China Traditional Culture: The Origin of the Name of "Chinese Nation"

China traditional culture:? Chinese nation? The origin of appellation China is a country with a long history. ? Chinese nation? It is a modern ethnological name, which generally refers to all ethnic groups who have settled in China. The Chinese nation has existed for thousands of years, and the formation and development of its national name has also experienced thousands of years of evolution.

More than 5000 years ago, when the Chinese nation began to form, what was its national name? Hua? . Appeared after the Han dynasty? China? Last name. Cut-off 19, as a modern ethnological term? Nation? After the concept was introduced into China? Chinese nation? This ethnology vocabulary came into being. Although? Hua? 、? China? 、? Chinese nation? Although the names of these ethnic groups are slightly different, their connotations are the same, that is, all ethnic groups living in China are designated.

? Chinese nation? what's up Hua? The name of Shun, the last emperor in China's history, originated from which Five Emperors era? Hua? . ? Five emperors? The era is the tribal alliance era in the late primitive society of China. From the five emperors? The emperor? The leader of the tribal alliance. ? Shun? It's posthumous title, that is, he becomes your respectful name after death. "The Law of the Dead" says: Ren gave birth to Ming Sheng and said "Shun". ? Do you have a last name? It was originally the name of Shun tribe. ? Hey? This is the official who was in charge of Shan Ye when Emperor Yao was in power, that is, the hereditary official name of the tribe responsible for managing Shan Ye and the birds and animals in the mountains.

China in ancient times? Take the official as the surname? Custom, that is, the name of a tribe is the name of its public office in the tribal alliance, so it is called a tribe? Hey? Or? Do you have a last name? . During the period of Yu Shun, tribal alliances developed into nations and countries. ? Hey? Or? Do you have a last name? Therefore, it evolved into the name of the dynasty, just as Xia Houshi called the Xia Dynasty. According to the pre-Qin literature, Youyu was the first dynasty in the history of China before Xia Dynasty, although there were some traces of tribal alliances in this dynasty. The oldest existing history book in China, Shangshu, began in Yu Shu.

Shun ming? Zhong Hua? Zhang Shoujie, a scholar in the Tang Dynasty, wrote justice in Historical Records. Zhong Hua? For what? Heavy pupil? It is unreasonable and unbelievable to say that a smooth eye has two pupils. If we dig deep into its source, Zhong Hua? what's up Heavy? , is a clan name in ancient Shao Hao tribes. This clan held the hereditary office of the tribal alliance in the era of Xu Levin, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty? Ju Mang? (Mu Zheng, equivalent to today's Minister of Forestry. See Zuo Zhuan? Zhao twenty-nine years). That is, the clan name where Shun lived. ? Hua? It's Shun's name.

According to clan tribal tradition, the name of clan leader is the name of all clan members and their descendants. After Shun established the state power, people followed the ancient custom and called the ethnic groups of Youyu Dynasty and the people under the management of Youyu Dynasty by the name of Shun. Hua? . ? Hua? As a surname, I saw it in Shangshu? Zhou Shu? "Wu Cheng" refers to the descendants of the holy king, that is, the nobles in ancient society. This is the original narrow connotation. then what Hua? As a surname, read "Northern History"? Biography of the Western Regions refers to all the people in China. This is a broad connotation. What about the future? Hua? As a surname, it has been passed down to this day and has become the established address of all China people. Even if you move overseas, you are also called overseas Chinese. If there are other nationalities, they are also called foreign Chinese.

Are you online? Hua? After the formation of clan names, some impressive dynasty names in history were also circulated as nicknames for China people, such as Qin people, which can be found in historical records? Dawanchuan; Tang people, see Ming history? Foreign true wax biography; Even after the Khitan became famous in the north, it became another name for China people.

? China? Words, see Pei Songzhi note "reflection? Zhuge Liang biography. Its origin can be traced back to? China Zhu Hua? . ? China Zhu Hua? Han Gao's famous sentence "Lv Chunqiu? "A short choice. What does that mean? Descendants of China's saints? . A.D. 3? In the 6th century, that is, during the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Huns, Xianbei, Xiongan, Xi and Qiang nationalities gathered in the Central Plains to establish political power. At that time, the central position of the Central Plains was highly respected. All the nationalities who moved in showed a strong sense of identity with the traditions of the Central Plains. ? China? As a concept that surpassed the Han nationality at that time and was compatible with all the nationalities who moved into the frontier at that time, this word was raised loudly. Whether you can live in China orthodoxy has become a potential standard for a regime to obtain legal existence qualification in the face of public opinion at that time. Therefore, the political power established by the migrated ethnic groups has found the basis that they are descendants of saints and should live in China orthodoxy from the aspects of bloodline, geography and cultural system.

For example, the Tuoba people in Xianbei describe themselves as descendants of the Yellow Emperor. Have you seen Shu Wei? Preface "; Xianbei Yuwen claimed to be a descendant of Emperor Yan. Have you seen Zhou Shu? Emperor Ji; Iron auxiliary Xiongnu Liu (Helian Bobo) according to the historical records? The biography of Xiongnu records that he emphasized his Xia royal lineage and called the established regime Xia et al. Even Rouran, who was far away in Mobei, signed it when he was strong? Huang Rui? , claiming? Recover China? For your responsibility, see in Nanqi's book? Biography of Rui Rui. At the same time? Shun is a foreigner? 、? Dayu was born in Xiqiang, and Wen Wang was born in? And so on, often from the mouth of the kings of past dynasties, to the sage of China himself in the Ming Dynasty, there are many precedents from frontier nationalities. In addition, some regimes emphasized the geographical connotation of China. Living in the land of China, the country of the former king, of course, is China orthodoxy.

Did the Tang Dynasty formally appear in the law? China? This word. On the Laws of Tang Dynasty was written in the 4th year of Tang Yonghui (AD 653) by Sun Chang Wuji (hereinafter referred to as "On the Laws of Tang Dynasty"). Among them, what are the three famous examples? China? The word is interpreted as follows: China people, China also. I was taught by the king and belonged to China. Dress dignified, customs filial piety, etiquette norms, so it is called China. ? This means that all administrative divisions and cultural systems belonging to China are called China.

Contemporary scholars generally believe that? Nation? As a modern ethnological term, "Yi" is a foreign word, which was introduced into China from Japan at the end of 19. Previously, in the ancient Chinese literature in China, some words referred to the homonym of people. People? 、? People? 、? Family? 、? Home? Wait a minute. These words are used alone. The word "nation" is occasionally used together, but it is a plural concept, referring to various social organizations and groups in ancient China. For example, the preface to Taibai Silence written by Li Zhi in the Tang Dynasty, right? Fools get it (mind) and destroy the country by abandoning clan society? Words.

? Zongshe nationality? Refers to various social organizations in ancient society. Clan refers to the social organization that sacrifices ancestors, and society refers to the social organization that sacrifices land. Clan society pays special attention to hierarchical order when it comes to gathering and offering sacrifices. People refer to various groups in daily life, such as ancient scholars, farmers, workers and businessmen. Four people? (See Gu Liangchuan? In the first year "), does it still exist today? Farmers? Address. Clans refer to social groups with the same geographical location, such as? Si Lu is a family? (see Zhou Li? Local officials "), Lu is a neighbor of twenty-five, and the surnames of hundreds of neighbors are surname; Clans also refer to social groups with the same blood, such as father, son and grandson (see Zhou Li? Guan Chun), grandfather's uncle to great-grandson, are nine families. In the preface of "Too White Silence"? Nation? Although these two words are used together, they are different from modern ones. Nation? This word has obvious differences.

Are you online? Nation? After the word was introduced into China, it came into being? Chinese nation? This ethnology vocabulary. ? Chinese nation? It is a concept that appeared in modern times, and it is relative to foreign nations. As the modern scholar Liang Qichao said: There you meet another family and have it immediately. I'm from China? One idea that comes to my mind is that I am a member of the Chinese nation. ? But as mentioned earlier, the national entity of China is far away? Chinese nation? This clan name was formed thousands of years before it appeared.

For thousands of years, the names of various ethnic groups within the Chinese nation have been constantly changing, and they have changed for about a few hundred years. The evolution of ethnic names shows the change of historical connotation; Some ethnic groups have risen, some ethnic groups have died, some ethnic groups have migrated, and some ethnic groups have changed their names after merging with other ethnic groups. Although the internal structure of the Chinese nation is constantly changing, especially the change of the central plains regime, some ethnic groups often migrate to the frontier and even overseas; Other frontier tribes gathered in the Central Plains to establish political power. However, no matter how it changes internally, the Chinese nation itself has always been a permanent subject that has embraced the development of all ethnic groups in China for thousands of years.