Huangmei opera's birthplace in the end is where?

The origin of Huangmei Opera is a matter of opinion. 2006 May 20, Anhui Anqing Huangmei Opera and Hubei Huangmei County Huangmei Opera at the same time was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage, this play has more than two hundred years of history, the origin of which there are five kinds of legends:

Legends of one of the Huangmei Opera is the development of Huangmei tunes, Huangmei tunes, also known as Huangmei song caicha tunes, is from Huangmei County, Hubei, Anhui, the origin of the earliest dates back to the Tang Dynasty. Anqing area, the origin can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. History, as early as the Tang Dynasty, Huangmei County tea songs are prevalent, the development of folk songs by the Song Dynasty, the influence of acrobatics in the Yuan Dynasty, and gradually formed the prototype of folk opera, to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Huangmei County, more prevalent in the theater style, and there is the Qing Dynasty, "fleeing from the water shortage" a play to support. The beginning of the play is sung: "two eight women sitting in the hut sad long sigh, sigh only sighed Huangmei County is not well thought out. In the year of A-chen, there was a drought for three years in a row, and the trees did not have forests and grasses did not have buds, and the wells were dry. Quit no meat to eat a long fast to read the scriptures, alarmed the Jade Emperor master dragon heart down to earth. In the first half of the year, it rained a few times, and everyone liked it when they planted their fields. I'm counting on next year's grain harvest, but I don't know what will happen on May 13th. I have a boat at home is also convenient, rescued seven or eight cast outside. My husband is out there taking readings and reading faces, and my old lady is picking out toothworms and spending her time in the sun. My brother sang the daily sermon, and my sister-in-law played the flower drum with Lianxiang." Due to the influence of the play "Escape from the Water Wilderness", up to 2006, it was always believed that Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei County, Hubei, and had long been enshrined in the history books. Now many experts through the argument that the "escape from the water" play is not from the hands of Huangmei County, but the people of Anqing, said the origin of Huangmei Opera in Huangmei County is purely "water words", may be by the "Huangmei" two words lead to the misrepresentation. Even from Huangmei County, Huangmei tea ceremony, that is only a form of music, can not be counted as a kind of theater, the real Huangmei Opera is built by the Anhui Province.

Legends of the second, Huangmei opera originated in Anhui Huaining County, Huaining Shijing Township, there is a Huangmei Mountain, Huangmei Mountain from the city of Anqing is only 20 kilometers, the Ming and Qing dynasties Huangmei Mountain, Huangmei nunnery, Guanyin nunnery a few temples, incense flourished, the literati gathered. At that time the literati will be some folk songs, ballads compiled into a number of ditties to sing each other, and gradually formed "Huai tune mountain song", because the ditties from the Huangmei Mountain, so the descendants will be called "Huangmei tune". Famous playwright Lu Hongfei in the book "Huangmei Opera Origin and Flow" also said: "Huangmei Opera is developed on the basis of 'Huaining cavity' ...... Whenever spring planting and fall harvest, farmers used to sing the 'Huai tune mountain song' to sing the praises of their own labor harvest, this folk beautiful lyrical ditty, collectively known as 'Huai Ning tune'." This legend has been many people in the theater industry, the province and many newspapers and magazines published articles signed by the endorsement of the March 12, 2009, Chia-Ling published "Huangmei Opera Origin Exploration" article, said the origin of Huangmei Opera has been controversial, there is the origin of Huangmei in Hubei, there are originating in Anhui, Huai Ning said, "through the collection of the above material, finishing, I think that Huangmei opera should be originated in Anhui Huaining."

Legend No. 3: Huangmei opera originated in Anhui Su Song County, Su Song people as early as the middle of the Qing Dynasty on the border with Hubei Huangmei County Huangmei Ridge on the first specializing in Huangmei tea opera. Republic of China ten years (1921) the publication of the "Su Song County Record", the first officially put forward the name of Huangmei opera. County records also recorded in the history of the development of Huangmei opera dozens of "first", amazing.

Legend No. 4: Huangmei Opera originated in Anqing, Anqing official language is the soul of Huangmei Opera, which plays a decisive role in the formation and development of Huangmei Opera. Anqing area once upon a time every yellow plum season, often flooded, four farmers in order to pray for a good year, will be held at this time to meet the gods, there will be a variety of songs and dances sung on the basis of a form of opera, because of the yellow plum season, so called Huangmei tune. Anqing people of many opera art especially on the Huangmei tune love, with great enthusiasm in the learning and inheritance on the transformation and development to improve, so that the Huangmei tune evolved into the Huangmei opera.

Legend No. 5: Huangmei Opera originated in the hometown of opera, Anqing and Anhui, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces bordering the region's folk tunes and regional customs, ceremonies and cultures, and with the Qingyang cavity, Huizhou tone has a close blood relationship. Experts believe that the formation and development of any art is not isolated, with the surrounding areas have inextricable links. This legend is endorsed by most people in the theater community.

Discussion can be, pay attention to unity. Early Huangmei Opera is generally believed to have originated in Huangmei County, Hubei, but now the Huangmei Opera and early Huangmei Opera has been very different, she by the people of Anqing in the original foundation, but also absorbed the Hui tune, the Qingyang cavity and other development and extension of the, so I think that the origin of the Huangmei Opera Huangmei County, Hubei, and Anhui Province, Anqing City, the two is the standard answer.

Huangmei opera from a small local theater, gradually developed into a national theater, relying on the efforts of generations of people, I hope that all people cherish this hard-won results.

The success or failure of everything in the world, people are the first factor. To cultivate more reserve talents, to complement each other's strengths and weaknesses, so that the flower of Huangmei Opera always bloom undefeated, is the responsibility of my generation.

I Huangmei people are more aware of this by the Huangmei Opera from Huangmei County (hole ridge) folk tune. Huangmei County has three major types of theater, Wenqu opera, tea ceremony, Huangmei opera.

Huangmei County for the junction of Anhui and Jiangxi provinces, a chicken song three provinces. Huangmei for the plains, in the pre-liberation decade nine floods, to Huangmei ditty begging for food for the cavity, passing the Anhui-Ganxi provinces. Huangmei people used to look down on the theater, the old society for this inferior people. After the liberation of a hundred flowers blossomed, Anhui sang well known. Is the real Huangmei children, young and old casually sing Huangmei opera tune.

Huangmei opera originated in Huangmei County.

Early artists from the Huangmei opera distribution region

According to statistics, most of the famous artists of the Huangmei tea ceremony live in Huangmei County, along the plains of the river according to the lake. Among them, and to the hole ridge, Maungang people as the most. And early famous artists like Xing Xiuniang, Gong Sanqi, Luo Yunbao, etc. are now Longxian Lake people. Xing Xiu Niang is a native of Xing Dadun in Kong Ridge Town, Gong San Qi is a native of Gong Shangtou in Maungang Town, and Luo Yunbao is a native of Wanjia Village in Xiaochi. Huangmei Tea Ceremony Zhi-Biography of the Huangmei Tea Ceremony in the biography of the famous artists 53 people, did not set up a directory of artists 28 people, *** 81 people, living on the verge of Lake Taibai, sense of the lake and the Yangtze River along the Kong ridge town, Maunghuang town, the town of Xiaxin, CaiShan town, the new town, the town of the yellow town, the town of the split area of the artists accounted for the majority of the road.

Kong ridge town: Xing Xiuniang Liang Songgui Mei Chongxi Deng Huazi Fang Qiqi Wu Jiaqi Guo Zhengmu Jiang Liuqi Zhai Bailin Mei Shaotang Guo Qufeng Zhang Dongzhi Yang Deyan Tang Huaibao Shen Haifu Maundy Harbor town: Gong Sanqi Hu Yansheng Xu Lianxi Yu Haixian Gui Sanyuan Ye Nengjiu Xu Bailin Zhang Shulao Xu Jinfa Zeng Zeng Zaoxiang Cai Shusheng Jinhai

Shimoushin newcomer: Pan Huazi

Xiaoyuan lake side: Wang Yuqian

Xiaochi people: Luo Yunbao Xu Changlin

Xinkai Township people: Shuai Shixin Shuai Dengming (Shuai Maocong) Xu Zhigui Li Shuiyan

Caixan Mountain area people: Luo Huazi Liu Jinqing Zhou Fanlin Huangjin Chun

Zhoujialang people: Qi Zhicai Huanghua Township people: Ke Huoying

Duxan Mountain area people: Li Liude Lai Huanmin Lai Sanbian Lai Wanlong Hu Hai Zhou

Divided Roads District people: Gui Youlin Feng Longsai Feng Taifu Wang Yixiu Lu Mawchun

This is not to mention the mastership relationship, like Xiong Lihua, although he is from Wuzu District, but he studied under Xu Lianxi and learned from the masters at the Kong Ridge Shop. Chen Qiuxiang of Wuzu District is the disciple of Li Liude.

There are only a few 2-3 people who really live in the northern mountains of Huangmei and sing tea-picking opera.

(B) from the Huangmei tea-picking opera traditional repertoire to provide historical information:

Huangmei tea-picking opera traditional repertoire, known as the "36 big book, 72 small fold". Broadly divided into two categories. One is the transplantation of brother plays or boldly extracted some of the opera's "gall", the other is in the folk narrative song on the basis or to Huangmei and nearby Susong, Guangji and other areas of the real story as a skeleton, after the local literati and the old tea-picking opera artists adapted and made.

According to the old artists said: Huangmei tea-picking opera is the first small play, after the production of the big book theater. I think this is also in line with the development of things, is credible. Huangmei tea-picking opera "72 small fold" play, you can find a large number of Taibai Lake, sense of the lake surrounding the region's place names and characters and habits.

Such as: "Mao Zicai rolling candle" is a small play in the Mao Zicai string opera. Mao Zicai was a native of Kong Ridge Town, Huangmei County, during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. He originally lived in Yanzi Street on West Street and later moved to Chopstick Street on East Street. His monologue "Fathers and Brothers: Do you know me? My name is Mao Zicai. My home is in Gu Ba Tou, a three-room thatched hut with an outward-facing door, and the old ancestral wall is my house. The first thing you need to do is to get to my house to eat cigarettes and drink tea, and if you don't have a stool to sit on, you can just sit on the doorstep. ......"

"Playing cards" in the Mao Zicai its people, Huangmei tea opera is introduced: "live in the hole ridge chopstick street, my name is Mao Zicai, field life I can do, night time take time to wipe the cardboard". This kind of cardboard is not poker, not "handful of cards" (Huangmei people call it "scraping beard"), not Pai Gow, not "three sets of cards" (popular in the area of Hunan, Hubei and Chongqing), but is similar to the "mahjong". "Mahjong" Huangmei people commonly known as "cake pussy" (from the shape, similar to the cloud cake) a gambling tool. This gambling, Huangmei prevalent, and now many older people are still keen. Search on the Internet, only Zhengzhou, Henan, there are older people play. It must be Henan Xin Cai moved to Huangmei after the flow down. From now on several Anhui Huangmei opera troupe arranged by the "playing cards" (renamed "afraid of his wife") version of the Anhui people will not play such cards, props, singing words are full of loopholes.

"Cotton yarn" in the widow Cai Jinhua, living in Huangmei County, five miles of gate (near the ridge, now Longguan Lake connected to the Huangxiao highway at the Golden Pavilion, to the hole ridge town to sell cotton yarn, coincidentally met the widower weaver Chen Baishun.

"Escape from the water shortage" in the "two eight" woman is Yan Jiazha's daughter-in-law. The story of "Hogweed" is a true story that took place in Cuijiaping, Chenhan District, Susong, northeast of Longxianhu Lake. The story of "Lang to Flower, Sister to Flower" is y imprinted on Longguan Lake. In the Long sense of the lake, although the area of Huangmei is smaller than the Suzon, but the lake is full of lotus, and Huangmei and Suzon demarcation line to the Anhui Province below, there is no lotus, and now is still the case.

"Sue Jing Cheng" was adapted by Luo Yunbao, a famous artist in Huangmei County during the Xian and Tong periods of the Qing Dynasty, and a private tutor in Zheng Gongta, Guangji County (adjacent to Cai Shan, Huangmei), based on a copy of the playbill, "Seven Townshipmen". The main character Zhang Chaozong is now Wuxi City (formerly Guangji County) Dajin Town Zhang two village people, belonging to the Tai Bai Lake water system area people.

There are also many positive and negative characters like the "official shed" string of plays, such as Qu Xuefu, stone price, Lai Mingwu, etc. are Huangmei gentry, and all because of the post-disaster restoration of the dyke in the conflict struggle between the real thing.

(C) from the traditional repertoire of Huangmei opera singing dialect:

Huangmei dialect belongs to the Jianghuai official language Hong Chao piece of the transition to the Huangxiao piece of the zone. Donggang as the boundary, the port south of the "lower countryside", the port north of the "upper countryside", which is also the county border between Dehua County and Huangmei County. The so-called Shangxiang dialect is the local dialect of Huangmei, and the so-called Xiaxiang dialect is the "Dehua" (Jiujiang) dialect that was "married" to it. Although they are separated by a harbor, they are very distinct. To cite some of the most obvious examples: for mid-autumn mooncakes, they are called "Ma Gu" in the upper townships and "Sense Crisp" in the lower townships. Standing up, it is called "set down (sound)" in the upper countryside and "stand down" in the lower countryside.

In the traditional repertoire of Huangmei Opera, some of the lyrics retained the dialect of the disaster area, especially the dialect of the Longguan Lake. 1959 November, Anhui Drama published a famous old artist Ding Yongquan dictated, Che Ming (Wang Guanya) collated "Ding old talk about the Huangmei Opera," said: "Huangmei Opera is passed from Hubei to our Anqing region. The old Huangmei tunes still bite according to the Hubei sound, and the tunes follow the language, which is also the Hubei country accent." There is a passage in Escape from the Water Wilderness in which Cai Butcher and Qiu Jinlian have a conversation that retains the dialect of Yan Jia Zha:

"......

Lian: So sing up!

(Singing) told me to sing I will sing (yah-ho-yah), sing a ditty you listen (yah-ho-yah, yi-yah-yah, yi-yoho-hi), singing is not well thought out do not blame the female Jiao'e. (ho what, according to ah ho what), Hugh blame female Jiao'e, (ho what, according to ho what) ......

Cai: good, good, Saeki moving watermelon, you even rolled with the crawl! I am asking you to sing songs, that call you cursing, you think I do not understand your words, I this old store newly opened. You scolded me 'fire fire fire and fire fire', I this store burned down, you opened the heart?

Lian: boss you heard wrong, I am so a tune: 'ho what ho what yi ho what', where to scold you fire burn ah?"

From the above dialog, the dialect of Yanjiazha in Tangcave Town at that time, Cai Butcher did not understand.

And the traditional small plays such as "Beat the Pigweed", "Husband and Wife Watching the Lights", "Point Barley", etc., have similar liner notes, is it not possible to infer from this that these small plays were created by the Huangmei people?

Of course, in the traditional small plays of Huangmei Opera, there are far more than just these dialects retained. Wang Guanya in his book "Yan Fengying", Lu Hongfei in his book "Origin of Huangmei Opera" have pointed out that many of them Edong dialect. But this alone is enough to see the Huangmei Opera and the Huanhu region inextricably linked to the evidence.

Now, some of the traditional Huangmei Opera repertoire has been adapted many times by Anhui writers and directors, and it is obvious that there is a tendency to go to Huangmei and Yanjiazha, and no matter how to change it, it can only be to cover up.

(H)

Huangmei Plain Lake fertile land to raise generations of hard-working Huangmei people, at the same time, the Yangtze River, the inner lake constantly flooding to the local residents brought again and again a deep disaster. When the floods occurred, they had to go out to escape the famine. These flood victims, except for a small part of them who sold their labor and did some handicraft work to make a living, most of them begged for a living. In order to maintain the low dignity of the civilian (ugly), in order to be able to ask for a little more rice, rice, they had to sing through the hometown of "tea tune" and other forms of singing (like playing the flower drums, even box, running dry boat, singing, exorcism God) and so on to ask for money and rice. Therefore, the flood not only gave birth to the formation of Huangmei opera, but also promote the Huangmei tea opera outreach. It is these large number of flood victims year after year singing, only to make the "Huangmei tune", the rapid spread, and finally grew into a tree of art in the sky. It can be said that, if it is not Huangmei frequent floods, "Huangmei opera" art flower is difficult to emit today's fragrance.

(1) The flood victims are the main body of the dissemination of Huangmei opera. The only way to get to the bottom of the problem is to pour tears on the land in your hometown. In that time, when there was a flood, the victims had to flee to make a living. These people left their homes and went out to beg for the victims, to Jiangxi, more than fleeing to Jiujiang, Hukou, Ruichang, Wuning, etc.; to Anhui, more than fleeing to Susong, Wangjiang, Huaining area. Also said a little more specific, close to the southwest perimeter of Longguan Lake victims, are generally fleeing to Anhui to farther away, only a small part of the escape to Jiangxi.

With the footprints of the Huangmei victims wandering, Huangmei tune should be in Jiangxi, Anhui, the formation of a greater impact, but why is the final only in Anqing, Anhui Province, evolved into "Huangmei opera", become a popular local theater?

Huangmei opera had an influence on Jiangxi. The Qing Dynasty, Jiangxi Leping County, He Yuan Bing, served as Shi Di (now Shidai), Dongliu, Fanchang and other three counties, in his "Jiao Tong Villa Poetry", there is a "river tune (Huangmei cavity)" "seven". He wrote about the history of Huangmei Tea Picking Opera which spread to the two sides of Poyang Lake: I picked the new tea and made it in the green window, and the Downriver Tune was unmatched, and how not to sing the songs of the south of the Yangtze River, but all of them were made into the cavity of Huangmei County. Huangmei Tea Picking Opera has a certain influence on Jiangxi Tea Picking Opera.

For all the reasons mentioned above, Huangmei victims more often than not fled to the six counties of Anqing, Anhui Province. With the yearly and cyclical migration of the victims, the Huangmei Tea Picking Opera was most likely to spread to the Anqing area after it was formed in the area around Longshenghu.

(2) Xing Xiuniang credit. Xing Xiuniang, real name Xiulian, born in Qianlong nine years (1744), died in Jiaqing twenty-three years (1811), hole ridge town Xing Dadun people (Xing Wei), the Qianlong years E Gan Anhui provinces Huangmei opera representative, but also the Huangmei opera from the folk opera into the development of the founding father of the opera on high stage, known as the generation of the masters of the Huangmei opera, if Yan Fengying is the Queen of the Huangmei opera, then Xing Xiuniang is the Huangmei opera is the Queen Dowager. Qianlong twenty-nine years, Huangmei floods, Qianlong thirty years (1765), during the fourth visit of Qianlong to the south of the Yangtze River, by Anhui Huizhou, living in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, the big salt merchants, known as the "eight general merchants in the two Huai," the first Jiang Chun good offices, the first time for the Qianlong show in Suzhou, and then the same in the big salt merchants Jiang Chun's operation, respectively, in the forty-fifth, forty-ninth, forty-ninth, forty-ninth, forty-ninth, and forty-fifth years, respectively, in Qianlong. Later, also under the operation of Jiang Chun, a major salt merchant, in the forty-fifth and forty-ninth years of Emperor Qianlong's reign, during his fifth and sixth trips to the south of the Yangtze River, Xing Xiu Niang came to Yangzhou twice to perform for the emperor. Emperor Qianlong's evaluation of Xing Xiuniang's art was "the sound of footsteps in an empty valley, the language of people across the forest, I don't know where it comes from and I don't know where it is going", not the human music of "asking a woodcutter across the water" but the celestial music of "sparse rain dripping on the wutong tree". The music of heaven is not "asking a woodcutter across the water", but "dripping rain on a sycamore tree". He was awarded the title of "Famous Huangmei Opera Artist" by the Emperor. In order to develop Huangmei Opera, Xing Xiuniang wisely got acquainted with Jiang Chun, a salt merchant who was known as the "Crown of the Two Huai General Merchants" among the Anhui merchants (the person who operated the Anhui class to Beijing), and found the economic nourishment that was suitable for the development of Huangmei Opera, and pushed forward the buttressing of Huangmei's operatic culture with the culture of the Anhui merchants and the entry into the world of the Yellow Plum Opera and its advancement with the times. After Xing Xiuniang arrived in Anhui, she fully utilized the economic strength of Huizhou merchants and absorbed the wisdom of Huizhou merchants in dealing with the imperial court and government in the world, so that Huangmei Opera had a great development.

(3) Huangmei opera reform gradually Anqingization. First, the change of Huangmei dialect. Mr. Ding Yongquan said, "Before the liberation of the Huangmei Opera in six counties in Anqing Province called Huangmei tune, because it originated in Huangmei County, Hubei Province, initially Anhui artists singing Huangmei Opera, its singing, the dialogue, are used in Hubei's original cavity, the vernacular, and in some places because of the language of Huangmei is too vulgar, but also difficult to understand, it will be used in the Han Chinese language performances. In my plays "Buckwheat", "Sue Jingcheng" and "Private Affair", I sang in both Chinese and Huangmei. Around the Guangxu period (may be earlier) Huangmei Opera to Shipai, after Huaining, Wangjiang, Tongcheng singing Huangmei Opera more people in Daobai changed to use Huaining dialect, so in the region of Anqing Huangmei Opera is also known as Huai cavity." The second is the orchestral accompaniment. During the Qianlong and Daoguang years of the Qing Dynasty, Huangmei Opera has been inherited in the form of "three strikes and seven singings" after it mainly flowed to Anhui Province via Longguanhuai Lake. By 1925, in Huaining County Huangmei Opera veteran Ding Yongquan and Hui Opera famous veteran artist Wang Yunfu's *** with the efforts to start trying to orchestral accompaniment, they absorbed a large number of Anqing language, folk songs and ditties to the development of Huangmei Opera singing, drawing on the Hui Opera performance art to enrich the Huangmei Opera performance program, so that the Huangmei Opera has the characteristics of the local Anqing. The third is the adaptation of the script. Before the liberation, Anhui and Jiangxi Huangmei Opera artists could perform on the same stage with Huangmei Tea Ceremony artists, and the scripts were the same. Before and after the founding of New China, especially after the liberation, Anhui Huangmei Opera artists and theater workers implemented all-round reform and innovation in repertoire, singing, performance, choreography, scriptwriting, directing, etc., and adapted the traditional Huangmei Opera repertoire of "The Match of Heavenly Immortals" (formerly known as "Dong Yong Sells His Body") and "Female Emperor's Son-in-Law" (formerly known as "The Double Savior") for the stage, which created a group of performing artists who made outstanding contributions to the Yellow Plum Opera, such as Yan Fengying, Wang Shaofang, etc., and promoted the development of Huangmei Opera. It has created a group of performing artists who have made outstanding contributions to Huangmei Opera, and promoted the great development, improvement and popularization of Huangmei Opera.

(4) The key figures boosted the Huangmei Opera to be famous all over the country. Huangmei opera in Anqing singing famous, Guilinqi is an extremely key figure. Gui Linqi is Huangmei cedar township people, in 1938, served as secretary of the underground Huangmei County Committee, after the founding of the country, served as secretary of the local committee of Anqing, Anhui Province, vice governor of the provincial party committee, minister of propaganda, secretary of the provincial party committee, in charge of the work of culture and health. When he was the secretary of the local party committee in Anqing, he was too familiar with Huangmei Opera and too fond of it, so he vigorously cultivated talents, actively set up troupes, and gave great support to Huangmei Opera. When he was the propaganda minister of Anhui Provincial Party Committee and the deputy secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, he made the movie of Huangmei Opera "Tianxian Match", which caused a sensation in the north and south of the Yangtze River, and Huangmei Opera became famous in China and the whole world at once. A veteran artist said fondly: without the attention and care of Guilin Sushi, there would not be today's Huangmei Opera. This is an afterthought, and the origin of Huangmei Opera has not much to do, but with the Huangmei Opera in Anhui, Anqing singing nationwide, but pivotal.

The formation of a historical and cultural phenomenon, seemingly accidental, but has its own inherent inevitability. Huangmei opera originated in Huangmei, the development and formation of Anqing, Anhui, Anqing, the formation of a large local theater, the same can not escape such a pattern.

The origin and development of Huangmei Opera, contemporary literature and art circles have a variety of sayings, including "Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei County, Hubei Province, the formation and growth of Anhui Province, Anhui Province, Huaining County (Anqing area)," said. However, this widely circulated statement has recently been falsified by a monograph.

Many experts and scholars after years of research and verification, recently published a special "Origin of Huangmei Opera" research monograph to a large number of historical facts, revealing the origin of Huangmei Opera and the development of the course of the yellow-plum opera: Huangmei Opera is the center of the origin and formation of Anqing opera plays.

Although the individual singing of Huangmei Opera originated in Huangmei County's tea ceremony, it must be emphasized that the earliest formation in Huangmei County was Huangmei (tea ceremony), not Huangmei Opera, which was later sung all over the world.

The play is the play, the tune is the tune, the play and the tune are two completely different concepts. The elements of the tune are mainly tunes and melodies, but the elements of the play need to be characters, stories, conflicts and twists and turns of the plot. Of course, in addition to its own characteristic tunes, the unique dialect (recitation, singing) is also indispensable. Huangmei (Caicha) tune belongs to the Edong language family, Huangmei opera with a distinctive Huaining, Qianshan and other local tones.

At that time, Huaining (Anqing Province) was the capital of Anhui Province, the economy is relatively developed, Huaining dialect is the official language of Anhui, so the Huangmei Opera was called "Huai cavity", "House tune".

Huangmei Opera research expert Wang Changan said: "The birth of a theater, not based on the emergence of the voice, but should be the integration of the elements of the drama as a sign of completion. Just like the birth of a building, not based on the factory date of the cement ...... As a play that speaks the Anqing dialect, we are justified in saying: Huangmei (tea picking) tune in Hubei, Huangmei Opera in Anhui".

Anqing area is the confluence of Jing-Chu culture, Central Plains culture, Wu-Yue culture, rich in folk art treasures, the North and South art has long been mingling here, with a deep cultural and artistic tradition. It is this piece of cultural feng shui treasure land, for the breeding and growth of Huangmei opera provides a unique and excellent soil.

The origin of Huangmei Opera can be traced back to Tang. Expanded in the Ming Dynasty Huangmei County folk songs ditties. The tune begins with the tune "before the moon tone", "back palace", and ends with "moon tone tail", reporting the name of the play at the end of the opera, and singing to the end, the long and short sentence style of the lyrics and the palace tone, which has the legacy of Yuanqu and Song lyrics. Traces of the metamorphosis of the opera to the opera are preserved. The repertoire of short plays, simple plot, performance time only in the first five to twenty-three, the usual wedding and funeral and temple performances, so far still maintains the self-performance of self-pleasure.

2, Huangmei Wenqu opera's traditional form of singing is to sit and sing, also known as the "board singing", no matter the streets, teahouses, restaurants, courtyards and houses, there is a bench can sing, one person singing (self-singing), two people singing (male and play the huqin, female and manipulation of the teeth board), three, four, or five or seven people to sing the role of the actors. The actor also plays the huqin, sihu, yueqin, etc.

3.

3, in the early years of the Republic of China to the stage, gradually formed opera. So the opera form on the stage to sing some of the big head of the play, the form of opera singing some of the small sections, the formation of easy to sing at any time, from the song that is to opera and opera two different forms of parallel and not contradictory to the forward development. All for the general public to enjoy. Huangmei opera in the tea-picking opera slowly developed, actively expanding outward, in the Qing Dynasty, Kangxi, Qianlong years, Huangmei tea-picking opera with the Huangmei County refugees and storytellers into the Gan and spread to the area of Poyang Lake in Anhui Province, Anhui carry forward, and gradually become a mature Huangmei opera.

The early development of Huangmei Opera was from the end of the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty to around the time of the Xinhai Revolution, during which it went through four phases, including one-act plays, three small plays, three dozen and seven songs, and orchestral accompaniment.

After the founding of New China in 1949, the performance of Huangmei opera gradually became professionalized, and gradually moved from the countryside to the stage and into the city.

The singing of Huangmei Opera has flower accent, color accent, and main tune, etc. The singing of Huangmei Opera is very simple and fresh, also very delicate, expressive and infectious. Huangmei Opera uses the gaohu as the main accompanying instrument, and other ethnic instruments and gongs and drums, which can express more subjects.

The birthplace of Huangmei Opera is 100% Huangmei County, Hubei Province. This point is certain, and can not be changed, in the past, Huangmei County, ten years, there are nine floods, Huangmei very poor, there are many people wandering outside the countryside along the countryside begging, the Huangmei tea picking ditties to the Anqing area, Huangmei Opera is carried forward by the Anqing.

The birthplace of Huangmei Opera is Anqing Taihu Cang Hu Khouang Fan, due to the junction with Huangmei Cusong Shipai Taihu Qianshan, in the Taihu Cang Hu Khouang Fan out of a Hu Jinsaeki female Huangmei Opera first, she is Yan Fengying's father, Huangmei Opera is sung by the Hupusai bitter daughter-in-law in the city of Anqing sings a song of a shot of singing red. Hu Pu sae family's ancestral tomb is the playground, once upon a time Yin two days can hear the sound of the playing table, but now can only hear the square dance

"Huangmei Opera" originated in Hubei - Huangmei County. It spread to the Anqing area of Anhui Province, only because Huangmei County is located along the northern bank of the Yangtze River. The terrain is low-lying, yearly flooding, ten years nine harvest. The people had to leave their homeland in the east, another way to make a living, people who can sing ditties to sell singing and begging for a living. From then on: by the Huangmei ditty on the roots of the Anqing area, until today to become the world's unique folk theater opera art.

The origin of Huangmei Opera can not be accurately verified, but the "Huangmei Opera" three words first appeared in Su Song should be true. In a sense, Su Song people in a kind of thing before adding "Huangmei" two words with innate contempt, of course, now in all aspects of Su Song are Huangmei dump a big cut. Called "Huangmei opera" should also be certified in the old society called "theater" social status, to know the Huangmei opera today, we all grab the birthplace, Su Song people really regret that the play was named "Huangmei opera So, the name of Huangmei Opera in the name of the show is "Huangmei Opera". So, the name of the Huangmei opera "Huangmei" refers to Huangmei County, but does not necessarily mean that Huangmei opera originated in Huangmei County. Very happy to see all grab the birthplace, proving that nowadays Huangmei Opera has been widely valued, which is a good thing. Personally, I think the origin of the place of origin do not have to fight, really is from the combination of Anhui, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces, because these local people really love Huangmei Opera. Anqing, Tongling, Chizhou is the base camp of Huangmei Opera needless to say, in Hubei and Jiangxi really have the most affection for Huangmei Opera when belonging to Huangmei County, Hukou County, Pengze County.