Say: What's the point of having a good traditional festival?

Hello, audience and friends, welcome to the live broadcast that we are paying attention to today.

After a long period of expectation, the draft for comments on China's holiday adjustment plan was finally launched today. The highlight of this plan is to give three traditional festivals in China a day off. Although this scheme is not the final implementation, the change is still very obvious and amazing. This change reflects the combination of these holidays originally stipulated by the government and traditional festivals handed down by the Chinese nation for thousands of years.

What is the significance and importance of this change itself? What should we do when these traditional festivals become holidays in the future? The studio invited two very authoritative guests to make a further interpretation for us. Let me introduce you. One is President Ji Baocheng of China Renmin University. Hello, President Ji.

Ji Baocheng (President of China Renmin University):

Hello.

Moderator:

The other is Liu, president of the Chinese Folklore Society. Hello, President Liu.

Liu (Chairman of China Folklore Society):

Hello.

Moderator:

Welcome to the studio to participate in our discussion on this topic. At the beginning of the program, let's talk about some key points of this scheme first, and then look at the big screen.

(Play short film)

Comments:

According to the published national statutory holiday adjustment plan, the main contents of the adjustment include the following three points.

1. The total number of national legal holidays has increased by 1 day, that is, from the current1day to 1 1 day.

2. Adjust the schedule of national statutory holidays, and keep 1 day unchanged on New Year's Day holiday; The Spring Festival holiday will remain unchanged for 3 days, but the start time of the holiday will be adjusted from the first day of the first lunar month to New Year's Eve. "May 1" International Labor Day was adjusted from 3 days to 1 day, a decrease of 2 days; The "Eleventh" National Day holiday will remain unchanged for 3 days; Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival are added as national statutory holidays, each 1 day (the first month of the lunar calendar is closed in the leap month).

3. It is allowed to move up and down on weekends, which will break with legal holidays.

Moderator:

So after the announcement of this plan today, everyone is very concerned, and I believe you are also very concerned. Why? Because you both mentioned some schemes similar to this.

Principal Ji, please tell me first. How different is this plan from the plan you put forward at the NPC meeting four times before by passing the bill after it was announced?

Ji Baocheng:

The basic direction and basic adjustment arrangements are basically the same.

Moderator:

Which ones are consistent? What are the inconsistencies?

Ji Baocheng:

For example, I suggest to increase 1 day, and the legal holidays will be increased from 10 to1day, which is exactly the same.

Moderator:

That's right.

Ji Baocheng:

We propose to adjust the so-called Golden Week, reduce the time of the Golden Week, and break it down into Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and New Year's Eve. This is consistent.

Moderator:

What are the inconsistencies?

Ji Baocheng:

What is inconsistent is that my original plan suggested that Spring Festival travel rush should be further strengthened. During the Spring Festival, I advocate a holiday on New Year's Eve, not three days, but four days. Then I have a further request. If it becomes 1 1 day, and the National Day is only 1 day, the Spring Festival should have five days off, plus four weekends, which is counted as nine days according to * * *. This is one of our plans.

Moderator:

Add 1 day, move a few more days, and move to the Spring Festival.

Ji Baocheng:

Move to the Spring Festival.

Moderator:

Strengthen the Spring Festival.

Ji Baocheng:

Yes, strengthen the Spring Festival.

Moderator:

But this time your plan is not reflected in the draft.

Ji Baocheng:

Increase 1 day, indicating that Qingming, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival have all been realized.

Moderator:

Chairman Liu, we know that you put forward a similar plan in the 1990s, and this plan has been put forward for many years. What did you find from this comparison scheme?

Liu:

The Chinese Folklore Society has done a lot of work in this respect. Just international academic seminars, seminars on the relationship between festivals and legal holidays have been held for three consecutive years.

Our plans for the Central Office for Spiritual Civilization and the later General Office of the State Council have now been basically realized.

At that time, we put forward such a plan because of the economic situation and did not make a detailed investigation. We put forward how to adopt our own plan while keeping the original total number of holidays unchanged. We spent 1 day on the National Day holiday to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival and 2 days on May Day to celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival. ...

Moderator:

Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Liu:

Tomb-Sweeping Day. Later, Spring Festival travel rush moved up 1 day. These are probably just different from ours. The difference between the current plan and ours is that there is a holiday of 1 day, and the National Day remains unchanged.

Moderator:

After listening to everyone's speeches, we feel that the draft of the draft for comments seems to have been finally drawn up by synthesizing everyone's drafts.

I know that Chairman Ji has put forward this proposal four times.

Ji Baocheng:

Four times.

Moderator:

What was your feedback when you first proposed this bill?

Ji Baocheng:

For the first time, after I proposed to add traditional festivals in China to legal holidays, the relevant departments in the State Council gave me an answer. This reply mainly refers to the whole rest day, with 1 14 days a year. Therefore, to increase legal holidays, we should consider economic development and social affordability as a whole. I feel this meaning is euphemistic, and I'm not sure about the plan.

Moderator:

What year was that?

Ji Baocheng:

It was June 5438+February 2004, but the last sentence said that we should study this problem seriously. There is a saying.

Moderator:

What changes have been made in the feedback of the follow-up motion?

Ji Baocheng:

This change will be great. The second time, although the answer was simple, he said that this proposal is of great significance for promoting excellent traditional culture, building a warm and harmonious social environment and enhancing national cohesion, and the relevant departments are demonstrating and studying it. The second reply was like this, and the text was relatively short.

The third time, I felt very positive. Besides repeating these words, it is "significant". He also said that he had reflected these problems to Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China and the Central Civilization Office. The relevant departments of the central government attach great importance to it and are investigating it. On this basis, he made a report to the leading comrades in the State Council, and the relevant leading comrades in the State Council instructed how to further investigate and study. This question gave us great encouragement at that time. In fact, the relevant departments in the State Council have been carefully taking demonstration measures to conduct investigation and study.

The last time was this year. The proposal I put forward this year puts forward some suggestions for implementation. I didn't discuss with him whether it was necessary, just an implementation opinion. The main point of this implementation opinion is to put forward this plan, and at the same time enforce the paid annual leave system and combine it.

This proposal is from another unit, and this reply is from the National Development and Reform Commission.

Moderator:

It's a draft for comments.

Ji Baocheng:

That's right. The National Development and Reform Commission gave us a reply, which was detailed and gave us the feeling that it would be introduced soon.

Moderator:

What changes have you felt through the different feedbacks of these four movements?

Ji Baocheng:

First of all, the first question takes a positive and cautious attitude towards something that is popular among the people and involves such an important issue as China's traditional culture. It has been like this for several years to listen carefully to opinions from all sides and conduct investigations and studies. My view at that time was that I hoped this problem could be solved during the term of this government. Now it has come out, during the term of this government.

Moderator:

Must be very happy.

Ji Baocheng:

Happy.

Moderator:

Very excited.

Ji Baocheng:

Very excited.

Moderator:

That's right. Since 1990s, president Liu Ye has been calling for changing traditional festivals into holidays. The draft finally came out. What's your mood?

Liu:

Of course, I'm excited. The reason for the excitement is that, in fact, the change of this plan has actually changed the history of a country's traditional festivals being shelved for nearly a hundred years and ended this history.

If our traditional festivals and national legal holidays are two systems, which used to be called "dual structure", now these two systems are actually well coordinated in a sense.

Moderator:

Put it together.

Liu:

Put it together. In this way, we have fulfilled a long-cherished wish for many years and changed such a history from 19 12. Here, in fact, we will gain a lot, and its effect will become more and more obvious as time goes by.

Moderator:

Yes, as a researcher, I have been engaged in this research for so many years, and now I am glad to see that my achievements can finally serve the society and be accepted by the public.

Liu:

This is of course, because the Chinese Folklore Society is composed of scholars engaged in folklore research. They strive for the truth in their own research, but how to apply their knowledge to society and provide intellectual support for social development is the direction we are constantly exploring. This time, it is perfect. Our own research results have promoted the progress of the whole social life, and at the same time, the needs of society have forced us to make more efforts in research. This is a good opportunity for us to contribute our knowledge.

Moderator:

So everyone is also very pleased. This is a draft from your point of view by two experts. After the publication of this draft, many people also have their own views. Let's listen together.

(Play short film)

Beijing citizen 1:

Because I am working now, I like the one about paid vacation and annual leave. As for the traditional festivals in China, there can be a small golden week, because it is divided into several sections, and all five holidays start with three days, which is also in line with the traditional habits of China people. I think it is a good arrangement for China people to spend some traditional festivals with their families. For the May Day holiday, I think this adjustment is supported because of the great pressure in the national tourist areas and the railway and road transportation.

Beijing citizens 2:

The adjustment of this scheme is to make some traditional festivals in China become legal holidays, which I think should be advocated. Because the traditional festivals in China have inherited and developed some cultures in China to some extent.

Beijing citizens 3:

I think it's good. Traditional festivals should be vigorously carried forward. Young people need this now. I think it's good to enhance their sense of honor for the motherland.

Beijing citizens 4:

I think it's ok to cancel the May Day holiday, because the May Day holiday is longer and it's meaningless. Traditional festivals like China still have traditional national characteristics. If you have a holiday, you can get together, which may be better.

Moderator:

Well, after watching some public reactions, let's listen to the opinions of two experts in the studio.

President Ji, I remember that you once conducted a national opinion poll about what people's attitude was after the cancellation of the May Day Golden Week. What is the result?

Ji Baocheng:

In February this year, the telephone survey center of the School of Statistics of Renmin University was commissioned by the National Development and Reform Commission to conduct a telephone survey. We conducted a telephone survey of 2634 respondents in six cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Changchun, Wuhan and Xi. They are distributed in different occupations, different age groups, and the nature of their work is different. The result of the survey is something like this. Most people who support making some traditional festivals legal holidays are very much in favor.

Moderator:

The support rate must be very high.

Ji Baocheng:

The support rate is very high, which is one of them.

Second, most people agree with the plan of increasing 1 day, but where are these additional days used? The first is in favor of the Spring Festival, and the second is in favor of the National Day. About 60% people are in favor of the Spring Festival and 20% people are in favor of the National Day.

Under this premise, the previous plan was in favor of four days of Spring Festival, no May Day Golden Week, and two days of National Day. This is a plan; Another scheme is that the Spring Festival lasts five days, and both National Day and May Day are 1 day. Which of the two plans is more advantageous? Therefore, most of them are also in favor of strengthening the Spring Festival.

Therefore, from the survey results, most of them are in favor of changing legal holidays into legal holidays, and at the same time, they are in favor of strengthening the Spring Festival and increasing the number of days 1. This is the whole plan.

Moderator:

What about Golden Week?

Ji Baocheng:

The golden week is gone, and most of them agree.

Moderator:

For what? Cancel?

Ji Baocheng:

Most people are in favor of canceling May Day. One is to cancel the National Day completely, and the other is to cancel it for two days, and then move the time a little to strengthen the Spring Festival. The idea of strengthening Spring Festival travel rush is very consistent, and it is probably like this.

Moderator:

President Liu, you can see that this draft clearly stipulates that there will be no May Day Golden Week in the future. Some tourism departments may still have some concerns about such regulations. What do you think? Do you agree or disagree?

Liu:

I am in favor of such a plan. The reason is that I don't like the word Golden Week itself. Because of what? Because holidays are public rest time stipulated by the state in the form of laws and regulations, as a resource, public rest time can give full play to its various benefits and functions. The holiday system can also be included in the holiday system, but it can not be included. After entering the holiday system, the benefits of the holiday still exist; In addition, there will be some other effects or functions. For example, there are the so-called inheritance of cultural traditions, the inheritance of national habits and the expression of national feelings. All the benefits will benefit from the moral education here and the construction of a harmonious society. Therefore, when considering holidays, we should naturally consider its cultural factors.

When considering, for example, canceling or changing the so-called May Day Golden Week in the past, now we have a new supplementary plan, that is, paid vacation. Now that we have paid holidays, we can arrange them freely or in different periods according to different personal circumstances, which actually does not affect the total length of the so-called Golden Week holiday.

Moderator:

That's right.

Ji Baocheng:

I also want to add one point to this question. I have always disagreed with the idea of Golden Week. Of course, it's better to take a long vacation.

Moderator:

Take a long vacation. It must be called Golden Week now.

Ji Baocheng:

The word "long holiday" is used, so the Golden Week is actually a Golden Week for tourism. But for other industries, such as the customs for a few days, is its import and export transaction volume gold or something else? Now that the economy is globalized, the exchange rate of the US dollar is changing rapidly, and it has stopped for a few days. How much should the loss be?

Therefore, this formulation was put forward from the perspective of tourism, and the newspaper report only reported how much the trip cost this week. This word is not necessarily accurate. Considering the whole national economy, this question is not accurate.

In addition, any festival has its meaning, and National Day and May Day also have their original meanings, which cannot be turned into complete material needs. Holidays actually meet people's spiritual needs, cultural needs and emotional needs, not from the perspective of material needs. Of course, we set it at 1999, because the specific situation at that time did play a positive role in stimulating domestic demand and developing the economy. Another important role was to greatly improve people's understanding of tourism, which is a good aspect. But I suggest calling it a long holiday in the future, not a golden week, especially in government documents. This is not a scientific formulation.

Moderator:

Therefore, both of you are very much in favor of the idea of canceling the May Day Golden Week proposed in this draft.

However, we have noticed some articles published in some media, talking about the Golden Week which you call a long holiday. This long vacation is a good time to have a rest, and he doesn't travel often, saying that I am busy every day. Finally, after seven days, I can rest at home, but now that I have cancelled, I will break up and I will not have a good rest.

But we also know that you have just emphasized that your original proposal contains a paid annual leave system, and this draft also has provisions in this regard. The key is how to ensure the paid annual leave system in the future so that people can really enjoy annual leave. What do you think, President Ji?

Ji Baocheng:

Now some workers may have some ideas about canceling the May Day Golden Week. In fact, the fundamental reason is that they are worried about whether paid annual leave can be implemented.

Moderator:

If I don't have enough rest.

Ji Baocheng:

Therefore, when we move a motion, it is called compulsory implementation of paid annual leave system.

At present, the law stipulates that the labor law implemented in June 1995 65438+ 10 1 clearly stipulates the state organs and institutions, and it is actually well implemented, unless you are too busy to have a rest, that is another matter. For enterprises, make decisions with reference to the above spirit. Some companies are doing well, while others are not.

Therefore, we feel that we must improve the paid annual leave system this time, and the draft for comments has also come out. If it is stipulated as a legal provision, it is a legal matter.

Therefore, we must first strengthen publicity and hope that all units and social units, including enterprises, will consciously implement it.

Second, the competent government departments should supervise and urge the implementation.

Third, if it is not enforced, the laborer has the right to protect himself and can appeal to the labor arbitration unit or even the judicial organ for compulsory enforcement.

As long as this publicity is done, most units will consciously implement it. Even if some people don't know enough, they will gradually get on the right track in a few years. Of course, some economic activities are going on, and it is really impossible to have a holiday, so wages must be raised according to regulations.

So the core of paid annual leave is vacation, and the key is paid.

Moderator:

If this system can be guaranteed, whether it is the Golden Week or the long holiday, everyone may accept it.

Ji Baocheng:

People's right to rest can be realized more harmoniously.

Moderator:

That's right. Let's talk about what I said at the beginning. The biggest change in this exposure draft is to combine holidays with our original traditional festivals.

You see, President Liu, traditional festivals in China have many connotations. It wasn't a holiday before. That's what everyone did. But if it really becomes a festival in the future, this day will really be celebrated seriously. How can we do that? Are we used to it?

Liu:

China's national traditional festival system should be said to be the best of all ethnic traditional festivals I know. Because as far as its composition is concerned, if we see that several other ethnic groups take religious memorial day as the core, our festival system is actually to coordinate the relationship between man and nature, the relationship between people, the harmony of the whole society, and the whole moral education is reflected in this festival. This system is a very beautiful system, and this tradition should be inherited.

Now that it has become a national legal holiday, that is to say, during this period, we will try our best to maintain such a tradition and carry forward the best factors in this tradition. Our factors are various, for example, it has many symbolic systems. For example, as far as plants are concerned, each festival has its own plant symbols, food, decoration and entertainment activities. At this time, people fully express and show their artistic talents. All these activities, whether mass activities or family activities, will be well maintained. In the future, both academic circles and the general public will better enjoy their traditional festivals.

Moderator:

Yes, you just mentioned that although festivals were not legal holidays in the past, you still have to find a way to spend them. For example, even if you ask for leave, you have to go to the grave. Maybe it's better to arrange it later?

Liu:

That's right.

Moderator:

This is why we should gradually get used to turning our traditional festivals into legal holidays.

Liu:

Such as Qingming.

Moderator:

That's right.

Liu:

At this time, we will go for an outing, that is to say, we should be close to nature and pay homage to the revolutionary martyrs monument. In fact, we have inherited our excellent revolutionary tradition; At the same time, we should also pay tribute to national heroes, such as Yandi Mausoleum, Huangdi Mausoleum and some pioneers. In fact, we have continued the history of the whole nation, not to mention going to visit the grave ourselves, so that the family, the whole moral tradition, the blood relationship and the whole social relationship have been consolidated and there will be very rich contents to enrich our own festivals.

Ji Baocheng:

Many traditional festivals in the West are related to gods and religions, while traditional festivals in China are more related to people and attach importance to human nature and family.

Moderator:

I think the media said that this draft embodies the people-oriented concept.

Ji Baocheng:

Yes, it is. It is people-oriented. Building the spiritual home of our nation is indeed a matter of * * *. Having such a meaning in it can play such a role.

Moderator:

Look at these two experts. Now the original holiday is 1 1 1 day, and later it is 1 14 days. If this draft is implemented, it will take 1 15 days.

Liu:

Suppose you add ...

Moderator:

Plus paid annual leave.

Liu:

Paid annual leave, that's not enough, add five days, or add 10 days, and some even add 15 days.

Moderator:

We may have a third of the rest time in 365 days a year.

Ji Baocheng:

That's right.

Moderator:

What do you think this means in itself, Chairman Ji?

Ji Baocheng:

Marx believes that the increase of leisure time is the expression of social civilization and progress. People want to develop freely and fully, not only in their study and work time, but also in their leisure time, which is an extremely important part of their free and all-round development. Therefore, to improve rest, on the one hand, rest at ordinary times, holidays to improve the cultural taste and spiritual sublimation of holidays, are very important aspects of people's free and all-round development.

Moderator:

Now that the economy is booming, does more rest have a negative impact on the economy?

Ji Baocheng:

That won't happen. It will only arouse everyone's enthusiasm, and the ability of independent innovation may be stronger.

Rest is also moderate, and you can't rest 365 days a year. Of course, that's unacceptable. Therefore, unifying and coordinating our holidays is indeed a comprehensive consideration of all aspects of social and economic development. This time, the government's consideration is very thoughtful. There are weekends, paid annual leave, holidays, holidays are evenly distributed throughout the year, long holidays and small holidays, and the right to rest is realized harmoniously. This plan is very good.

Liu:

In addition, don't treat holidays as a simple rest.

Moderator:

In fact, it is also consumption.

Liu:

Besides spending money, I often go to the National Library. on holiday ...

Moderator:

study

Liu:

There are more people in the library than usual, and there are more bookstores. Everyone will make full use of holidays to improve their moral cultivation and supplement their knowledge. This time is a very developed personality, and there are a lot of such harmony, such as morality and interpersonal relationships. Holidays should not be regarded as a simple rest.

Moderator:

Yes, the holiday itself is like studying as you said. Actually, there are cultural elements in it.

Ji Baocheng:

That's right. We should also expand ... enrich and develop the cultural connotation of Chinese traditional festivals. For example, it is patriotic to commemorate Qu Yuan's Dragon Boat Festival, and dragon boat racing is a team spirit of striving for progress and striving for the upper reaches. There is also drinking yellow rice wine, inserting mugwort leaves and calamus, which is actually a folk health festival, that is, when summer comes, it is sanitary.

Moderator:

So this combination actually highlights the taste of culture.

Ok, let's call it a day. Thank you very much for coming to the studio today to participate in our discussion. Thank you.

Ok, audience friends, today's "Today's Concern" is over. Thank you for watching. We will meet again at the same time tomorrow.

Producer: Zhang Liyong

Planning: Wang Dongni

Editor: Kouchun

Supervision system: Wang Future