What are genes? What is genetic modification technology

Answer:1. Genes: Genes (genetic elements) are the material basis of heredity, specific nucleotide sequences with genetic information on DNA or RNA molecules. Genes transmit genetic information to the next generation through replication, so that the offspring appear similar to the parent's traits. Human beings have about tens of thousands of genes, which store all the information about the process of conception, growth and apoptosis of life, and accomplish important physiological processes such as life reproduction, cell division and protein synthesis through replication, expression and repair. All life phenomena such as birth, growth, disease, aging and death of an organism are related to genes. It is also an intrinsic factor in determining human health.

2. Transgene technology:

Transgene technology is the artificial isolation and modification of genes into the genome of organisms, due to the expression of the imported genes, caused by the heritable modification of the organism's traits, this technology is called transgene technology (Transgene technology). People often say "genetic engineering", "genetic engineering", "genetic transformation" are synonyms of transgene. Organisms modified by genetic engineering are often referred to in the media as "genetically modified organisms" (GMOs).

Scientific methods are used to extract the desired genes from one organism and transfer them into another organism to recombine the genes with those of the other organism to produce a specific substance with superior hereditary traits. Transgenic technology can be used to change the traits of plants and animals and to breed new varieties. It is also possible to use other organisms to produce biological products that humans need for medicine and food.

Transgenic technology, including the cloning of exogenous genes, expression vectors, receptor cells, and transgenic pathways, etc., the exogenous gene synthesis technology, the development of artificial design of the gene regulatory network, resulting in the 21st century will move towards the 21st century, transgenic technology will be transgenic systems biotechnology - synthetic biology era.