What is Chinese national science - the four parts of Jing, Shi and Zi ji

Provide an article for reference: "What is the Chinese national science - the four parts of the scriptures, history, and the collection of the correct name" What is the Chinese national science?

Chinese national education is a term that arose in the 1920s of the last century, when there was no need to mention the historical background, and the academic theme of the times was the eastward gradation of Western learning. Previously, China's old school in the face of modern civilization was a failure, Zeng Guofan inherited the Ming Confucian tradition, physical practice, through the use of the classics, and later Zhang Zhidong proposed "secondary school for the body, Western learning for use", trying to reconcile the yin and yang relationship between tradition and reality. Later, the academic world rose "finishing the national history" of the boom, although with the historical conditions at that time seems to be incongruous, in fact, there is a profound historical rationality. Proposed to learn from the West, "the master of the barbarians in order to control the barbarians" Wei Yuan, then not only proposed to learn from Western civilization, but also proposed to restore the two Han scriptures, which seems to be extremely contradictory, but in fact it is Wei Yuan's brilliant, and since then it is on the basis of such a reasonable principle of communication between the East and the West.

At that time, there was a tendency for the people of China to reject the national essence, and what comes from foreign countries is syphilis is also good, while looking at one of the intruders of the New Culture Movement, Hu Shih, who introduced Dewey's pragmatism at the same time teaching the history of Chinese philosophy. At that time, the historical atmosphere, the concept of national education after the emergence of its meaning of connotation is naturally more complex, including the traditional official folk all kinds of learning, art, skills, etc., but in a narrow sense, the scope of the national education is not out of the four parts of the scriptures, history, and the collection of the four, while the four parts of the four parts of the scriptures as the first.

Today's people's basic view of the national education is only in the form, and even think that the use of the literary language is the national education, for the Park and so on a few do not have any concept. For example, the rule of national education first from the beginning of the scriptures, the scriptures, the ancient name of the six scriptures or the six arts, the later generations through the Qin fire, after a few changes, is ultimately designated as the thirteen scriptures, including the "Zhou Yi", "Shangshu", "Poetry", "Weekly Rites", "Rites", "Zuozhuan", "Gongyangzhuan", "Guliangzhuan", "the Analects of Confucius", "Erya", "Filial Piety", "Mengzi". Zhouyi" to divination of the book, through the Qin fire and alone, has not been burned and banned, the six scriptures in the other scriptures and six countries history books and so on were burned in the burning of books and pitting of scholars, after the beginning of the Han Dynasty by the official collation of the search, from the late Qin Dr. Fusheng these people according to their recitation of the recounting of the re-fill, and the original book more inconsistent, and at the same time there is Ru Gongwang bad Confucius home wall found in the wall of the book, and the later generations of Liu Xin in the secret house to organize out of the "Ancient scriptures", although there are scripturalists of the present and the ancient text of the controversy, the ancient text of the family and because of the forgery of part of the scriptures and be criticized, after the East Han Zheng Xuan reconcile the present and the ancient text, but also by the Wang Bi, Wang Su people, the present and the ancient text of the controversy gradually eliminated, and a generation of people are a generation of the style of the interpretation of the scriptures, the Western Han still plague, so Dong Zhongshu and others speak Gongyang science of the words of the plague, the Beijing room of the Yi school of the trigonometric gas; The Eastern Han Dynasty was popular prophecy, Zheng Xuan is both the note of the book of latitude; Wei and Jin still Xuan, is the efforts to reconcile Confucianism and Taoism, on the four this, Chong have, noble no to have will not be the same as the theory that said the "Yi" more than to take the purpose of the Taoists. The North and South Dynasties to the Sui and Tang dynasties, roughly inherited and collated, Kong Yingda notes group of scriptures, for the time of the integration of the north and south of the scriptures to make a contribution.

Song and Ming Yi following Chen Tuan and Shao Yong, Zhu Xi, after the adoption of easy to speak easy, focusing on righteousness, at this time, the science of science, but also those who experienced the Sui and Tang dynasties, by the influence of Zen Buddhism, and into a new realm. And then there is Taiji, gas, reason, sex, said all over the human heart, at this time the Confucianism from Confucius has been gradually far away, to Wang Yangming "psychology" is more to take the Buddhist Mahayana essence. The Qing Dynasty, the text of the great rise, the Park School of the great rise, especially during the Qianjia years, Nalan "Tongzhi Hall scriptural interpretation", after the text of all the collation of the scriptures to investigate the version and make justice paper, Jiao Zhuan, Qian Daxin, Ruan Yuan, etc., for the crown.

In recent times, Yuyue both ancient and modern text, its disciples and then start the ancient and modern text of the controversy, there is the South China Sea, Mr. Kang Youwei made the "new school of pseudo-scripture test", when Zhang Taiyan, Liu Shipei people, so the struggle is getting more and more intense. Through the history of Confucianism, we must also know the political factors behind the Confucianism, such as the Han Dynasty, the Confucianism is the method of monopoly of the Shi clan, the note is to master the right to speak, is to create the Spring and Autumn aristocrats as a general generation of hairpin tassel of the giant family, in Jin after the Shi clan has become a force beyond the imperial power, to the "king of the horse **** the world," the said.

The dispute between the ancient and modern literature is more involved in many political factors, such as Wang Mang reorganization, etc. In short, the intricacies of the problems in the scriptures, and only after the rule of the scriptures, can be spread throughout the books, history, son, set of the Department. For example, do not pass the scriptures, will not "Er Ya", "Shuowen Jiezi" exegetical phonetics and so on, will not be able to read and understand the ancient books on the text; do not understand the "Zhouyi" number of elephants and even astronomy and geography, will not be able to read and understand the history of the various calendars in the heavenly phenomena of the disaster records, and also do not read and understand the "Historical Records," the "Qin and Chu occasion of the moon table" and so on, and thus also unable to understand the Sima Qian "study of the sky and mankind "The theoretical system; do not understand the Yi science, do not read the Spring and Autumn Annals, the Classic of Poetry, the Book of Rites, and so on, will not be able to understand a lot of theoretical sources in the Zi science (because the ancient culture of the organizers and masterminds are not Lao Zi, Mozi, Zhuang Zi, but Confucianism's supreme master, Confucius).

There are roughly three kinds of systems in the history department: a chronicle, inherited from the system of "Historical Records", such as the "Book of Han" and "Ming History"; a chronicle, inherited from the system of "Spring and Autumn Annals", such as the "Ziji Tongjian"; and a chronicle, inherited from the "Tongjian Jiyi Benjuan", such as the "Song History Jiyi Benjuan", and so on. In the eyes of Zhang Chengzhai, the six classics are all history ("Zhouyi" and the relationship between history can be referred to Hu Pu'an "Zhouyi view of ancient history"), so the history of the Department of the actual is also inherited from the tradition of Confucianism, the history of the pen that is the use of Spring and Autumn brushwork and the use of Confucianism through the three unity, respect for the king and the barbarians, the great unity, the mother of the child is the most important concepts, this is the Department of the history of the profile.

Set part of the Chu speech, general collection, collection of other classifications, the main collection of literature and art works, this part of the writer as a result of the successive generations of updated and populated with a great view, such as the Song people have tens of thousands of volumes of books, and in the world after the book burning in the Jiangling book collection, but only 20,000 to 30,000 volumes. This part of the primary and secondary school with the scriptures (rhyme and exegesis, etc.) more associated with, such as "Peiwen poetry rhyme," etc., to be different from the elementary school, do not understand the flat and narrow and ancient sound, etc., you can not recite poems to fill in the lyrics of the fugue belonging to the text, today's article is not good or the elementary school is not enough to solid foundation of the Chinese characters themselves do not have a deep understanding of the Chinese characters themselves, but also can not be through the other languages and the Chinese language comparison, the more obvious language ability is thin. The article can be used as three immortal "speech", but it is also the essence of the article.

Beyond history and history, such as the West Wing, Peony Pavilion and so on can be categorized as a collection of the Department of the arts, is also the content of the national essence of the national science also has a seat, but is no longer the main vein, the development of today can be, but in fact, has been the end of the industry of the idle stream.

On national science, the first national science of the meaning of the so-called must also correct the name, good.