Historical building conservation methods research?

The progress of the times and the development of science and technology, people's lifestyles have also changed, historical buildings have been unable to meet the new way of life, and many historical buildings are detached from the footsteps of the ever-developing city, and exist in a static isolated way in the city's important locations. By targeting different problems of historical buildings, comprehensively integrating and considering the three basic factors of history, status quo and future of old buildings, we try to analyze and solve the problems of current status quo from the cultural history of the buildings and increase the vitality of the future buildings to achieve the purpose of dynamic protection, so that the historical buildings can be reintegrated into the rhythm of the modern society and continue to play their value and serve the society.

From ancient times to the present, people have adopted two basic ways of utilizing buildings - new construction and reuse. China has the longest continuous and unbroken independent system in the world, and the conservation of China's historical architectural heritage can be traced back to the early 1950s, when Mr. Liang Sicheng's study on the conservation of the capital, Beijing, was first conducted. Subsequently, after experiencing the disordered state of urban construction in the 1980s, in 1982, the State Council announced the drafting of the first batch of twenty-four national historical and cultural cities, and the protection of China's historical and cultural heritage formally became an important part of the city's overall planning. After 20 years, many of the historical and cultural cities have prepared protection plans and formulated various protection measures. So far, the theory and practice of China's historical building protection have achieved certain results, but the leakage of the problem is also quite a lot.

I. Problems of China's historic building protection

1. Frozen static protection of a single rigid provisions of the scope of protection, restrictions on building height, volume, style, etc., emphasizing the tangible physical environment, but ignoring the protection of intangible resources, only considering the current existence of the object of the protection of the material, disregard for the protection of the object of the future development of the protection of the object of the object of the detachment from the urban development rhythm, more and more unable to integrate into society. The result is that the protected objects are detached from the rhythm of urban development and are increasingly unable to integrate into society. In the end, it can only stand in the important position of the city in the form of a static island.2. The singularity of historical building protection In the process of historical building protection, a one-size-fits-all approach has been adopted, with one-sided and single-sided protection of the traditional architectural heritage, ignoring the modern architecture and urban texture. The consequence is the separation of traditional architectural heritage from the city, the discontinuity of urban landscape features, and the lack of the concept of protection of the overall environment of the city. 3. Constructive damage in the practice of historic building protection, local officials, in order to pursue economic benefits, a large number of construction projects, such as "a street of imitations of antiquity" and "fake antiques", which have led to the destruction of the city's historic buildings. In order to pursue economic benefits, local officials build a large number of "antique street" and "fake antique" projects, which later lead to the destruction of the historical and cultural atmosphere. Not only the economic benefits have not been achieved, but also destroyed the original cultural environment. 4. imitation and reconstruction also for the development of commercial tourism, many cities in the absence of historical buildings, a large number of reconstruction, imitation. Some rebuild ancient Chinese buildings, and some imitation of foreign buildings, resulting in great cultural damage and destruction of the urban environment. Such protection and utilization of historical buildings can be said to be the cart before the horse.

Theoretical research on the protection methods of foreign historical buildings

1. New protection methods and cases of foreign historical buildings In the 19th century to the 1960s, the West adopted the frozen protection for the precious historical buildings found. However, after the 1960s, the understanding of the protection of historic buildings, the West emphasized the continuity and continuous development in the protection of historic buildings, which also reflects the dynamic point of view. The Nairobi Recommendations of 1976 and the Barra Charter of 1979 of Australia clearly mentioned "adaptive reuse" and maintaining the continuity of historic districts. Since the 1990s, in the West, the planning concepts of "continuous planning", "rolling development" and "controlled planning" with a distinctive dynamic nature have been widely accepted by the planning community. In the conservation of old cities, the "step-by-step" approach to renovation is widely advocated. In Japan, in the 1960s, due to the rapid economic development, the cityscape suffered a serious impact, and a large number of historical buildings were demolished and rebuilt, making the survival of historical buildings in the city a matter of concern. After taking reference from the advanced cultural protection systems in Europe and the United States, Japan also started to implement its own registration system. It is a system of designating protected areas where the heritage is close to daily life, where the historical environment of the city is revitalized, and where traditional architectural groups are integrated with the surrounding environment to form a historical landscape. The registration system is of great significance for the construction of high quality cities and quiet homes. Historic buildings in France are protected by the state and are not allowed to be demolished, and the main ways of reuse are alterations and additions.

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