The question of asking for advice from those with high scores

1, Hakka, this is a synonym full of wandering and weather-beaten suffering, and the migration process of Hakka is full of blood, tears and bitterness; Hakkas, synonymous with the glory of hard work and pioneering, have created the famous Hakka spirit and culture through hardships-their glory and brilliance are worthy of pride.

When the ancestors of Hakkas traveled around and finally found this base camp in the border area of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi, they were regarded as "guests" by other ethnic groups around them, that is, "outsiders". Hakka people who are always guests and everywhere are not only called "guests", but also call themselves "guests", which shows that they are generous and open. It is this kind of magnanimous and open-minded spiritual quality that the Hakka people can "be at home in a foreign land", integrate the aborigines in southern Jiangxi, western Fujian and eastern Guangdong, and finally form a unique and excellent Hakka family. The formation process of Hakka clan is also the process of the formation, development and growth of the Chinese nation. Hakkas are outstanding members of the Chinese nation. Learning and understanding the formation process of Hakka clans will help Hakka descendants to understand the historical footprint of the Chinese nation more deeply and enhance their sense of historical responsibility and mission to the country and the nation.

Wuyue, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and the Central Plains have always been inseparable, so there are no Hakkas here.

2. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, in the Neolithic Age, there was a cultural relic with the characteristics of Tao Wei. The remaining clan is a clan that worships dragon totem-known as Baiyue clan in history. The decorative patterns and historical legends on pottery show that they have the custom of tattooing constantly, live in water towns and compare themselves to the descendants of dragons. Among its production tools, there are a large number of stone tools, as well as small bronzes such as shovels and chisels. As daily necessities, the printed pottery ding used for cooking food is unique to them and is one of the symbols of their ethnic group. Until the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were still more than 100 Vietnamese people, and the Dragon Boat Festival was a festival for their ancestors. During thousands of years of historical development, most Baiyue people have integrated into the Han nationality, and the rest have evolved into many ethnic minorities in the south.

All ethnic groups in Zhuang and Dong languages originated from Baiyue nationality in ancient times and are descendants of Baiyue. The ethnic origin of Vietnam's agriculture, Dai, Lao, Thai, Myanmar and other ethnic groups should be related to Baiyue.

The name Baiyue first appeared in the Warring States Period. Baiyue includes many branches, so it is called Baiyue. The distribution of Baiyue is "from the first step to Huiji for seven or eight thousand miles, Baiyue lives in mixed communities, each with its own caste" (Hanshu Geography). Jiaozhi County is in northern Vietnam, Huiji County is in southern Jiangsu and western and northern Zhejiang. From this, it can be concluded that Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi and northern Vietnam are seven or eight thousand miles long, which is the most concentrated area of Baiyue nationality. Anhui, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Yunnan and other places close to the above areas also have Baiyue distribution. Due to the different geographical locations of the branches of Baiyue, the development of social economy and culture is also different, as is the relationship with the Central Plains. Therefore, since the Qin and Han Dynasties, some branches of Baiyue nationality have merged or assimilated into the Han nationality and become one of the important sources of the Han nationality. Some branches have continued to develop independently, forming ethnic minorities such as Zhuang, Buyi, Dong, Li, Dai, Shui, Mulao and Maonan in the south and southwest of China. The development direction of the most important branch in Baiyue is roughly the same: sentence Wu, sentence or writing area are all hooked. The leading branches are distributed in southern Jiangsu, southern Anhui and northern Zhejiang. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was Wu in the sentence, who participated in the hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period. In the state of Yue, Huiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) is the center, and the distribution areas are now Ning (Bo) Shao (Xing) Ping, Hangzhou (Zhou) Jia (Xing) Lake (Zhou) Plain and Jin (Hua) Qu (Zhou) Qiu. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were Yue countries in Vietnam, participating in other countries' hegemony. Dongou is located in the Oujiang River basin south of Xijiang River, with Wenzhou as its distribution center. Fujian and Vietnam, distributed in today's Fujian Province, are adjacent to today's eastern Jiangxi. South Vietnam, distributed in Guangdong today. At the end of Qin Dynasty and the beginning of Han Dynasty, Zhao Tuo, the general of Qin Dynasty, established the state of Yue in South Vietnam, with its capital in Panyu, Guangzhou, which now belongs to Guangxi. During the hundreds of years in the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, several ethnic groups in Baiyue, such as Juwu, Yuyue, Dongou and Nanyue, merged with Huaxia in the Central Plains and became the most important source of Han nationality in Southeast China and Lingnan. However, due to the differences in geography, history, politics, economy and culture, several branches near the west and southwest of Baiyue did not merge with the Huaxia nationality, but differentiated according to their own development, forming the later Zhuang and Dong nationalities. During this period, Xi 'ou and Juyue branches were widely distributed in the western part of Lingnan and the eastern edge of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. At present, Guangxi and Hainan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Hunan provinces are all adjacent borders, and northern Vietnam is the distribution range of xi 'ou and Luoyue. Zhuang, Buyi, Dong, Li, Shui, Mulao, Maonan, Nong, Dai and Gaolan in Vietnam all originated from Ou or Luoyue. Yunnan-Vietnam branch is the farthest branch from Baiyue branch, which is distributed in the southwest and south of Yunnan.

3. Guangfu people refer to Guangfu people in a narrow sense. Guangfu people refer to "Guangfu people" in spoken language. Distributed in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao with Guangzhou as the center. Cantonese and Guangfu dialect are their mother tongue, and the Han people who moved to Zhuji Lane are recognized by the common people. They have their own unique culture, language, customs and architectural style. Guangfu ethnic group in a broad sense includes Cantonese ethnic groups in Guangdong and even all regions (Cantonese-speaking ethnic groups from generation to generation).

Chaoshan is located at the junction of Guangdong and Fujian along the southeast coast of China, and the hipsters deride themselves as "international players at the end of the province". It is surrounded by mountains on three sides and water on the other side. Although there are abundant Chaoshan plains in China, the living environment is not easy, and there are often typhoons and earthquakes, such as August typhoon/KOOC-0/922, Viola typhoon/KOOC-0/969, and South Australia earthquake/KOOC-0/9/KOOC-0/8. These disasters have left indelible scars on this fertile hot land.

After the 11th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (59 1), a large area of land in eastern Guangdong was placed under the jurisdiction of Chaozhou prefecture (county), which was traditionally called Chaozhou region. Generally speaking, people who live in this land and speak Chaoshan dialect are Chaoshan people (including a small number of Hakkas).

The definition of Chaoshan people is not immutable, but a historical, regional and cultural name. In a narrow sense, Chaoshan people refer to Chaozhou, Shantou and Jieyang (including Puning, the escrow city) and Huang Liu, Tangkeng, Tangnan Town and Liu Dong Town in Fengshun County of Meizhou City. They are Minnan people with similar Chaoshan cultural background, and they call themselves chaozhou people, because most of these areas were originally under the jurisdiction of Chaozhou Fucheng. This also includes a large number of Hakkas in China, some of whom are already Minnan people due to various intermarriage factors, such as Fengshun huangliu town, Raoping san rao, Chaoyang Gurao Town, Liangying Town and Qianzhan Town of Huilai County, and some Hakkas are completely Minnan people. These are all phenomena called "chaozhou people, the ancestor of Hakkas".

In a broad sense, Chaoshan people include Minnan people in Hailufeng area of Shanwei, which can also be understood as the integration of the original Chaozhou government and Shanwei city, with similar language and folk culture. Lufeng is close to three towns in Huilai, namely Jiazi Town, Jiadong Town and Jiaxi Town, Jieshi Town, Bomei Town, Nantang Town and Neihu Town, and has the distinctive features of Chaoshan culture such as good halls, English songs and kung fu tea. As for the Xuanwu Mountain Buddha in jieshi town, it is a holy place for Chaoshan people to worship. Chaoshan Chambers of Commerce distributed all over the world can also witness the combination of Chaoshan businessmen and Lufeng businessmen. In addition, many Shanwei people overseas, especially in Hong Kong and Macao, will also identify themselves as chaozhou people.

Broadly speaking, Guangfu people and Chaoshan people overlap. But they are actually two different concepts. And there are some contradictions between Guangfu people and Chaoshan people. For example, this post reads: "It is ridiculous that Guangfu people treat Chaoshan people as blessings and Chaoshan people treat Guangfu people as brothers."