How exactly are the traditional Chinese medicine wax skin pills and wax pills made?

There are wax pills and wax pills in traditional preparations of Chinese medicine, which are two very different forms of preparations in terms of concept, preparation process, and use.　Wax pill is a kind of pill made by mixing beeswax as binder with fine powder of medicine. Because beeswax contains soft stearic acid, small polarity, insoluble in water, the pills made of beeswax release the drug slowly in the body, which can delay the absorption of the drug to play a long-lasting effect. At the same time, adjusting the dosage of beeswax can make the pills not work in the stomach, but in the intestines, thus preventing drug poisoning or strong stimulation of the stomach. "Wax pills, take its difficult to melt and slowly take effect or poison does not hurt the spleen and stomach," and thus are mostly used for the first choice of internal preparations containing more highly toxic and irritating drugs. Traditional wax pills include: Sanhuangbao Wax Pills, Kibi Jin Dan, Hemorrhoidal Leakage Wushuang Pills and so on.　In the preparation of wax pills, beeswax must be refined to remove impurities before it is introduced into the medicine (there are two methods of wax refinement: bleaching and boiling). After the refined wax is heated and melted, it should be cooled a little (about 60℃), the edge of the wax liquid will start to solidify, and the film will appear on the surface when it is added into the medicinal powder, stirred quickly, mixed evenly, and rolled into pills while it is still hot. The key to operation: master the temperature, while hot and medicine, fast rolling (to maintain the temperature of the medicine block at about 60 ℃). If the temperature is too high, it will be soft and inconvenient to form, if it is too low, it will be hard and difficult to roll. Some wax pills can also be sealed with wax skin and then stamped with the name of the product.　Wax pills are made from a mixture of beeswax and white wax (Chuan Bai Zhan), wrapped in a wax shell (also called wax skin) and sealed. The pills sealed with wax skin are mostly honey pills, a small number of wax pills, and the prescription often contains aromatic volatile class, precious materials class of drugs. Its purpose is to prevent the drug from contact with the air, contaminated mold, insects or physical and chemical reactions, to prevent the volatile aromatic ingredients volatile loss of drugs, and can keep the pills contain a certain amount of water so that the softness of the pills remain unchanged.　　 The wax shell is also called "hanging wax skin", the preparation process is more complex. The size of the wax shell is made according to the size of the pills, divided into five specifications, with certain specifications of the proposed wooden ball as a mold dipped in wax liquid after solidification. The raw materials for making wax shells should be pure, and if they are not pure, the finished products are easy to break and deform. Beeswax refining in addition to the above methods, but also after the sun wax treatment to decolorization. The temperature of mixed wax is 55℃~59℃, the ratio is 40% beeswax, 60% white wax, and the dosage of white wax is brittle and less is soft, which can be adjusted according to different seasons. Before dipping the wax, the wooden ball should be boiled with water, so that the specific gravity of the wooden ball increases and it is easy to dip the wax; the surface of the boiled wooden ball is slightly moist, and it is easy to peel off the dipped wax shell.　　 The temperature of wax dipping liquid should be controlled at 70℃~74℃, if it is too high, the wax shell will be thin and easy to be deformed, if it is too low, it will be thick and wasteful. The room temperature should be kept at 18℃~25℃, and it is suitable that no film is formed on the surface of the wax solution. Seal the wax shells after loading the pills, the temperature of the wax liquid dipped in the wax when sealing is 75℃~77℃. If it is low, two layers of wax skin will be formed or easy to peel off the cracks; if it is high, the surface will be uneven. After sealing the wax pill surface with a bullhorn stamp in the alcohol lamp baking hot dip gold, silver or Xinhong (silver Zhu) powder to cover the name of the product is complete.　　 Traditional wax pills include: Dawuoluo Dan, Wuji Baifeng Pill, Suhexiang Pill, Ginseng Rezao Pill, Angong Niuhuang Pill, Niuhuang Qingxin Pill, Turbinate Bone Zhenfeng Dan, Anshen Zanyu Pill, Ginseng and Antler Hygienic Pill and Sanhuangbao Wax Pill.　　 Example: Historical source: Qing Dynasty - Wu Qian, "Medical Zong Jin Jian", Volume 75, Essentials of Surgical Mind.　　 Prescription: 90 grams of Tianzhu Huang, 45 grams of Angelica sinensis, 90 grams of Liu Shuinu, 90 grams of Red Bud Dajia (moxibustion in vinegar), 120 grams of Garcinia Cambogia (made from tofu), 90 grams of Catechu, 30 grams of Manganese nitrate. Frankincense (vinegar moxibustion) 9 grams, musk 9, 90 grams of blood exhaust, mercury (moxibustion) 9 grams, 9 grams of black lead, amber 6, 90 grams of andrographis paniculata, the above fourteen flavors, *** weight 777 grams.　　 Method: 1. Crushing "will be very fine powder of cinnabar research, andrographis, amber, musk, respectively, research for fine powder through a sieve. Black lead in an iron pot heated and melted, then poured into the mercury, with a shovel constantly stirring, to the sandy, remove and leave to cool. The rest of the geranium and other nine flavors, and the system of mercury, black lead **** research for fine powder, combined with uniform sieve.　　 2. Mixed color: take cinnabar 30 grams of fine powder, placed in the mantle, in turn, with 90 grams of andrographis fine powder, amber fine powder 6 grams of fine powder, musk fine powder 9 grams of fine powder of geranium and other ten flavors of fine powder *** 672 grams of fine powder, with the set of color method, successively with the research, and evenly sifted.　　 3. Pill-making: another 720 grams of pure beeswax, heating and melting with the powder stirred, into a curd-like, placed in a copper disk. Maintain a certain temperature (to sticky soft shall prevail), weighing small pieces, while the heat is suitable for rolling, pill-making.　　 Specification: round and neat, consistent color, each pill weighs 3 grams. Packing: Sealed with wax skin or wax paper tube, sealed in a box. Storage: Keep in a cool and dry place. Functions: Removing toxins and eliminating blood stasis. Indications: Injuries caused by falls, blood stasis and obstruction. Apply externally to treat snake and insect bites. Usage and dosage: internally, take one pill each time, one to two times a day, stewed in yellow wine and served hot, reduce for children. For external use, add a little sesame oil, and apply to the affected area with heavy thirst. Or follow the doctor's instructions to take.　 Contraindication: Pregnant women should not take. Avoid eating cold things.