How many traditional festivals are there in China? Give details.

The legal holidays in China are: New Year's Day (January 1); Chinese New Year (Lunar New Year); International Working Women's Day (March 8); Arbor Day (March 12); International Labor Day (May 1); Chinese Youth Day (May 4); Nurses' International Day (May 12); Children's Day (June 1); Anniversary of the Birth of the ****anufacturing Party of China (July 1); Founding of the People's Liberation Army Day (August 1); Teachers' Day (September 10); National Day (October 1); Journalists' Day (November 8)

China's New Year's Day is rumored to have begun in Zhuanxu, one of the three emperors, more than 3,000 years ago. The term "New Year's Day" first appeared in a poem in the Book of Jin: "Zhuan Di took the first month of the summer as the first month of the year, and in fact, it was the spring of the first month of the year". During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Xiao Ziyun's poem "Jieya" also recorded that "New Year's Day is the first day of the four seasons, and the first day of spring is the first day of ten thousand years".

China's major traditional festivals include the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, and Mid-Autumn Festival. In addition, various ethnic minorities also keep their own traditional festivals, such as the Water Festival of the Dai, the Naadam Festival of the Mongols, the Torch Festival of the Yi, the Danu Festival of the Yao, the March Street of the Bai, the Song Wei of the Zhuang, the Tibetan Year of the Tibetan calendar and the Wangguo Festival, and the Flower Jumping Festival of the Miao, etc.

The Spring Festival is the most important of all the traditional festivals in China.

The Spring Festival is the first traditional festival of the year for Chinese people. In the past, the Spring Festival was called "New Year" because, according to the lunar calendar that has been used throughout Chinese history, it is the first day of the first month, the beginning of a new year. According to records, the Chinese people have been celebrating the Spring Festival for more than 4,000 years, and it was started by Yu Shun. On a day more than 2,000 years B.C., Shun became the son of heaven and led his men to worship heaven and earth. Since then, this day has been regarded as the first day of the year, the first day of the first month. This is said to be the origin of the Lunar New Year, later called the Spring Festival, which was renamed the Spring Festival after the 1911 Xinhai Revolution, when China adopted the Gregorian calendar to celebrate the Chinese New Year (which falls between late January and mid-February on the Gregorian calendar). During the Spring Festival, families put up Spring Festival couplets, post New Year's paintings, and decorate their homes. The night before the Spring Festival is called "New Year's Eve" and is an important time for family reunions, when the whole family gathers for a sumptuous "New Year's Eve Dinner"; many people stay up all night to "observe the New Year". The next day, people start to go to the homes of their friends and relatives to "pay their respects", to greet each other and to wish all the best for the new year. During the Spring Festival, traditional recreational activities such as lion dances, dragon lantern dances, rowing dry boats and stilt walking are most common.

The 15th day of the first month of the Lunar Calendar is the Lantern Festival, which is also known as the Shangyuan Festival, the Night of Lanterns, and the Festival of Lights. It is the first full moon night after the Spring Festival. According to legend, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (179-157 years ago) celebrated Zhou Bo's pacification of the chaos of Zhu Lu on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month by going out of the palace to play and have fun with the people on this night, and designated the fifteenth day of the first lunar month as the Lantern Festival. Sima Qian created the Taichu Calendar, which listed the Lantern Festival as a major festival. Since the Sui, Tang and Song dynasties, it has been even more popular. "Sui book - music": "Whenever the first month, all the countries to the court, stay until the 15th in the Duanmen outside the Jianguo Gate, stretching eight miles, the play for the theater", to participate in the songs and dances up to tens of thousands of people, from the dusk to the end of the day, to the obscurity and stop. When with the changes in society and the times, the Lantern Festival customs and habits have long had greater changes, but is still a traditional Chinese folk festival. During the Lantern Festival, it is customary to eat Lanterns and watch lanterns. Lanterns are made of glutinous rice flour and filled with fruit and sugar, and are round in shape, symbolizing "reunion". The Lantern Festival began in the first century A.D. and is still practiced today. On the night of the Lantern Festival, many cities hold lantern festivals, displaying a variety of colored lanterns, novel shapes and colors; in the countryside, recreational activities are held, such as fireworks, stilt walkers, dragon lanterns, rice-planting songs, swinging, and so on.

China and the Festival in the second month of the lunar calendar, commonly known as the dragon head. At this time around the hibernation, spring returns to the earth, everything revives, hibernating in the mud or cave insects, snakes and beasts will wake up from hibernation, the legendary dragon also woke up from his slumber, so the name of the dragon carries the head. In ancient times, the dragon was a sacred symbol, so it was used to expel pests. In the Ming Dynasty, it was popular to smoke insects. On February 2, people would fry the remaining cakes from the New Year's Day sacrifice in oil to smoke the beds and kangs, which was called smoking insects. In the countryside, the people with grass ash winding around the house in a circle, and then into the yard around the water tank in a circle, in the lead back to the dragon. Interestingly, the food and drink on this day are also named after dragons. Eat dumplings called eat dragon ear, eat spring cake in eat dragon scales, eat noodles called eat dragon beard, now the "dragon beard noodles" is probably the name. Children shave their heads and cut their hair on this day, called "shaving the dragon's head". Women do not move the needle and thread on this day, it is said to avoid hurting the dragon's eye. There are also candles to light the walls of the house, "February 2, light the beams, scorpions and centipedes have no place to hide," the saying. However, this festival has now been forgotten, but eating spring cakes and other customs still exist.

Tomb-sweeping and ancestor worship on April 5 around the Qingming Festival. The Qingming Festival was also known as the March Festival in ancient times and has a history of more than 2,000 years. Around April 5 on the Gregorian calendar for the Qingming Festival, is one of the twenty-four solar terms. Among the 24 solar terms, only Qingming is both a solar term and a festival. The Qingming Festival was originally a festival to worship ancestors, but nowadays more activities are carried out on this day to visit the tombs of martyrs and pay tribute to the martyrs. At the time of the Qingming Festival, the weather turns warm, grass and trees sprout, people often go to the countryside in groups to trekking, kite flying, and enjoy the spring scenery, so the Qingming Festival is sometimes called "trekking festival".

Duanwu mourning patriotic ancestors on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar is the Dragon Boat Festival, the original name "Dragon Boat Festival". The "Taiping Yuban" Volume 31 cited the "customs" have "midsummer end five, end, the beginning of the" sentence. It is generally believed that it was created to honor the ancient Chinese poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan (about 340 BC - before 278 years) is the warring states period chu people, he was unable to realize his political ideals, but also unable to save the fall of the state of chu, when the qin state after the destruction of chu, the fifth day of may hold the stone thrown into the bioluo river self-sinking; riverside people know, they have been driving a boat to salvage the body of qu yuan. To commemorate the great patriotic poet, later generations set this day as the Dragon Boat Festival. Every this festival, folk with incense bags, eat zongzi, dragon boat race custom. Fragrance bag that Qu Yuan's character and virtue of integrity as Xin posthumous art, forever: Zongzi was originally to prevent the fish to Qu Yuan's body to eat, and then become a festival food, rowing dragon boat is said to go to the rescue of Qu Yuan.

The seventh night of the seventh month of the lunar calendar, known as the "Tanabata", is the legendary day of the Cowherd and the Weaving Maiden meet every year. On this eve, the girls will put on colorful strings and wear seven-hole needles in the courtyard. It is said that the one who finishes first is the most skillful. It is also known as the "Begging for Coquettishness Festival" and the "Maiden's Festival" because it is mostly attended by girls.

The Mid-Yuan Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar. It is the birthday of the legendary Earth Officer, so it is also known as the "Ghost Festival". Buddhists set up "Bon" on this day, give fasting for monks, hold chanting and Buddhist rituals, as well as water and land dojos, river lanterns and other religious activities. In China, the Bon Festival was first organized around the time of Emperor Wu of Liang (in the first half of the sixth century). Nowadays, there are fewer people who hold "Bon", but the custom of releasing river lanterns is still passed down in some areas.

Mid-Autumn Reunion The 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar is the Mid-Autumn Festival, also known as the "Reunion Festival". The 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar is the Mid-Autumn Festival, also known as the "Reunion Festival". The Mid-Autumn Festival originated from the ancient imperial ritual of sacrificing the moon in the fall. Since the Wei, Jin, Tang and Song dynasties, it has gradually evolved into a custom of enjoying the moon. The term "Mid-Autumn Festival" was first used in the book "Zhou Li", and it was during the Tang Dynasty that a national festival was formed. It is rumored that the formation of this important festival of the Chinese nation is related to the story of "Emperor Tang Ming Huang's dream of visiting the Moon Palace". In ancient times, every Mid-Autumn Festival, people used refined cakes to offer sacrifices to the moon god; after the sacrifices, the whole family ate them to show that the whole family was united and happy. This custom has been passed down to this day.

The Chongyang Festival is the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar, a festival that emerged after the Wei and Jin dynasties. The names "Chongyang" and "Chongjiu" originated in the Three Kingdoms era. There are five main traditional customs. One is to climb high, this time the autumn high, pleasant scenery, it is a good season to travel, both can cultivate interest, but also beneficial to health. The second is to insert cornelian cherry, can drive autumn mosquitoes and pests. The third is to drink wine and enjoy chrysanthemums. In September of the lunar calendar is when the chrysanthemums are in full bloom, ornamental chrysanthemums, drink a few cups of chrysanthemum wine, but also the Chongyang Festival of fun. The fourth is to eat Chongyang cake. People make the grain into a tender and delicious rice cake, known as Chrysanthemum Cake, and "cake" and "high" resonance, eating is said to be able to step up. The fifth is to carry out activities to honor the elderly, from ancient times to the present day to honor the old winds continue.

The eighth day of the twelfth month of the lunar calendar (also known as Lunar month), commonly known as Laha. Earlier legend has it that this day is the day of Siddhartha Gautama, monasteries have to cook porridge to sacrifice Buddha, and later became a folk custom to show that the grains are plentiful.

There is such a folk song; "every year a family busy, twenty-three days to sacrifice the king of the stove. In the middle of the table set up a table offering, with two plates of sugar on both sides. A bowl of water with black beans and hay, and an incense burning in the stove. The head of the family comes over and wishes the Zao Wang good luck". It reflects the scene of Zaos worship in the past. This day is particularly lively, some people even think that it is the "rehearsal" of the Lunar New Year, so it is also called the New Year. Now although there is a stove in the festival, but every year before and after the 23rd of Lunar New Year sold Guandong sugar, is still a favorite traditional food.