What are the environmental problems in rural areas?

At present, the main problem of rural environment is the residue and overuse of chemical products. The air pollution index in rural areas is also very high because of burning straw, and farming in rural areas has also brought a series of problems.

1, irrational use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

Since the reform and opening up, China's agriculture has developed rapidly, but this development mainly depends on the substantial increase in the input of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other chemicals, resulting in the decline of soil organic matter and fertility. Irrational use of chemical fertilizers will also pollute the atmosphere. After shallow application and spreading of nitrogen fertilizer, ammonia will often escape, and nitrate nitrogen will be denitrified under poor ventilation, and gaseous nitrogen will escape to the atmosphere, causing pollution to the atmosphere.

Pesticides in agricultural production have the advantages of quick response, high control effect and wide control range, which ensures the high yield and increase of crops, reduces species diversity and makes the already fragile agricultural ecosystem in rural areas more fragile. When using pesticides, some natural enemies of agricultural pests, such as frogs, ladybugs, Trichogramma, and even some insect-eating birds, also died in large numbers due to food chain or direct poisoning, which destroyed the ecological balance.

2. The transfer of urban pollution to rural areas has accelerated the environmental pollution in rural areas.

With the adjustment of urban industrial structure, some enterprises with high energy consumption, heavy pollution and difficult governance have moved to the countryside, which has brought serious pollution to the rural environment. Due to poor factory conditions and imperfect equipment, on the one hand, irrigation will affect crop growth; On the other hand, aquatic plants and animals in the river were destroyed. In addition, a large amount of urban garbage is buried or piled up in rural areas. Urban garbage and industrial solid waste not only occupy valuable land resources, but also pollute the surrounding water, soil and atmosphere, greatly affecting the health of nearby residents and destroying the rural ecological environment.

3. Straw burning pollution is serious.

Every summer and autumn is the most serious period of air pollution in rural areas. A large number of straws are not used in rural areas every year. With the improvement of agricultural mechanization, harvesters are used to harvest wheat in most rural areas, which saves time and effort, but there are quite a lot of stubble left. If left untreated, it will inevitably affect the growth of crops in autumn, and the concentration of carbon monoxide will rise sharply, causing serious air pollution. In the evening, the air humidity increases, the smoke diffusion slows down, and all of them accumulate in the lower level, and the visibility is greatly reduced. In severe cases, it will also lead to respiratory diseases, which will greatly affect people's physical and mental health.

4. Environmental problems caused by poultry breeding and related industries in rural areas.

According to the survey data, raising a cow produces more wastewater than 22 people in their lifetime, and raising a pig produces the same wastewater as seven people in their lifetime. Nitrate and benches in the groundwater in the nearby area were put on the street to dry, and animal bristles such as pig hair were dried all over the street, which smelled bad and mosquitoes and flies gathered in large numbers. Most of these workshops are located in residential areas, which seriously affects the quality of life of the surrounding residents, damages people's physical and mental health and worsens rural environmental sanitation.