Distribution of Traditional Electronic Materials in Fangshan District

When writing in electronic arrangement, you should write in the order of electronic sublayers from inside to outside.

Electronic structure of germanium:

Therefore, the electron configuration of germanium should be 2( 1s2), 8(2s2+2p6), 18(3s2+3p6+3d 10), 4(4s2+4p2).

Therefore, the electronic configuration of the ground atom of germanium is 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4S2, 3d 10, 4p2.

Germanium: Germanium is a chemical element with chemical symbol Ge and atomic number 32. In the periodic table of chemical elements, it is located in the fourth period and IVA family. It is a gray-white metal, shiny and hard, belonging to the carbon family, and its chemical properties are similar to those of tin and silicon in the same family. In nature, germanium has five isotopes with atomic weights between 70 and 76. It can form many different organometallic compounds.

Semiconductor material: Semiconductor material is an electronic material with semiconductor properties (the conductivity is between conductor and insulator, and the resistivity is about 1mωcm ~ 1gωcm), which can be used to make semiconductor devices and integrated circuits.

The elements with semiconductor materials are 1 1, which are distributed in ⅲ a to ⅶ a groups of the periodic table of elements, and C, P and Se are in the form of insulators and semiconductors. B, Si, Ge and Te are semiconductors; Tin, arsenic and antimony have two forms: semiconductor and metal. The melting point and boiling point of P are too low, and the vapor pressure of I is too high, which is easy to decompose and of little practical value. The stable states of arsenic, antimony and tin are metals, but semiconductors are unstable. B, C and Te have not been utilized due to the difficulties in preparation and performance limitations. Therefore, in the 1 1 element semiconductor, only three elements such as Ge, Si and Se are utilized. Germanium and silicon are still the two most widely used semiconductor materials.