean and orderly. Don't scribble on the blackboard, walls, tables and chairs. Don't throw peels, scraps of paper and spit in the classroom. Always keep the classroom quiet and tidy, and keep a good learning environment in the classroom. Don't chase and fight between classes, so as not to affect students' study and physical and mental health. During the break, walk slowly on the right in the corridor. Don't run fast or make sharp turns.

Section 5 Office Etiquette Office is the place where teachers prepare lessons and work. This is a serious and quiet place. Students should pay attention to relevant etiquette when visiting teachers and leaders in the office. . First, pay attention to the etiquette of entering and leaving the office: 1 Students should knock before entering the teacher's office. 2. After entering, you should nod to other teachers who see you. Be careful not to sit in other teachers' seats and don't rummage around in the office. 4. Leave the office as soon as things are finished, and say goodbye to the teacher politely. Farewell usually means thanking before saying goodbye, such as "thank you, teacher, goodbye!" " "5. Move in and out of the office lightly, and don't talk loudly, so as not to affect the work of other teachers. 6. Go to the leader's office to find the leader, generally make an appointment and arrive on time. Second, the etiquette of talking with teachers should pay attention to the etiquette of talking with teachers: 1. The attitude of talking with the teacher should be sincere, and the speech should be true and realistic. Excessive politeness is also a kind of rudeness. 2. Listen to the teacher carefully and make eye contact with the teacher more than 50% of the time. The position of gaze is roughly a triangle between the teacher's shoulder and head. If necessary, nod your head and talk to the teacher. 3. Less gestures and moderate volume during the conversation. Too many gestures and talking loudly are impolite. Generally speaking, the amplitude of gestures is not above the shoulders, but below the waist. 4. The distance is moderate. The conversation distance is about 1.5 meters. It is impolite to be too close or too far away. Don't interrupt the teacher's conversation casually. If you need to leave in an emergency during the conversation, you should apologize to the teacher. 6. When you disagree with the teacher's point of view, don't directly refute it, let alone ask and question the teacher, but express your point of view euphemistically. For example, we can say, "This question deserves my consideration, but it seems to me …" and so on. Section 6 Etiquette in Campus Public Places Campus public places are places where students live, study and entertain, and every student has the responsibility to maintain their order. . . Therefore, the following etiquette norms should be followed. Etiquette that should be paid attention to in libraries and reading rooms 1. Dress neatly when entering the museum, and do not wear slippers or vests. 2. Go through the formalities of borrowing and returning books and enter the library in order. 3. When sitting, don't make any noise when moving the chair. Don't save a seat for your friend. Walk softly, read quietly, don't talk to acquaintances, and don't talk loudly, eat snacks and throw waste paper. Don't sleep in the reading room. 4. When consulting cards and books, handle them with care and turn them over with care. Books and materials shall not be deleted without permission. 5. Open-shelf books and periodicals should be read one volume at a time. Don't occupy more than one volume at the same time, and put them back in their original places immediately after reading. Second, the dining hall should pay attention to etiquette 1. Pay attention to using polite address and polite language. Such as "Master", "Please", "Thank you" and "Sorry". 2. consciously buy meals in order, and don't crowd in line. Don't waste food, don't throw leftovers everywhere. Iii. Etiquette to watch sports matches 1. Enter the venue in advance and walk to the audience as soon as possible after the venue is over. Don't talk loudly when watching, but shout loudly. When watching the game, both sides should treat each other equally and have a fair attitude. 4. Treat the athletes' games politely, misunderstand and encourage their occasional mistakes, and don't abuse or throw things on the spot. 5. Support the work of referees. In the ever-changing sports competition, it is inevitable that there will be mistakes in judgment and we should not be rude. 6. Maintain public health in the venues. 7. Don't be crowded when you leave. Fourth, the etiquette that the student activity center should pay attention to is 1. Enter the meeting place in advance. If you arrive after a performance or a movie, you should sit quietly. Keep a low profile and tread lightly when crossing the seat, so as not to affect others' watching. Thank you and apologize to the audience in the same row who got up and offered your seat. 2. Consciously abide by the rules of the venue, don't eat noisy food, don't spit everywhere, and don't throw scraps of paper. 3. Sit still while watching, don't always shake from side to side. Don't put your feet on the back of the audience in front, so as not to stain other people's clothes. 4. Keep quiet and don't laugh or comment loudly during the program performance or movie screening. 5. When coughing or sneezing, cover your nose and mouth with a handkerchief to prevent spitting stars from splashing on others. 6. During the performance or film screening, you can't walk around casually, let alone leave casually. When you have to leave, you should leave your seat gently and keep a low profile. Don't stand in the aisle or in front of the theater.

Section 7 Etiquette in Campus Living Places The campus environment has a subtle influence on freshmen. It should be a serious and friendly, solemn and lively, nervous and civilized place. . . Therefore, the campus should establish a set of etiquette norms for campus life. First, the etiquette of walking students can't go to the classroom, canteen, library and walk without walking. When traveling, you should observe proper etiquette and pay attention to manners. 1. Teacher Lu Yu, acquaintances and classmates should take the initiative to say hello. If you want to speak unprincipled, you should stand on the side of the road and not interfere with other people's roads and vehicles. 2. Maintain the sanitation of the campus environment, and do not spit or throw peels and other sundries. 3. Be polite. When going up and down stairs, corridors or streets on campus, you should consciously walk on the right. When going up and down stairs or walking in narrow passages, take the initiative to stand aside and let them go first. 4. Riding a bicycle should obey the traffic rules, and be polite to three points in crowded places, especially for teachers and girls. Get off when entering or leaving the school gate, and the bicycle should be parked in the designated carport or place. Second, the class reunion etiquette class reunion is the most common form of activity for students to exchange feelings, learn from each other and make friends. New classmates just left their hometown and parents, and they urgently need to meet new classmates and friends to get help. Therefore, we should pay attention to etiquette when attending class reunion. 1. Dress neatly, dress generously and neatly, and don't eat irritating food. 2. Observe the time and arrive on time. 3. Greet and talk with classmates actively and enthusiastically. 4. Pay attention to taking care of female students and other students. 5. Pay attention to the etiquette of introducing yourself and others. Introducing yourself is the best way to make new friends. Its manners are: (1) calm, confident, kind and natural smile and friendly eyes. (2) nod to the other party first, say hello or ask the other party's unit and name, and then introduce yourself calmly and generously after getting feedback from the other party. (3) The introduction content should be concise and clear, usually a brief introduction of name, identity and unit, and a greeting can be added. For example, "I am a classmate of Grade 200 1 in Chinese Department. My name is XX. Nice to meet you. " (4) The tone of introduction should be natural, peaceful and lively. (5) Generally speaking, female students should not take the initiative to introduce themselves to strange male students, otherwise they will be easily misunderstood as frivolous by the other party. Introducing others is a common form to help students get to know each other. Etiquette is: (1) first find out whether the two sides have the desire to get to know each other. Especially between boys and girls. (2) General introduction: A respected party should know each other first. Therefore, the order of introducing others is: a. First, introduce senior students (older students) to junior students (younger students); B. Both sides are about the same age, and introduce the classmate who is close to them to another classmate; C. introduce one to everyone; D. Group presentations are introduced one by one in the order of seats. Treat students who are late as early as possible. (3) Introduce standing posture and gestures. The introducer, the introduced person and the intermediary form a triangle. Gestures; Palm up, four fingers together, thumb and four fingers at about 30 degrees to politely signal to the introduced person, keep your eyes on the person you want to tell, and never point your finger at the introducer. (4) Introduction: unit, name and identity. Sometimes, in order to provide topics for both parties, we can also introduce some specialties and hobbies. (5) In general introduction, the introduced person and the intermediary should stand up. (6) After the introduction, the introduced parties should greet each other immediately. If you can say "Hello! Nice to meet you. " (7) After the introduction of the two parties, the intermediary can leave. Third, answering the phone etiquette phone is one of the most commonly used, economical and convenient communication tools for people to communicate long distance in today's society. In interpersonal communication, freshmen should make good use of telephone communication to win the favor of each other. This requires not only mastering various skills, but also following the requirements of telephone etiquette and shaping a good telephone image. (1) Answer politely 1. Answer with the right posture and smile. Correct posture requirements: stand with chest out, abdomen in, waist in, and feet together naturally; Sit up straight, with your back straight, elbows propped on the table, usually holding a mobile phone in your left hand and taking notes in your right hand. The role of correct posture is to make you comfortable, relaxed and easy to record, so that you can be in a good mood to answer the phone. The function of answering with a smile is to adjust the mood, dispel the unpleasantness caused by unpleasant things, and make yourself have a kind attitude, a kind tone and a clear voice when answering the phone, leaving a good impression on others. 2. The ceremony of answering the phone. Answer the phone before the phone rings three times to avoid the other party waiting too long or hanging up as if it had never stopped. The polite opening remarks of answering the phone should be: greetings, self-introduction and questions. Such as "hello! This is XXX dormitory. Who is this, please? " 3. Polite opening remarks on the phone: greetings, self-report, reasons. Such as "hello! This is XXX from XXX dormitory. Please (trouble, excuse me) help me speak to XXX. 4. Echo. During the call, when the other party speaks, you should echo it and let the other party feel that you are listening attentively. It is impolite to be silent for a long time. Common echoing languages include: repeating the important content of the other party, "please continue to say", "yes" and "good". When the call is interrupted, the caller should immediately redial and apologize: "I'm sorry, the phone was disconnected just now." When you have something urgent to deal with during the call, you should apologize to the other party, ask the other party to wait for a moment, and then cover the receiver with your hand to deal with the urgent matter. If it takes a long time to deal with an urgent matter, then you should make an appointment with the other party to continue the call afterwards, and you can't keep the other party waiting. Such as politeness: "sorry, I have something urgent to deal with right away." "I'll call you again in ten minutes." 6. When a wrong call is received or dialed, the wrong party should apologize: "Sorry, I dialed the wrong number." The party who answers the phone should be tolerant and say "it doesn't matter." If the caller doesn't know that he has dialed the wrong number, the party who answers the phone should gently tell the other party: "This is XX dormitory, and the phone number is XX. What number do you want to call? " Doing so will not embarrass the other party, but also show your self-restraint and win the favor of the other party. 7. When ending the call, pay attention to saying goodbye with polite expressions, such as "goodbye" and "Thank you!" Generally speaking, the caller hangs up first, and the party who answers the phone waits for the caller to hang up before releasing the phone, especially if the caller is a teacher or elder. Second, the accurate answer 1. The content is clear. Whether you answer the phone or make a phone call, you should generally be clear about the "six whats". "Six Ho" refers to who (name), when (time), when (time), where (place), what (content), why (reason) and how to do it (method). When one side tells the story clearly, the whole thing becomes clear. The party who answered accurately recorded the "six ho", even if it was clear. 2. Focus on the phone. Be concise, highlight the key points, keep the sentences short, repeat the key points and misunderstandings or ask the other party to repeat them for checking. Such as name, address, telephone number, etc. , should be checked repeatedly. The voice is moderate, and the speech is slower than usual, so that the other party can hear clearly and sweetly.