What is the Ocean Pharmacy like?

China has a long coastline, and coastal residents make a living by fishing. In the process of dealing with the ocean for a long time, they have accumulated rich experience in using marine medicinal materials. They use cuttlefish to stop bleeding, yellow croaker glue to treat skin cracking, starfish ash to treat stomach pain, abalone shell to treat high blood pressure and so on. There are many marine drugs in Chinese classic medical literature, such as Syngnathus, Hippocampus for nourishing and strengthening the body, and Kelp for treating iodine deficiency neck disease. It can be seen that China is the first country in the world to widely use marine drugs, but it only stays in experience because of its underdeveloped technology.

In recent 20 years, with the progress of science and technology, especially the development of marine engineering technology, human beings have really paid full attention to marine drugs. From 65438 to 0967, some western scientists held the first international conference on marine drugs in the United States. Since then, modern scientific theories and technical means have been applied to truly study marine drugs. At present, scientists all over the world have made some research achievements in marine drugs.

Penicillin is the first antibiotic discovered by human beings. Since the production of 1943 began, it has saved thousands of lives in Qian Qian. But now penicillin has been replaced by cephalosporin, which has a wider antibacterial range and stronger bactericidal power and will not produce drug resistance. Cephalosporin is produced by scientists from a microbial cephalosporium in offshore sewage.

Doctors often use antibiotics in medical treatment to prevent and treat diseases caused by microorganisms. Scientists have extracted various antibiotics from 230 kinds of algae, which are widely used in medicine.

In the ocean, there is an arthropod called horseshoe crab, which appeared 400 million years ago. It is an ancient creature, the earliest place with bacteria, and it has not been harmed by bacteria. Thus, horseshoe crab has a strong immune ability. After research, scientists found that horseshoe crabs are covered with medicine, and meat can cure hemorrhoids and kill insects. Using its blood to make limulus lysate reagent, it is used for clinical rapid diagnosis of meningitis, liver cirrhosis and other diseases in medicine; Human hemagglutinin can be extracted from the blood protein of limulus, and the immune function of human body can be detected.

Many marine organisms have venom and toxins, which are of great interest to marine pharmaceutical scientists.

Nezha with Eight Arms is a mythical figure. There is a powerful animal with eight arms in the ocean, namely octopus, which belongs to mollusk. Its eight long arms are called brachiopods, not swimming organs, but used to crawl and grab food on the seabed. Large octopuses often fight some fierce fish by waving their wrists, and they are often winners. When it preys on shellfish, it will spit out a toxic secretion, paralyze shellfish first, and then digest shellfish. Scientists extract this toxin from octopus and inject it into vertebrates, which will cause obvious vasodilation and blood pressure reduction.

People always think that the most terrible thing is sharks. In fact, the sea snake, the offspring of cobra, is the most terrible animal. Shine on you is better than blue, and sea snakes are many times more toxic than cobras. Therefore, sea snakes are very precious medicinal materials, which have the functions of expelling wind and relieving pain, promoting blood circulation and dredging collaterals. In the late 1960s, scientists used sea snake venom to treat ischemic cerebral thrombosis and myocardial infarction, and the effect was remarkable.

There is a saying: eat puffer fish to death. The puffer fish is a kind of fish, which is produced along the coast of China. The meat of puffer fish is delicious, but its ovary, blood and liver are highly toxic. Tetrodotoxin extracted from puffer fish is a good local anesthetic in medicine. It only takes a very small amount to take effect, and its sedative effect is thousands of times greater than that of cocaine.

In the ocean, there are many humble animals, which are of great medicinal value to human beings.

In the crevices of shallow seabed rocks, there lives an animal that looks like a chrysanthemum, called an anemone. Anemone and jellyfish are close relatives, jellyfish is people's favorite food, and anemone is the raw material of human medicine. Children who don't pay attention to hygiene and eat unclean food will get parasitic diseases, such as roundworms and pinworms. The medicine made of anemone can kill these parasites, and it can also treat tinea. Some anemones can extract anticoagulant, some anemone extracts can treat leukemia, and there is another substance in anemone, which is an ideal cardiotonic.

Marine life has provided mankind with huge drug resources. 2 1 century, humans will develop them one by one. Among the drugs used in hospitals, many are made of marine biological raw materials, including specific drugs with remarkable curative effect and special therapeutic effect on certain diseases, drugs to revive the dead, health-care drugs to prolong life and so on.