Shallow rural sewage treatment methods to explore?

Shallow discussion of rural sewage treatment methods to explore the specifics of what, the following Zhongda Consulting for you to answer.

A China's rural sewage treatment methods

1 activated sludge method. For a long time, urban domestic sewage is mostly used in activated sludge method, which is one of the most widely used biological treatment processes in the world. It has the advantages of high treatment capacity and good effluent water quality. The method is mainly composed of aeration tank, sedimentation tank, sludge return and residual sludge discharge system. Wastewater and refluxed activated sludge enter the aeration tank together to form a mixture. Aeration tank is a biological reactor, through the aeration equipment filled with air, the oxygen in the air dissolved into the mixture, resulting in aerobic metabolic reactions, and so that the mixture gets enough stirring and is suspended, so that the organic matter in the wastewater, oxygen and microorganisms can be fully contacted and reacted. Subsequently, the mixture enters the sedimentation tank, the suspended solids in the mixture in the sedimentation tank sink down and water separation, out of the sedimentation tank is purified water.

2 biofilm method. In the development and application of biological treatment of wastewater, activated sludge and biofilm method has been dominant. Biofilm method is mainly used to remove dissolved organic pollutants from wastewater, the main feature is that microorganisms attached to the media "filter media" surface, the formation of biofilm, sewage and biofilm contact. Dissolved organic pollutants are adsorbed by microorganisms into H2O, CO2, NH3 and microbial cellular material, sewage is purified, the required oxidation is generally directly from the atmosphere. Biofilm treatment system is suitable for the treatment of small and medium-sized municipal wastewater, the treatment structures used are high-load biofilter and bio-turntable, biofilter in the south of China is more suitable. With the development of new fillers and the continuous improvement of supporting technology, and activated sludge method parallel to the development of biofilm treatment process in recent years to rapid development. As the biofilm method has a high processing efficiency, good shock load resistance, low mud production, covers an area of less, easy to operate and manage, etc., in the treatment of highly competitive.

3 oxidation method. Oxidation method is currently widely used and has great potential for development of urban sewage pretreatment method. According to the type of oxidizer and the type of reactor. Oxidation method can be divided into chemical oxidation, catalytic oxidation, (catalytic) wet oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation, supercritical oxidation and so on. Although the chemical oxidation method is simple to operate, it is not used much in urban domestic wastewater treatment applications because its treatment effect is not very satisfactory and because of its high operating cost. In order to achieve the purpose of improving the treatment effect and reducing the operation cost at the same time, some other oxidation technologies have been developed. Photocatalytic oxidation method has simple equipment, mild operating conditions, strong oxidizing ability, strong bactericidal effect, and thorough treatment, therefore, it has excellent application prospects in the deep treatment of water and the treatment of organic wastewater which is difficult to be biodegraded, and it has become a very active research topic at home and abroad, and some experts predicted that oxidative method will become one of the important methods in wastewater treatment in the 21st century.

4 artificial biological purification: artificial biological purification, is to create conditions for artificial microbial reproduction, artificial domestication of microorganisms, the use of microbial metabolism degradation of organic matter in the water, is currently the main domestic and foreign sewage secondary treatment process.

5 natural biological purification treatment: the main use of microorganisms in the soil and plant roots or the role of microorganisms in the pond to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the water.

6 artificial biological purification and natural biological purification: in rural areas where land resources are abundant and land prices are relatively cheap, the use of a combination of artificial biological purification and natural biological purification treatment has its practical significance in economically underdeveloped areas.

Two China's rural sewage treatment development trend

1 "both hands have to grasp, both hands have to be hard", economic development and sewage treatment business coordinated development

City sewage is the product of the economic development of the urban complex, sewage increase and the urban economic development is still synchronized with the city's economic development, the faster the sewage treatment work will be the same. The faster the sewage treatment work is also the heavier. We can not pay too much attention to economic development and neglect the protection of water resources. People's lives can not do without water, industrial and agricultural development can not do without water, so the relevant government departments should take out part of the funds to support the protection of water resources. If we lose sight of the other will cause serious pollution to the ecological environment, and ultimately affect the development of the economy. In order to future urban construction should adhere to the production line and sewage treatment synchronization, adhere to and encourage the development of green products and inputs; has been built and put into production production lines and no pollution control measures should be put forward to the requirements of the deadline for the treatment to help it to formulate an operable implementation of the program.

2 change the operating mechanism of the sewage industry, from business to business-type transformation

Changing the mechanism of the sewage industry is twofold, the first aspect of the reason is that many urban sewage treatment enterprises are still institutions, the lack of modern management tools, the government and enterprises are not separate, the staff in the post of inefficiency, poor responsibility, seriously affecting the industry's development; the other aspect of the reason is that the sewage industry costs a lot of money, but also to help it formulate an operational implementation plan. The reason is that the sewage treatment industry is more costly, the local government can afford its operating costs are more difficult, so the trend of development forced the sewage treatment plant operating mechanism by the cause of the change into a business-oriented, enterprises in accordance with the market economy model to charge their own. The state has a clear regulation of the charge, the local government should be in accordance with the region's sewage treatment industry needs of funding and local factories and enterprises, the ability of residents to afford to give the policy of increasing the charge.

3 sludge final disposal to harmless, resource direction

Sewage treatment plant sludge in the final disposal, according to the classification of sludge and the actual situation of the region can be used to dispose of; for example, purely domestic sewage treatment plant sludge after harmless treatment, can be used to do agricultural fertilizer; industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater mixed sewage sewage treatment plants produce Sludge should also be harmless treatment can be made for gardening, greening, flowers, fertilizer; pure industrial wastewater in the inorganic process and the treatment of toxic gases, sludge can be used as raw materials for building materials.

Three China's rural sewage treatment status analysis

1. The importance and urgency of rural sewage treatment work. With the rapid economic development of towns and cities and the increase in population, the amount of sewage discharged from towns and cities is increasing, due to the lack of necessary sewage collection and treatment facilities, domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharged into the water body together, making the vast majority of the rural water environment is becoming increasingly serious pollution, and has become an important source of pollution of the regional water environment. Rural sewage treatment has become the focus of China's water pollution control, the problem of its governance ah imminent.

2. The basic situation of the rural sewage facilities project. The basic situation of rural sewage facilities project construction is not optimistic, in terms of its quality and quantity can not reach a certain standard, according to the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" national urban sewage treatment and recycling facilities construction plan "requirements, by 2015 the county sewage treatment rate to reach an average of 70%, the sewage treatment rate of the towns of the establishment of an average of 30%. The sewage treatment rate of county cities and formed towns should reach 70% on average by 2015, and 30% on average. As of the end of 2010 the actual sewage treatment rate of county towns and formed towns and the projected target there is a large gap, China's rural sewage treatment facilities need to be further developed and promoted.

3. The shock load generated by wastewater is large. Wastewater generated by the impact of the larger load is the construction of rural sewage treatment facilities need to solve the problem. Many of the more environmentally polluting enterprises will choose the plant in the countryside, to achieve the purpose of reducing costs. In the actual production of these industrial enterprises did not strictly enforce the provisions of the production of wastewater pretreatment, the high concentration of industrial wastewater discharged into the rural sewers, which is very obvious environmental hazards in rural areas, coupled with the rural sewage treatment plant is in the early stages of construction of a smaller scale, the ability to withstand the impact of the load of pollutants is greater, to a certain extent, enterprises to reduce the cost of production with this method seriously affects the normal operation of the rural sewage treatment plant. The normal operation of the treatment plant.

4. Higher operating costs. Rural sewage treatment appeared to run the problem of higher costs, rural sewage treatment plant effluent water quality are implemented in accordance with the standards, the implementation of the standards are strongly supported by the state, many projects by the state directly allocated funds for the construction, because the operating costs are too high, so it is difficult to meet the standards of construction funds in the construction of the construction of the project directly affects the quality of the construction of the project, some of the project's actual operation of the amount of water is lower than that of the design, and a number of Disappointment project is not as good as and end. Many rural sewage treatment facilities are required to continuously reduce costs, more beneficial promotion and development.

In summary: the current rural sewage discharge arbitrarily, resulting in watersheds and other water pollution, at the same time the rural economic development can not catch up with the towns and cities, the regional characteristics of the prominent, etc., so the construction of new rural sewage treatment system is in urgent need of economic, efficient, automated and high integration of treatment systems to adapt to the diversity of sewage in the rural areas of our region, etc.. In the selection of process, to combine the actual local conditions, such as water quality, water temperature, level of economic development and other factors, comprehensive consideration to determine the specific process.

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