What are the rules of Go?

Article 1: The Game of Go

The Board

The board has nineteen equidistant, perpendicularly intersecting parallel lines on the vertical and horizontal surfaces, *** constituting 361 intersections (hereinafter referred to as "points"). There are several small points on the surface of the disk, which are called star points, and the star point in the center is also known as "Tianyuan", see Figure 1.

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The number of discs is 180 for black and 180 for white.

Article 2: How to play the game of Go

1. Both players hold one color of discs, black first and white second, and play alternately, with only one disc at a time.

2. The pieces are played on the points of the board.

Three: Once a piece is placed, it may not be moved to another point.

IV. It is the right of both players to take turns in playing, but either player is allowed to give up the right to play.

Article 3: Ki of a piece

A piece's "ki" is the empty point on the board immediately adjacent to the straight line of the piece. If there are discs of the same color in the immediate vicinity of a disc, they are connected to each other to form an indivisible whole. Their chi should also be counted together.

If there is a disc of a different color at the point where the pieces are adjacent to each other in a straight line, the chi shall cease to exist. If all the chi is occupied by the opponent, it is in a state of no chi. A piece in a state of no breath cannot exist on the board.

Article 4 Raising

The means of raising a kiless disc off the board is called "raising". There are three kinds of raising:

One, when the opponent's disc has no air after playing, it should be raised immediately.

Second, when both players' discs are empty after a move, the opponent's empty discs should be extracted immediately.

Article 5: Forbidden Attachment Points

Any point on the board where, after a player plays a piece, the piece immediately becomes airless, and at the same time the player cannot extract the opponent's piece, this point is called a forbidden attachment point.

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Article 6: Prohibition of homomorphic reproduction of the whole game

Article 7: Endgame

I. A game is over when both players unanimously confirm that they have completed their moves.

2. A game is completed when one of the players concedes defeat in the middle of the game.

Article 8: Live and dead moves

Any move that cannot be avoided from being extracted in the endgame, as confirmed by both players, is a dead move.

Chess which cannot be extracted at the endgame, as confirmed by both players, are live.

Article 9 Calculation of victory and defeat

In a game in which both players have completed their moves, the method of counting moves shall be used to calculate the victory and defeat.

First, all the dead discs of both sides are cleared from the board, and then the live discs of one side (including the points surrounded by live discs) are counted in terms of discs.

Each side gets half of the empty dots between the live pieces, and one is a disc.

The criterion for victory or defeat is half of the total number of points on the board, 180 and 1/2 points. If the sum of the number of live pieces and the number of empty points belonging to a player is greater than this number, the player who is less than this number will win, and the player who is equal to this number will draw.

The criteria for winning and losing in a game played by posting are specified separately.

Chapter II: Competition Regulations

Article X: Determination of Precedence

The precedence of the game shall be determined by the drawing of lots by the General Assembly or by guessing the precedence of the game before the game is played.

Article XI Posting

In order to offset the efficiency of Black's first move, Black is required to post two and three-quarter discs when calculating the winner in the endgame of the current official national tournaments.

Article 12 Timing

Timing is one of the most important means of ensuring the smooth running of a game. Timing should be used in all games where it is possible to do so.

I. Time limit

The time limit for each side of a game shall be specified in advance, depending on the nature of the game. A player may not use more than the specified time limit. The time limit for a game of chess may be longer or shorter, from one to two hours for grass-roots tournaments to one day for national tournaments.

Second reading

In matches where second reading is used, it should be stipulated in advance that a few minutes should be reserved within the time limit to start the second reading. For national competitions, a five-minute reading may be reserved, and for grass-roots competitions, a one-minute reading may be reserved.

When the seconds are read, any move lasting less than one minute is not counted. For each full minute, one minute will be deducted from the reserve time, but the allotted time must not be used up.

Second reading is performed by the referee. Seconds are reported at 30, 40, 50, 55, 58 and one minute each. The referee shall promptly inform the players of "x minutes left" for each minute of the reserved time. The last minute is read out as 30 seconds, 40 seconds, 50 seconds, 60 seconds, then 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ...... in a precise tone of voice, second by second. The final chime is "10, timeout is a loss."

The method of reading the seconds in a rapid chess match may be regulated by the Congress according to the circumstances.

Article 13 Endgame

1. In addition to the provisions of Article 7 of the General Regulations, any game in which one of the players has forfeited, or in which the referee has ruled that the game is a draw or a loss for any reason, shall be considered as an endgame.

The order of confirmation of the endgame by both sides shall be as follows: first the player who has taken a turn, followed by the other player who has placed a piece of a different color on the line in the lower right corner of the board.

Article 14: Suspension and Closure of Games

In games where suspension is provided for (e.g., one-day games, suspension at noon, etc.), the duration of the suspension shall not be counted as part of the time limit for the game.

For major tournaments, a sealing system may be used, whereby when a match reaches the required sealing time and the game has not yet ended, the player who has played shall immediately withdraw from the game, and the player whose turn it is to play shall think about it, write down the points he/she intends to play on a piece of record paper, and then hand it over to the referee in a sealed form. When the game is resumed, the referee opens the seal on the spot, and plays the point in the place marked

and the game continues.

Article 15: Discipline

I. Players may not forfeit or withdraw from the game without reason.

II. During the match, the players shall not do anything to hinder the thinking of the opponent.

3. During the match, players may not discuss the game with others or consult relevant information.

4. During a match, a player may not walk back and forth across the court to watch another player's game.

V. Players should be civilized in their speech and behavior, and keep their clothes neat and tidy.

Article 16: Rights and obligations of the opponent

1. When the seconds are read, the opponent has the right to ask his/her side how many minutes are left

2. If there is a phenomenon which is sufficient to prevent him/her from playing the game normally or if he/she discovers a problem, he/she has the right to make a suggestion to the referee. However, except in the case of more urgent events, the opponent should do so within the time limit of his move.

Thirdly, when calculating the winner in the final game, the opponent has the right to ask for corrections of errors in counting pieces and in calculating the winner.

4. The referee's decision must be obeyed by the opponent, who must immediately appeal to the General Assembly through the organizational procedures in case of doubt.

V. The opponent has the obligation to observe the discipline of the match.

VI. A player who makes a move while his opponent is away from the table has the obligation to tell the other player where the move was made.

VII. After the end of the game, the opponent has the obligation to organize his chess set and to leave the room immediately.

Chapter 3: Judicial Law

Article 17: Playing Chess

1. If a player does not forfeit and the other player makes two moves in a row, the player who makes two moves in a row shall be declared the loser.

2. When a piece has been played, it is taken from the board and played elsewhere. The player shall be warned once and the piece shall be returned to its original place. If a piece has been dropped, the player is allowed to pick it up and choose a point of attack.

Third: If, in the middle of a game, it is discovered that a piece played earlier has been moved, the player may, after obtaining the agreement of the players, rule that the moved piece be moved back to its original position, or rule that the move is valid.

In case of disagreement between the players, the matter shall be reported immediately to the referee, who may, according to the procedure of the influence of the moved disc on the progress of the game, rule:

1. The moved disc shall be moved back to its original position;

2. The moved disc shall be valid;

3. Draw;

4. Replay.

If the move is intentional, the player who moved the disc shall be penalized.

During the game, if the game is disorganized due to external irresistible reasons, the game shall be resumed after both players have reviewed and confirmed the game. If both players do not have the ability to review the game, a draw will be awarded or the game will be replayed.

If a player's game has been disrupted unintentionally, the game may be resumed. If the game cannot be resumed, then the player who has lost the game is awarded a loss.

Article 18 Raising

After playing a game, if a player mistakenly raises his opponent's son, the player who raises the son by mistake shall be warned once and the son shall be put back to its original place.

Article 19 Forbidden Points

If a player's move is on a forbidden point, the player's move is invalidated and the player forfeits the game once.

Article 20: Global homomorphism

If a player returns to a move immediately after a hijacking, the player who returns to the move is invalidated and forfeits once. Diagram 3

2. In the endgame, in accordance with the principle of forbidding the reproduction of global identities, the "false birth" shown in Diagram 3 is not allowed as a live move.

Three: For rare exceptions such as three-rocks, four-rocks cycle, long life, and two discs in a double-raised position where both players are at loggerheads, a draw or a replay may be awarded. See diagrams IV, V, VI and VII.

Four: In accordance with the principle of prohibiting the reproduction of the same shape throughout the game, a game may not use a situation such as Diagram 8 or a similar one as a reason for not being able to end the game.

Figure 4, Figure 5, Figure 6

Figure 7, Figure 8

Article 21 Endgame

1. The player whose turn it is confirms the endgame, and who proceeds to the endgame, then forfeits his right to proceed, and may play again if his opponent does not agree to the endgame. If the other player does not agree to the endgame, he may make another move. At this point, the forfeiting player resumes the right to move, and the game continues until both players confirm the endgame.

Second, after both players have confirmed the endgame, if there are still points on the board that can be contested by both players, the game is treated as a double game.

The confirmation of dead and alive moves must be agreed upon by both players, and any disputes will be resolved by actual play.

Article 22: Sealing

When a game is continued, the player who seals the game must play according to the point where the game is sealed. If there is already a piece at the point where the game is sealed, the player is awarded a forfeit and the other player takes a turn to play.

Article 23 Timing

In a match with timing system:

1. If a player is late for the game beyond the time limit, he/she is judged to have forfeited the game and lost.

2. If both players are late for the match beyond the time limit, they will be penalized by forfeiting the match.

3. If one or both of the players are late for the match within the time limit, the late time will be deducted from the time limit of one or both of the players.

Fourth, when lifting a piece, the piece must be lifted before the clock is pressed, and violators are counseled or warned once. However, when the seconds are being read, no time will be counted for the lifting of the pieces.

V. If a player exceeds the time limit (including the reading of the seconds), he will be awarded a loss.

6. If a player leaves the table during the reading time, the referee shall continue to count the seconds according to the regulations, and the player shall be penalized for exceeding the time limit. If a player needs to leave his seat urgently, he must do so when his opponent is thinking and obtain the referee's consent, but only once in each game.

Article 24 Discipline on the field of play

I. If a player leaves the field of play without any reason, he/she shall be warned once and declared to the organizing committee of the tournament.

II. If the opponent has any behavior that hinders others' thinking, he/she will be advised or warned once.

Thirdly, if a player consults information or talks with others about the game before the end of the game, he/she will be warned once or be sentenced to a loss, depending on the circumstances.

Article 25 Others

1. The referee shall make a reasonable judgment according to the spirit of the General Regulations or the Rules of the Competition on all fouls not included in the Judicial Law.

The warnings awarded to the opponents shall be recorded, and those who have been awarded two warnings in a game shall be awarded a loss for that game.

Chapter IV: Methods of Competition

Article 26: Types of Competition

I. Individual Competition

II. Team Competition

There are more than two teams participating in the competition, with the same number of players in each team, and they will decide the rank or winners and losers through the methods of competition stipulated in advance.

The team competitions include the following systems: the system of fixed table, the system of changing table, the system of temporary fixed table, the system of the whole team's rotation, and the system of the total score of the team members.

The national team competition generally adopts the split-table system. Teams are ranked according to the level of the players or the level of their chess skills, and the rank of the team cannot be changed after it has been ranked.

In team competitions where substitutes are available, the rules for substitutions are determined separately by the tournament organizers.

Three sections and levels

Section

I. Elimination system. There are three types of elimination: single-elimination, double-elimination and multi-elimination. Anyone who is eliminated is disqualified from the renewal of the tournament. Elimination matches are suitable for large numbers of people and short matches.

II. Round-robin system. A player (team) takes turns with other players (teams) participating in the tournament one by one.

The round-robin system is used when the number of participants (teams) is small and the schedule permits.

The round-robin system is usually a one-game system, or a double round-robin system in which each opponent plays two games.

Three, the point system. The main principle of the points of the same or similar to the main principle of scheduling the game, for the points of scheduling the game. Because of its rounds can be increased or decreased according to the situation, the schedule between the elimination system and the round-robin system.

Four, multi-set tiebreaker system. Applicable to two-player matches, usually two out of three, three out of five, four out of seven, or ten games.

Fifth, the whole team round-robin system. Applicable to the two teams of the confrontation, that is, one side of the players one by one and the other side of all the players take turns against the game.

Sixth, the ring tournament. The way to play the ring for group confrontation.

The two sides of the ring game, must be in order to line up the order. The way to play the ring for only one game each time, the loser eliminated, the winner and the other side of the game, where the last player of the party lost, the ring good that is the end of the game.

Article 28 Calculation of Results

I. Individual Match

Score System. The result of each game, on the score sheet, is credited with 2 points for the winner, 0 points for the loser, and 1 point each for the draw.

Determination of rankings:

1. In the round-robin system, the results will be calculated according to the individual points, and the highest points will be ranked first; in the case of the same number of points, the following principles will be used to compare the rankings in order, and to distinguish the rankings.

A. Accumulate the points of the opponents that the individual has won, plus half of the points of the opponents and the points of the opponents to compare each other, and the one with the highest score will be ranked first.

B. Throughout the match, the one with the least number of warnings will be ranked first.

C. A tie for first place.

D. If a tie for places is not permitted, additional races shall be held or lots shall be drawn to distinguish places.

2. In point-scheduling competitions, the total score is compared to differentiate the rankings, and the one with the highest total score will be ranked first. The formula for calculating the total score is:

Total score = individual points + ｛[total points of opponents ÷ (maximum points / 2)] - the number of rounds｝

If the total score is equal, then according to the above items B, C, D, three differentiation of rankings.

Team competition

Scoring method: The scoring method for team competition is the same as individual competition. Each game is based on the number of points between the two teams. The one who scores more points will win, and the score will be 2 points; the one who scores less points will lose, and the score will be 0 points; the score will be equal, and the score will be 1 point each.

Determination of rankings:

1. In the round-robin system of team competition, each team will be ranked first if it has the highest game score; if the game scores are equal, the highest game score will be ranked first; if the game scores are the same, the game scores of the first player will be ranked first; if all the players are the same as the next player, a tie will be allowed.

2. In the team competition of the point system, the team results will be based on the total score to differentiate the rankings, and the total score will be as follows:

Total Score = Game Score + {[Opponent's Game Score ÷ (Highest Game Score ÷ 2)] - Number of Rounds}

If the score is the same, the rankings will be differentiated according to the order of round robin matches.

Three: Extra matches for ranking

If the match does not allow a tie, extra matches may be arranged. The details of the additional matches, including the number of games, time limit, number of teams, etc., shall be stipulated by the organizing body of the competition in advance.

Article 29: Withdrawal of players from the tournament shall be dealt with in the following ways:

I. If a player withdraws from the tournament before the tournament has begun, the lots shall be redrawn if time permits.

II. In a round-robin tournament, if a player withdraws from the tournament and the number of games played is less than half of the total number of rounds, all his/her results shall be invalidated. If the number of games played reaches half of the total number of rounds, all the following games forfeited will be considered as the opponent's victory.

Three: If a player withdraws from a match in a round-robin tournament, his/her result will be valid and will not be rearranged for subsequent rounds.

The method of calculating the points of the opponent with whom the player has already played: the part of the points already played is valid.

The unplayed portion shall be A (i.e. points ÷ number of games played) x number of unplayed games. if A is greater than 1, then 1 shall be counted

.

Fourth: If a player withdraws from a match in a rivalry match or a team match, the result of the match will be valid, and the last part of the match will be considered as the opponent's victory.

Chapter V. Organization of the Competition and Others

Article 30: Organization of the Competition

A corresponding organization shall be established in accordance with the needs of various competitions and shall be responsible for the preparation of the competitions, the handling of problems in the competitions and the aftermath of the competitions.

The preparatory work of the competition is mainly:

I. According to the scale and conditions of the competition, the appropriate number of referees shall be hired and the head referee shall be appointed. If the number of referees is large, additional deputy referees may also be appointed.

II. According to the number of applicants, determine the method and schedule of the competition.

Third, prepare the field and equipment for the competition.

Article 31 Duties of the head referee

I. Draft the supplementary regulations of this competition and provide the organizing committee to discuss and pass the implementation.

II. Organize the referees to study the rules and regulations.

Three, a clear division of labor for the referees, and the right to revoke the referee's qualification for serious misconduct.

Fourth, preside over the first round of the tournament's draw, supervise the scheduling of matches and the announcement of results.

V. Inspecting the playing field, equipment and utensils.

VI. Handle various problems reported by referees in a timely manner and deal with special cases of competition work.

Seven, after the end of the competition, to the General Assembly to announce the winning rankings.

VIII. Do a good job of summarizing the post-game, and write comments on the referees.

Article 32 Duties of Referees

I. Referees should be familiar with the rules, serious, fair and accurate in carrying out their duties.

2. They shall execute the competition regulations, the rules of Go and the discipline of the field of play. The referee shall make a timely and fair judgment on the players who have violated the rules or discipline.

Three, responsible for the game supervision, record, timing and calculation of winners and losers of the game.

Fourth: To announce the results of the tournament in time, and to do a proper job of organizing the tournament.

V. Reporting major problems that are difficult to handle to the head referee in a timely manner.

Sixth: Do not make any moves that will hinder the players in the game, and do not discuss or explore unfinished games.

VII. Referees have the obligation to check the accuracy of the game clock in time.

Article 33: Equipment

A. Board

The standard Weiqi board is slightly rectangular in shape. The horizontal lines are equidistant from 2.25 to 2.35 centimeters, the vertical lines are equidistant from 2.4 to 2.5 centimeters, and 2 centimeters are left on the outside of the board.

II. The pieces

The diameter of a standard Go piece is 2,2 - 2,3 centimeters, and its thickness does not exceed 1 centimeter.

Three, the clock

Go game clock by two clock face, two buttons, can stop a stop a go or stop at the same time the special chess game clock.

Four, stopwatch

The seconds are read with a general stopwatch. A watch may also be used instead for grassroots tournaments.

Article 34 The interpretation of these rules shall be vested in the Chinese Sports Commission.