Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional virtues - What are the benefits of Confucius' method of educating students If you are a teacher what will you do?

What are the benefits of Confucius' method of educating students If you are a teacher what will you do?

Confucius as a great educator in ancient China, in the long-term practice of education, accumulated a very rich teaching experience, created a fruitful teaching methods, summarized and advocated a number of valuable education advocates and principles, formed a relatively complete system of educational thought. His educational experience and principles, is a valuable legacy of traditional Chinese educational thought, still has a proven significance in guiding our educational practice. I. In Confucius' educational thought, the epoch-making and the most glorious thought should be to teach without class. Before Confucius, the aristocracy monopolized the right of culture and education, the common people had no possibility of education, education was only limited to the highest ruling class within the scope of the matter, the purpose of education is only for the ruler to train the successor. The aristocratic nature of schools hindered the spread and development of civilization and stifled the desire of the common people to learn. From the age of about thirty, Confucius broke with the stereotypes of history by founding private schools and explicitly put forward the idea that there is no difference between education and education (Lunyu - Wei Linggong). He believed that all mortals could be educated to follow goodness, that they should be educated without discrimination, and that education should not be monopolized by the aristocracy. This idea of education created a new path of cultural downward mobility and popularization of education, which was an epoch-making revolutionary initiative in the history of Chinese education and a breakthrough of revolutionary significance in the history of human education. The private school created by Confucius also became an epoch-making symbol in the history of Chinese education with the school in the government as opposed to the school immigrants. Teaching without class is an important part of Confucius' educational thought and a summary of his lifelong educational practice. He did not distinguish between class, nobility and inferiority, regardless of geographic location, no distinction between the wise and the foolish, as long as the modest heart to learn, self-restraint repair (ten dried meat) and above, he all assiduously carry out the education ("Analects of Confucius - Shui而"). Except for Nangong Jingshu and Sima Niu, the rest of the students Confucius recruited were mostly from poor backgrounds. From the beginning of his schooling until his death at the age of 73, Confucius did not interrupt his favorite education even during the ten years he was in politics in the state of Lu (serving as the chief imperial inspector and so on) and traveling around various countries. He persistently overcame all kinds of difficulties and resistance to develop private education, and with his life's work and life, he composed a triumphal song of outstanding education, and made great contributions to the history of the Chinese nation and even the whole of mankind. According to the Records of the Grand Historian, Confucius' Family, Confucius taught Poetry, Books, Rites, and Music, and his disciples numbered three thousand, and seventy of them were proficient in the six arts. A person who spent almost all of his adult life engaged in education and cultivated so many useful talents can really be called a tireless teacher. Learning without boredom and teaching without tirelessness are what people have been praising Confucius for since ancient times, and they are also the main contents of his noble virtues as a teacher. Confucius often demanded this of himself. When his students praised him for his holiness and benevolence, he said, "If holiness and benevolence, how dare I? If I am not tired of being a teacher, and if I am not tireless in teaching others, then I can say that I have already done so. ("Analects - Shui Er") Confucius educated his students, not only tireless, but also without concealment, and thus won the unlimited respect and admiration of his students. Confucius died, the students as dead parents in general, in the Confucius tomb beside the hut and live, filial piety for three years. Zigong y respected by the teacher, teacher-student relationship is better than father and son, he guarded the tomb of Confucius for six years. There is such a tireless teacher, in order to have such a hut three years, six years of students. Two. Teach according to the material, and good guidance in education and teaching, Confucius has many inventions. Some of these creations even today after more than two thousand years to see, but also still do not lose its meaning of the truth. Teaching according to the ability of the student and progressing step by step is one of the most valuable of them. Since Confucius advocated teaching all students without discrimination in his educational policy, he also made it a point to recruit students from all walks of life. As a result, there were great differences among students in terms of age, character, hobbies, intelligence, ability, morality, knowledge base, attitude toward learning, and willpower, etc. Confucius once made a remark about some students. Confucius once commented on some students: Chai is also foolish, Sen is also Lu, the teacher is also open, by also condole with. (The Analects of Confucius, "Zilu") back also its common, repeatedly empty; give not to be commanded, but the goods, a hundred million is repeatedly in. (Ibid.) This shows how well he knew his students. In order to enable different students to learn and grow, he taught according to the different characteristics of each individual, and tailored his teaching to the needs of his students. This can be illustrated by the example of Confucius' different answers to his students' questions about Ren in The Analects of Confucius: Zhong Gong asked about Ren. Zi said: Going out is like meeting a great guest, making the people like bearing a great sacrifice. Do not do unto others what you would not have them do unto you. There is no complaint in the state; there is no complaint at home. (Ibid.) Sima Niu asked Ren. Zi said, "The one who is benevolent is slow in speech. Zi said: Ren is as slow in speech as it is in speech. Zi said: It is difficult to say, the words can not be slow? (Ibid.) Fan Chi asked Ren. Zi said: love people. (Ibid.) Ren is the centerpiece of Confucius' ethical thinking and the highest moral standard in his mind. Five students asked the same question, and Confucius' answer varied according to the characteristics of each of them. Yan Yuan was the one of Confucius' students who had the best understanding of his thought, so Confucius' answer to him was more profound and abstract, involving the relationship between rites and benevolence. Zhong Gong, or Ran Yong, had a talent for government, and Confucius thought he could make Nanmian (《论语-雍也》, meaning he could be the governor of a place), so when Zhong Gong asked for advice on benevolence and virtue, Confucius's answer focused on the application of benevolence and virtue in government. Sima Niu was talkative and impatient (Shiji - Zhongni's Disciples' Biography), and Confucius corrected the deviation in his character by admonishing him that people of benevolence and virtue do not talk much, and speak as if they are sluggish. Fan Chi's comprehension was poor, so Confucius was more specific in his response, telling him that benevolence means loving others. Zi Zhang was sometimes too radical and good at taking things to extremes, while this kind of person was unkind in dealing with others. So when he asked for advice on benevolence, Confucius was more specific and detailed, telling him how to get along with others. Let's look at another example: Zi Lu asked: Hearing the Si-Hangzhu? Zi Lu said: There is a father and a brother, such as how it is to hear and act? Ran You said: Wenshi Xingzhu? Zi said: Wenshi Xingzhi. Gong Xihua said: by also asked 'wenshi xingzhu', Zi said: 'have father and brother in'; seek also asked 'wenshi xingzhu', Zi said: 'wenshi xingzhi'. Red was confused and dared to ask. The Tzu said: "Seek also to retreat, and therefore to advance; by also both people, and therefore to retreat. ("Analects - Advanced") This chapter specifies Confucius' principle of teaching according to ability. Zhu Xi, Song Dynasty, commented on this, saying: Confucius taught people according to their talents. (The same problem was raised by different students, and Confucius, in response to the different character traits of Ran You and Zi Lu, used the method of raising their strengths and avoiding their shortcomings to perfect their moral cultivation, providing a vivid demonstration of teaching according to one's ability for future generations. Confucius' teaching activities were characterized by his ability to start from the actual situation of his students and to teach them according to their different intellectual abilities. According to this principle, he understood the different interests, intelligence and abilities of his students, grasped the characteristics of each of them, and taught them differently. He classified the more outstanding students into four specialties: traditional education favors memorization and comprehension, and therefore focuses on duck-filling indoctrination and neglects inspirational guidance in educational methods. It puts students in the position of passive acceptance, cannot fully mobilize students' enthusiasm, and cannot enable students' creative spirit to be developed and cultivated. This method of education goes against the nature of human beings who have the ability to create and wish to realize their talents. Over time, it is bound to discourage and suppress students' enthusiasm. Students who cannot keep up will lose confidence and interest in learning, and they will feel that learning is a heavy burden, and they may even lose the quality of being studious and progressive. In fact, this tendency is quite different from Confucius' educational proposition and practice. I am a good scholar, I am a good scholar, I am a good scholar, I am a good scholar, I am a good scholar, I am a good scholar, I am a good scholar, I am a good scholar, and I am a good scholar. ("Analects - Zihan") This is the personal experience of Yan Hui, who has followed Confucius for many years, and he summarized the teaching method of Confucius.