Licensed Pharmacist 20 17 Processing Knowledge of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Clean Selection Processing

Purpose requirement

(1) Master the operation methods of various cleaning treatments;

Familiar with the purpose and significance of network selection;

(3) Understand the working principle of various equipment used for cleaning treatment.

The purpose of the first section cleaning treatment

[Han] Zhang Zhongjing Yu Han? Or skin and meat must go, or skin and meat must go, or roots and stems must go, and flowers must be solid. According to the Party, picking and cutting are extremely clean. . ? [The theory of incorruptible system was gradually perfected from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty]

Cleaning: Before cutting, processing, blending and processing Chinese medicinal materials, designated medicinal parts should be selected to remove non-medicinal parts, impurities, foreign bodies, moldy products, moth-eaten products, ash chips, etc. To meet the requirements of medicinal purity.

The medicinal parts of Ephedra sinica were separated, the roots were removed, the Amomum tsaoko was peeled, the lotus seeds were removed, and the lentils were peeled, so as to distinguish the parts with different functions and make them play a better role.

Grading ~ screening and grading the drug size at the same time.

? It is convenient to control the process quality in the process of hydrothermal processing, ensure uniform processing and prevent too much and too little. Pinellia ternate, Atractylodes macrocephala, Chuanxiong, Aconitum, Aconitum carmichaeli, etc.

Remove non-medicinal parts: remove parts with poor quality (rough bark of Magnolia officinalis and myrobalan nucleus), parts with high toxicity (snake head of Agkistrodon acutus) and parts with strong side effects (hairy loquat leaves).

? Convenient and accurate dispensing ensures the safety and effectiveness of the preparation.

Removal of impurities, foreign bodies, etc. : Remove mud and sand impurities, moth-eaten and moldy products mixed in the process of collection, processing, transportation and storage.

Section 2 Removal of Impurities

Most Chinese herbal medicines come from nature, and they will be mixed with mud and sand, residual branches, sawdust, variant medicinal materials and so on in the process of growth/collection/processing/transportation/storage. Impurities and foreign bodies must be removed manually or mechanically.

Selection: refers to the removal of impurities by manual selection.

Object? ① Non-medicinal parts;

(2) impurities visible to the naked eye [sawdust, gravel, weeds, branches, eggs, rat droppings, etc. ] not suitable for other methods to clear;

(3) Rotting and moth-eaten medicinal materials; (4) according to the size and thickness, personally choose grading.

Screening: according to the different volumes of drugs and impurities, different specifications of sieves and Luo are selected and screened to remove impurities.

Object? (1) impurities with large volume difference with the drug;

(2) residue and residual auxiliary materials;

③ Use sieves of different sizes to classify drugs.

Wind separation: according to the different proportions of drugs and impurities, impurities are removed by wind.

Object? Impurities that differ greatly from the quality of drugs.

Water separation: washing with water to remove impurities, or using the different specific gravity of drugs and impurities, removing impurities with the help of buoyancy of water, and separating non-medicinal parts. When selecting water, be careful not to soak it in water for too long to avoid losing its efficacy.

Object? ① Soil salts [such as cicada slough and seaweed] attached to the surface or inside of the medicine;

(2) Flotation of drugs and non-medicinal parts [such as the separation of Ziziphus jujuba seeds and cores].

●? The above methods are used in combination, aiming at impurities with different properties. Such as removing large impurities, sieving floating soil, washing internal soil with water, and blowing weeds away by wind.

Section III Separation and Removal of Drug Parts

◆ Separate different medicinal parts [Ephedra root antiperspirant, Ephedra stem antiperspirant? Separate]//Remove the non-medicinal parts?

1. Dendrobium, Schizonepeta, Herba Ephedrae, Herba Menthae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Rhizoma Phragmitis, Nelumbo nucifera, Herba Portulacae, Verbena, Eupatorium adenophorum, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Herba Leonuri and Dianthus chinensis should be removed from the part of the land where the roots and stems are removed.

Remove the residual stems of Gentiana scabra, Cynanchum atratum, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Clematidis, Radix Dipsaci, Radix Saposhnikoviae, Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae, Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis, Radix Bupleuri, etc. with underground parts.

2. Pruning refers to removing some non-medicinal parts of fruits, flowers and leaves.

Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Fructus Zanthoxyli, Fructus Forsythiae, Fructus Sophorae, Prunellae Spica, Flos Magnoliae, Buddleja officinalis, Folium Mori, Folium Platycladi, Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Herba Taxilli, Fructus Gardeniae, ootheca Mantidis, etc.

3. Peeling: Scrape off rough skin (cork) and attached moss impurities. Magnolia officinalis, Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Cortex Phellodendri, Cortex Cinnamomi, etc. You can scrape off impurities such as cork and moss with a knife.

Roots and rhizomes: scrape off roots and rhizomes when fresh. Rhizoma anemarrhenae and platycodon grandiflorum

Fruit seeds: peeled, testa and core-shell

Fruits ~ Amomum tsaoko, Alpinia oxyphylla, Junzi, Ginkgo biloba, Ficus hirta, Torreya grandis, Croton, etc. Break the skin and shell, shell and kernel; Seeds ~ bitter almond, peach kernel, etc. Fire list stripping method