What are the materials used to make cars?

Automobile manufacturing materials are divided into metal materials, non-metal materials and composite materials.

1, metal material: steel, aluminum, magnesium alloy.

2. Non-metallic materials: ceramics and plastics.

3. Composite materials: fiber reinforced ceramics and fiber reinforced metals.

Automobile body shell is mostly made of metal materials, such as steel plate, carbon fiber, aluminum, reinforced plastic and so on. The materials of automobile body shell and different parts are different for different purposes. Generally, it is steel plate, Audi luxury car is aluminum, racing car is carbon fiber, and the hood of Hummer H2 is FRP.

The early body used the carriage body structure, and the whole body was mainly made of wood.

19 12, Edward Bart made the all-metal car body for the first time. 1925, Vincenzo Lancia invented the load-bearing car body, which consists of metal structural parts and large-scale panels formed by stamping steel plates. This kind of metal body has been used up to now, and it has been continuously improved and developed.

Extended data:

1, body structure

Automobile body structure mainly includes: body shell, doors, windows, front sheet metal parts, interior and exterior decorative parts and body accessories, seats, ventilation, heating, air conditioning and so on. Trucks and special vehicles also include trucks and other equipment.

Body shell is the installation foundation of all body parts, which usually refers to a rigid spatial structure composed of main load-bearing components such as longitudinal, transverse beams and columns and connected sheet metal parts.

The skeleton of most passenger cars is obvious, but the skeleton of car body and truck cab is not obvious. Body shell usually includes sound insulation, heat insulation, vibration prevention, corrosion prevention, sealing and other materials and coatings laid on it.

The door is installed on the body shell through hinges, which is an important part to ensure the performance of the body. These sheet metal parts form a space for accommodating parts such as engines and wheels.

2. Body parts

Body accessories include: door lock, door hinge, glass lifter, various seals, wiper, windshield washer, sun visor, rearview mirror, handle, cigarette lighter, ashtray, etc. Modern cars are often equipped with radios and rod antennas, and some cars are also equipped with wireless phones, televisions, small stoves for heating food and small refrigerators.

Ventilation, heating, cold air and air conditioning devices inside the car body are important devices to maintain the normal environment inside the car and ensure the safety and comfort of drivers and passengers. Seat is also one of the important devices inside the car body. The seat consists of a skeleton, a seat cushion, a backrest and an adjusting mechanism.

Cushion and backrest should have certain elasticity. The adjustment mechanism can make the seat move back and forth or up and down, and adjust the inclination angle of the seat cushion and backrest. Some seats also have elastic suspension and shock absorbers, which can be adjusted to ensure that the height of the seat cushion from the floor is appropriate under the different weight of the driver. Some truck cabs and buses are also equipped with sleepers suitable for long-distance driving at night.

3. Other facilities

In order to ensure driving safety, seat belts, headrests, airbags and various cushioning and padding devices are widely used in modern cars to restrain passengers. ?

According to the different types of goods transported, the truck body can be a common rail-plate structure, a platform structure, an inclined structure, a closed car body, a gas-liquid tank and a special container for pneumatic blowing and unloading for transporting bulk goods (grains, powder, etc.). ) or containers of various standard specifications suitable for highway, railway, waterway, air combined transport and international combined transport.

Baidu encyclopedia-car body

Baidu encyclopedia-automobile shell material