How to keep warm in ancient winter

In fact, as early as the Paleolithic, Beijingers had used and controlled fire. Archaeologists have found that Beijingers use fire to barbecue food, light a fire and keep warm. In the residential sites of this period, burning surfaces and pits with fire were also found. It can be inferred that people at that time mainly kept warm by burning fire.

Second, home appliances for heating

The ancients did not have modern electric heaters, and the main heating tools were braziers and stoves, among which hand stoves, foot stoves and fuming stoves were the most commonly used heating tools in ancient China in winter.

A hand stove is a small stove used to warm hands. The shape is exquisite and changeable, with charcoal or furnace ash with residual heat inside and a cover outside. Hand stoves can even be put in sleeves to warm hands, also known as hand warmers and fire cages.

Third, paper clothes for heating.

Paper, invented in the Han Dynasty, replaced bamboo and silk as the carrier of calligraphy and painting in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Paper clothes were made in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and were more popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Because of the war, the government was rampant and the people were short of clothes and food, so they had to take paper as their clothes. Gradually, the poor put on paper clothes, the monks used paper to cultivate themselves, the soldiers put on paper sleeves and armor, and the literati also put on paper clothes when traveling. Hemp paper used in Tang Dynasty has high fiber strength, anti-aging and moth-proofing. Bark paper was used in the Song Dynasty, which was strong in tension and resistant to torture, so linen paper clothes and leather paper clothes were more durable.

Fourth, use charcoal to keep warm.

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, China's feudal society reached its peak, economy and technology reached a certain height, and heating equipment was greatly improved. Even the charcoal in the palace was proud at that time. In the Tang Dynasty, people also invented a hand-cranked stove. They lit the fire on an oval copper stove or ashes with residual temperature, and the stove was covered.

Five, pepper heating

Ancient Zanthoxylum bungeanum has always been regarded as a kind of cold-proof and warm-keeping material, which is made into wall insulation layer after mashing and mudding. Gorgeous tapestries are hung on the walls of the pepper room temple. The ground is covered with a thick tribute blanket from the western regions, and there are fire screens and curtains made of goose feathers. Living in such a room in winter naturally won't feel cold. This luxurious and warm architectural style has also been imitated by later generations. According to Shi Shuo Xin Yu, Shi Chong, the richest man in the Western Jin Dynasty, "took pepper as mud and made a studio".

People's Network-How did the ancients keep warm without heating?