What is A Bing's home?

A Bing (1893 August17-1950 June 5438+February 4) was a folk musician in China. His real name is Hua, and he is from Wuxi, Jiangsu. When he was young, he suffered from eye disease and blindness, and his life was bumpy.

After he became blind, he often played the hand-cranked huqin on the streets of Wuxi and Huishan with his pipa on his back, so he was called "blind A Bing".

biography

1893 Aug 17 A Bing was born in Yihe Mountain Residence next to Leizun Temple in Wuxi. His father Hua Qinghe (no. He is a Taoist in the Leizun Hall of Wuxi Palace. His mother Qin was born in a peasant family. She became a widow soon after her marriage, and her marriage with Huaqing River was reviled by her people. She died of depression a year after she was born in A Bing. When A Bing was born, he was sent by his father to his hometown in Xiaosifang Lane, Dongting Town, Wuxi County, and was raised by his family. After he was eight years old, he was taken back to Taoist Temple, where he was given the scientific name of Hua and posthumous title, and sent to a private school to study. Hua is proficient in all kinds of musical instruments and Taoist music. A Bing showed a rare talent for music when he was young. At the age of 65,438+00, his father taught him to beat stones to resist the cold and practice various rhythms (and later became a famous local drummer). /kloc-at the age of 0/2, A Bing began to learn to play the flute. His father often asked him to blow at the tuyere and hang an iron ring at the end of the flute to strengthen his wrist. Later, he simply replaced the iron ring with a weight. When A Bing studied erhu, he worked harder. His strings were dyed red with blood and his fingers were pulled out of thick cocoons. The outer strings of A Bing's erhu are much thicker than ordinary ones, which is inseparable from his perennial practice. /kloc-at the age of 0/7, A Bing officially participated in Taoist music performance. He is handsome and has a good voice. He is called "Little Shi Tian". 19 14, Hua died and became the Taoist priest in charge of Leizun Temple, taking turns to take charge of the incense income of Leizun Temple with his cousin Hua Boyang. Later, due to poor management, A Bing became addicted to opium and gradually fell into poverty. At the age of 34, he went blind one after another, and was forced by life to wander the streets and make a living by performing arts. 1939, A Bing married Dong Caidi, a rural widow in Jiangyin. 1950 In the summer, Professor Yang and Professor Cao Anhe from the Central Conservatory of Music made a special trip to Wuxi to play a recording. By this time, A Bing had completely given up music for three years. After three days of practice, he recorded it twice, leaving three erhu works, two springs reflecting the moon, listening to pines, cold spring breeze and big waves, and dragon boat. However, A Bing's favorite "plum blossom three lanes" was not recorded because there were not enough recording wires. Later, "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" and "Big Waves Wasting Sand" won the 20th Century Chinese Classical Music Award. 1950 In September, the Chinese Department of the Central Conservatory of Music planned to hire A Bing as a teacher, but at that time he was seriously ill and could not apply. He died on February 4, 2008 19565438 and was buried in the "Yihe Mountain House" cemetery at the foot of the western suburbs of Wuxi. His wife Dong Caidi died on March 27th, 195 1. A Bing's achievements in music have gone far beyond the barriers of family inheritance. He has learned from others and absorbed many skills, and reflected all his feelings about the painful life through music. His music works are permeated with the essence of traditional music, revealing a healthy and deep breath from the bottom of the people, sincere, gripping and full of strong artistic appeal. Anecdotal anecdote

People call A Bing "three are not poor": the people are not poor (not afraid of power); Poor people are not poor (not free to eat); Poor people are not poor (honest). In Wuxi, a landlord raped a girl of 13 years old at home. When A Bing knew about it, he immediately made up lyrics to praise it, exposing the evil deeds of the landlord, arousing public anger and scaring the landlord to flee for months without going home. On one occasion, the Kuomintang warlord Tang please hold a birthday party for his thirteen aunts. A Bing flatly refused and was beaten, but A Bing didn't give in, made up the lyrics and played the erhu to curse. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the Japanese occupied Wuxi, and a man named Zhang Shijun became a traitor. When A Bing found out, he made up words to scold him and was beaten again. Later the traitor was killed by the Japanese. A Bing clapped his hands and sang A Traitor's End along the street, which won applause from Wuxi people.

Music selection

Huishan Spring in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province is known as "the second spring in the world". Author Hua named this piece of music "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon", which not only brought people into the artistic conception of dead of night and cold spring moon, but also made people seem to see a person-an upright and tenacious blind artist telling people about his bumpy life. Followed by a brief introduction, the melody goes from the top sound to the horn sound, then ends with the horn sound, and finally ends with the gong sound. This is a microwave-shaped melody line, just like the author sitting by the spring meditating on the past (fragment 1). The second phrase has only two bars, and * * * appears six times in the whole song. It starts with the high octave at the end of the first phrase. Swinging up and down around the Gong Yin broke the silence in front and began to be high, revealing the author's infinite feelings (fragment 2). When entering the third sentence, the melody flows in the high-pitched area, and new rhythm factors appear. The melody is soft and firm, and the mood is more exciting. The theme gradually changed from calm and deep at the beginning to high spirits, which profoundly revealed the author's inner life feelings and tenacious and proud will to survive. The frequent use of his notes in performance makes the music feel a little sad, which is the emotional expression of a blind artist who has suffered from human bitterness and pain. The theme of the whole song has been changed five times. With the presentation, extension and development of the music, the feelings expressed are more fully expressed. Its variation technique mainly expresses the development and circuitous progress of music through the expansion and contraction of sentence width and the rise and fall of melody activity range. Many of its variations are not to express different musical feelings, but to deepen the theme, so the musical image created by music is relatively simple and concentrated. The speed of the whole song has not changed much, but the strength has changed greatly, from pp to ff. Whenever music longer than quarter notes is played, the intensity of the bow changes and the music fluctuates, which is exciting.

Edit this paragraph, characters experience.

A Bing's life is full of dramatic ups and downs. It is said that the only image he left in his life was a standard photo on the "Good Citizen's Card" during the Japanese and Puppet rule in Wuxi. In the photo, a skinny middle-aged man, wearing a pair of blind glasses and a broken felt hat, shows hardships and vicissitudes. Perhaps A Bing's fate is the reason why his music is touching. The illegitimate child of Huaqing River was deprived of the right of affection at birth. When his biological mother reluctantly ended her life in order to resist secular discrimination, some hidden parts of the child's personality could already be seen. The teenager who has been in foster care for several years has returned to his biological father, Hua Qinghe, and his eyes may be more puzzled. I know from the information that his name is "Master" and I came to see him as a Taoist father. Hua Qing and Xue Mei are proficient in all kinds of musical instruments. A Bing studied hard and soon mastered the playing skills of erhu, sanxian, pipa and flute. At the moment, A Bing still thinks that he is just an orphan who is taken care of by good people. However, when he was 2 1 year old, A Bing suddenly understood his life experience before Huaqing and died. The days after that are also very embarrassing! Hua, the new leader of Leizuntang in Wuxi Taoist Temple Virtual Palace, seems to be very laissez-faire, eating, drinking, gambling and even smoking opium. The absurd life brought absurd results: because syphilis invaded his eyes, he lost control of the Taoist temple. After living on the street, the tribe arranged Dong Caidi, a rural widow in Jiangyin, to take care of him. Things are so contradictory. A Bing didn't break the jar in pain and despair. In the following days, a creative folk artist who rapped about current events and entertained on the street was born again. He is the famous "A Bing the Blind". An article recalled by an eyewitness at that time said that after the Japanese army invaded Wuxi, A Bing and Dong Caidi went out to take refuge and worked as pianists playing sanxian in the Xianni Society of Kunqu Opera in Shanghai, and even played a mass role in the film "seventh heaven" filmed at that time. A Bing composed his most touching music during his life as a busker. There are many stories in Erhu Opera "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon". I accidentally read one of them, saying that Li Songshou, a professor at Nanjing Normal University, was a neighbor of A Bing when he was a child. He liked erhu when he was a teenager, and he often got advice from A Bing on playing techniques. Later, he was admitted to the folk music department of Nanjing Art Institute. It's getting colder every day. He moved his finger outside the teacher's piano room and pulled out a piece of music that A Bing taught him. At the end of a song, a man came up and asked him what song he was playing. The teacher told him that the gentleman who asked him was Professor Yang from the Central Conservatory of Music. Li Songshou said that this piece of music was taught by a folk artist in his hometown and has no name. Yang said that this song is good. They are collecting folk music, and they want to record such good folk music with a steel wire recorder just imported from abroad. Li Songshou invited Professor Yang back to his hometown until September, when Yang, Cao An and two professors came to Wuxi. This time they brought the recording task of Wuxi Taoist music. After recording these Taoist music, Li Songshou insisted that they record A Bing's music. After playing a song, Professor Yang asked the title of the song softly, but said there was no name. Professor Yang said that you can't do without a name. You have to come up with one. A Bing went on to say that it is called "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon". Professor Yang also said that the name "Yin Yue" was too heavy for Cantonese opera. If it is not called "reflecting the moon", are there mountains and lakes in Wuxi? A Bing said, well, if you are knowledgeable, I will listen to you. On this matter, Mr. Li Songshou said in his reminiscence article:1On September 2, 950, my wife and I accompanied Mr. Yang, Mr. Cao An and two gentlemen to find the recording, and the recording began at 7: 30 that evening. At the time of recording, A Bing was in poor health and exhausted. The piano was also found temporarily, so the recording of "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" was not the best. A Bing's last performance was on September 25th, 1950, that is, the 23rd day after recording, which seemed to be a literary performance of the inaugural meeting of Wuxi Stomatological Association. A Bing propped up his sick body and went out. Because he walked slowly, when he got to the venue, the performance was almost over. I helped A Bing onto the stage and sat in front of the microphone. This is the first time and the only time that A Bing has ever performed in front of a microphone. At first, A Bing played the pipa, and then someone in the audience asked A Bing to play the erhu. My wife and I told A Bing to pay attention to his health and not to play. A Bing said: "I want to play the piano for the villagers in Wuxi and die willingly." Then he played "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" many times. I remember people everywhere, even the windows were crowded with people. At the end of the performance, the audience applauded and cheered. A Bing took off his hat and nodded. More than 80 years ago, the piano played by A Bing, a street performer and beggar, often fluttered in the streets of Wuxi. His impromptu performance not only achieved the sad song of "two springs reflecting the moon", but more importantly, he got rid of the mentality of watching the play and rose to a sense of destiny with me. Concern for the world, self-thinking and suffering make it easy for some people to compare him with Beethoven. It's not that the people's life is hard, nor that the ancients said that "God will give great responsibility to the people of Sri Lanka", but that this is their real behavior. A great work is a history of the soul, which reflects the reasons why people stand. What I often feel in A Bing's music is that at that moment, I can tell right from wrong. I remember a passage introducing Japanese conductor Seiji Ozawa, saying that when he first heard the song "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon", he told others with tears: "Music like this should be listened to on your knees."

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Two springs reflecting the moon, A Bing's masterpiece. A Bing often plays the piano beside Er Quan in Wuxi. He was blind when he wrote this song. According to A Bing's relatives, friends and neighbors, as an artist, A Bing still yearns for one day. When he returns to the alley late at night, he often plays this song, which is very sad and particularly touching. Xu Lu, a friend of A Bing, once described the scene when A Bing played "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon": "Snow floated down like goose feathers, and the park opposite the hall was full of rubble and jade, which was beyond recognition. Sad erhu sounds came from the street ... I saw an unkempt old man, leaning on a small bamboo pole, leading a blind man from east to west on the park road. In the dim light, I vaguely recognized A Bing and his wife. A Bing is holding a small bamboo pole in his right hand, carrying a lute on his back, and hanging an erhu on his left shoulder, whistling in the crazy snow. " This piece of music has no title at first. A Bing often plays this song on the way across the street, but he didn't play it when he was a busker. A Bing once called it "spontaneous chamber", and his neighbors called it "Yi Xin Qu". Later, when recording, Yang and Cao Anhe linked it with the famous scenic spot "Er Quan" in Wuxi, and named it "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon" (Huishan Spring in Wuxi, Jiangsu, known as "the second spring in the world"). He Luting once said: "The nickname" Two Springs Reflecting the Moon "actually contradicts his music. Music does not describe the scenery of Erquan reflecting the moon, but profoundly expresses the painful life experience of blind A Bing. " 1950 In the late autumn, at a concert held in Wuxi, A Bing played this song for the first time and for the last time, and won prolonged applause from the audience. 195 1, Tianjin People's Broadcasting Station played this song for the first time; 1959 National Day, China Foreign Cultural Association presented this song to international friends as one of the representatives of China folk music. Since then, this song has been widely circulated at home and abroad and won high praise. 1985, this song was recorded in the United States and topped the list of eleven popular China music works in the United States. Later, Peng Xiuwen adapted this song into a national instrumental ensemble; Wu Zuqiang adapted it into a string ensemble; Violin solo adapted by Ding He; Ding Shande adapted it into a string quartet and so on. The Recording Society of China once made a wire recording of A Bing playing this song in the summer of 1950, which sold well at home and abroad. From beginning to end, this piece of music reveals the thoughts and feelings of a blind artist who has suffered from human suffering and pain. The works show unique folk performance skills and styles, as well as unparalleled profound artistic conception. They show the unique charm of China erhu art and broaden the expressive force of erhu art, and won the "20th Century China Music Classic Award".

Editor of this section of Hua Tomb

The tomb of China is the tomb. Located at Yingshan Lake at the east foot of Huishan in Wuxi Xi Hui Park. Hua, a blind folk musician, died in February 1950 and was buried in the tomb of a Taoist priest at the foot of Canshan Mountain in the western suburbs of Wuxi. 1May, 979, the tomb was destroyed and the bones were collected by Wuxi Museum. 1June, 983 moved to the present site south of Er Quan at the eastern foot of Huishan. The cemetery covers an area of 742 square meters, and the main body consists of a tomb wall and a wing wall, which looks like a music station; The old tombstone is now in the museum of this city. The colored tombstone was established by China Music Research Institute and Wuxi Federation of Literary and Art Circles, written by Yang, and the bronze statue of the blind man in front of the tomb was carved.