How to write a military high technology essay (2)

Military high technology essay two

High technology? s transmutation

[Abstract] Discusses the important role and significance of technological factors in the process of book development, and points out that modern book design presents? High-tech? and points out that the modern book design shows the tendency of high technology. High technology The concept of "high technology" is a special concept that contains a variety of semantic meanings and rich connotations, which discusses the new development of modern book design from different perspectives, and focuses on the core ideological problems of modern book design, with the aim of providing theoretical references and guidance for the practice of modern book design.

[Keywords] High-Tech Books Book Design Mechanical Aesthetics Aesthetic Value

[CCS] G232 [Literature Identifier] A [Article Number] 1009-5853 (2014) 06-0033-05

Change of ? High-Tech ? : the New Development of Modern Book Design

Gu Yuanyuan

(School of Fine Arts, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023)

[ Abstract] Technical factors play a very important role in the process of books developement.Today,?High-Tech? becomes a remarkable feature of the modern book design. Today,?High-Tech? becomes a remarkable feature of the modern book design.?High-Tech? is a concept with rich connotations. Applying this concept to modern book design leads to a lot of different book binding style. Applying this concept to modern book design leads to a lot of different book binding style.This paper studies the development of modern book design from different aspects, and explains the core problems of modern book design. This paper studies the development of modern book design from different aspects, and explains the core problems of modern book design. It is to provide a theoretical reference and guidance to modern book design.

[Key words] High-Tech Book Book design Mechanical aesthetics Aesthetic value

Technology, as a supplement and extension of human limbs, senses and brain, is an effective means to realize the specific purpose of human beings, and a material force to regulate and change human beings and nature. In the development process of human society, books, as an important intermediary and platform for the survival of knowledge and dissemination of culture, bear the brunt of the impact and constraints of new science and technology, such as papermaking and printing directly on the development of books, thus changing the basic form of books, while the changes in the form of the books reflect the development of technology, which has become a microcosm of the technological development of mankind. From papyrus to parchment scrolls, from oracle bones to wire-bound books, until today's diverse forms of digital, electronic and multimedia publications, books have become an important window and stage for the display of new human technologies. Modern book design, pay more attention to the rational use of new technologies, highlighting the details of craftsmanship, and intentionally reflect the symbolic significance of science and technology, and vigorously promote the aesthetics of machines and the beauty of new technologies, advocate? Mechanical beauty? The new technology, with an alternative perspective, reinterprets the modern civilization, presenting the meaning of "high technology". High Technology characteristics. For example, Mr. Han Zhanning designed the international print magazine No.1 (Fig. 1), which uses tin foil as the outermost package of the book. The silver tin foil shows a strong sense of modern technology, and when readers tear open the book package, the shape of the tin foil changes, creating an irregular form, and the twisted, folded, and torn tin foil creates a unique visual effect by reflecting and refracting light, reflecting mechanical aesthetics. The twisted, folded and torn tin foil creates a unique visual effect by reflecting and refracting light, reflecting the characteristics of mechanical aesthetics. From the perspective of book creation, this is a redesign of the book form. redesign? In this process, the reader participates in the book's form. secondary creation? and presents diversified design effects.

Strictly speaking, ? Hi-Tech? is High-Tech, also known as? The High-Tech school, also known as the High-Tech school, originated in the field of architectural design. High-Tech? buildings use fine technical structures, pay attention to the use of modern industrial materials and industrial processing technology, and exaggerate the visual elements of technologization, often exposing the building structure, framework, equipment, pipelines and so on. At the same time,? High-tech? buildings emphasize the sense of the times of the construction process, attach importance to the symbolic characteristics of industrialization, giving the building a new aesthetic meaning. The most representative? High-tech? buildings are the Pompidou Cultural Center in Paris, France, and the Bank of China in Hong Kong. This style has an important influence in the history of modern architecture, and has continued and influenced until today. As a systematized cultural ecosystem, modern book design is bound to be influenced by the contemporaneous? high technology? architectural style, presenting the influence of? High-tech characteristics. This is due to the fact that books, as cultural intermediaries and carriers, have a strong orientation, and their visual forms are easily influenced by contemporary pioneers and avant-garde art, and present a certain style tendency. On the other hand, since books and buildings are three-dimensional structures with very similar spatial forms, there is an intrinsic fit between books and buildings, whether in the overall construction of the idea or in the specific expression of the method, therefore, the new development of modern architectural art is more likely to influence the design of modern books and make it present a specific artistic style. As Mr. Lv Jingren said: ? I think book design should be a kind of three-dimensional thinking, a book that shapes three-dimensional space by injecting the concept of time? Architecture? [1]

Modern book design is not only influenced by contemporaneous architectural technology and art, but also by a variety of factors such as socio-economic, cultural and artistic influence and constraints.? High technology? style book design in the process of gradual development and maturity,? Technology The connotation of itself is also changing, it is no longer a kind of pure instrumental rationality and scientific materialization, and no longer just a neutral word without any emotional factors, it has been artificially endowed with more subjective meanings and individual colors, and gradually transmuted into a new aesthetic standard that contains a variety of semantic meanings and is fused with a variety of perceptual factors. High-tech? not only represents the high technical standard and craft level, but also means the high artistic sense and high aesthetics pursued by modern book design, the high standard and high access of design, the high demand of readers as well as the high grade, high emotion and high compensation presented by the books in the end. In essence, this transmutation not only involves the material surface, but also refers to the inner core of human spirit, which is the change of thinking mode of modern book design, the change of design method, and the change of aesthetic concept. Objectively speaking, this is a positive change, reflecting the new development of modern book design.

1 book design of high technology and high technology modern book design and architectural design as much emphasis on systematic design (Systematic Planning) and parametric design (Parametric Planning), emphasizing the use of structural system of modularization, componentization, standardization, book designers with the help of advanced processing equipment and conditions, will be modern industrial design and architectural design of new materials. The book designers, with the help of advanced processing equipment and conditions, put a lot of new materials, new technologies and new techniques in modern industrial design and architectural design. Transplantation to book design, and the use of industrialized processing techniques, mechanized visual elements and technologized semantic symbols, the book binding form, structure and style to make bold innovation and revolutionary treatment. The face of book design is new, presenting a? High Technology style tendency, and gradually evolved into an independent art form and aesthetic form.

Modern book design basic paper size and openings, such as large degree, full degree of paper in full compliance with the needs of industrialized mass production, book openings on this basis and then subdivided, the whole book is made of the same size of the standard paper in the spatial dimensions of the repeated construction. In addition, the book layout design of the master, paragraph style, font style settings are completely built on the basis of standardization and componentization, these elements can be systematically constructed parameters, the basic elements can be repeated once set to call, so as to achieve the strict unity of the entire book in the visual form. Header, footer, page number position, header, footer, staple, cut, distance between columns, font, font size, word spacing, line spacing size, etc., can also be strictly regulated in the design, so as to achieve standardized design. In the overall construction of the book, designers often use contrast, analogy, *** birth, repetition, order and other ways to reconstruct the spatial structure of the book, trying to show the rationality of the technology and spatial flexibility, and at the same time, the book's various localities, such as the front cover, back cover, dust jacket, girdle, spine, strangulation, ring lining, title page and so on, to carry out the redesign, through the exposure of the book's internal modulization of standardized building blocks, to create a special space structure.

Modern book design emphasizes the expression of material characteristics, in addition to the use of traditional paper, but also a large number of wood, metal, plastic, ceramics and other special materials, through a variety of materials interspersed, combinations and juxtapositions, resulting in a strong visual contrast and visual contrast, thus creating a special spatial effect, reflecting the ? High-tech? characteristics. Such as Mr. Han Jiaying's design of "Shenzhen Graphic Design 03 Exhibition Collection" (Figure 2), such as? High-tech? Architecture exposed structure, frame and pipeline in general, the spine of the book partially or completely exposed, through the internal rules of locking line and external transparent glue to the dispersed pages combined into a book, the binding line and the neatly bookmarks naturally revealed, each folded part of the bookmarks present different printing colors, multi-colored bookmarks neatly juxtaposed together, building a three-dimensional three-dimensional structure. This is completely different from the neat, regular and closed binding style of traditional books, which not only meets the need for book protection, but also creates a special industrialized visual effect, embodying the intrinsic meaning of mechanical aesthetics. Another example is Wang Yuefei's design of "Chint Group Profile Album" (Figure 3), in the design through the use of metal or imitation metal materials, auxiliary pressure embossing, die-cutting, hot stamping gold and silver and other post-press processes, to create a special metal effect for the book, giving the book a new meaning of aesthetics.

2 book design high art and high aesthetic

Technology and art, respectively, belong to the material production and spiritual production of different areas. But they are also as a constituent element, **** the same into the design product [2]. Modern book designers use the language of technologization to achieve ? High art? Visualization of the visual effect, technology is the path and means of realization, the enhancement of artistic value is the goal of the designer. As Mr. Yin Dingbang said, when design solves the technical problems and functions of material and technical products, art becomes its never-ending pursuit [3]. In fact, there is a relationship of mutual transformation and integration between technology and art,? When technology rises to a certain degree, it becomes art? To a certain extent, in modern book design, technology is art,? High technology? means? High art.

In the book binding technology and processing technology continues to develop the background of the traditional book of the connotation and extension of the book has changed, the book visual form further independent.? High technology? s intervention has changed the role of books. In addition to the traditional function of cultural transmission and continuity, books also take on more tasks, with stronger artistry, fun and interactivity, and become more readable, knowable, appreciable, playable and sensible, like a piece of high-grade ornamental and elegant play, which often makes readers love to let go of their hands. Wu Yong's promotional brochure for the TV series "Painted Soul" (Figure 4) adopts a special triangular structure, completely subverting the traditional form of quadrilateral books, and adopts post-printing processes such as die-cutting and creasing, which is highly artistic and interesting. Zhu Winchun's design of Uncropped (Fig. 5) fully combines the specific content of the book to make corresponding changes in the form, forming an inner fit. The title page of the book is equipped with a small paper knife, with which the reader has to cut out the pages that are stuck together before turning each page. Reading seems to become more complicated, but it is full of interactive fun, and the reader enjoys more surprises and joys brought by book design in the process of reading. At this point, the book has transcended the utilitarian color, transmuted into a pure form of art, like a high-quality artwork, with the value of collection, appreciation and aesthetics, the visual form of the book has an independent aesthetic value and significance. Therefore, to judge the advantages and disadvantages of modern book design, we should not stay in the traditional discourse system, but should change our perspective, update our concepts, re-recognize the role of the book as a work of art, and pay attention to the value of the visual form of the book itself. As Xu Lu said in "The Bookishness on the Cover": ? A true lover of books is never to put the life and beauty of the book only on the readable. Sometimes, on the contrary, when a new book is in his hands, without considering the value of its content, but just from its appearance, he feels its beauty and loveliness, and such a book often arouses the interest of the book lover to collect and play with it. [4]

The enhancement of aesthetic value provides a broad space for the artistic expression of books,? Highly technical? gradually evolved into a kind of ? high artistic sense? Design? Science and technology as a means of creation? This does not harm the artistic characteristics of design, but rather makes modern design with high technological content of modern art characteristics, such as the beauty of new materials, precision technology, the beauty of the limit of the volume, the beauty of the novelty of the shape, the beauty of the sci-fi sense of interest, etc.? [5]. Designers integrate artistic factors into the field of book design, thus creating more and more artistic flavor and spiritual connotation of ? artwork? Dewey (J. Dewey) pointed out: ? In order for a work to be a true work of art, the work should also be aesthetic, that is to say, it should be created in such a way as to make people feel pleasure in appreciating it.? [6] The extremely high aesthetic value of modern books also inspires and arouses readers to think and imagine more, and readers are more involved in the book? The readers are more involved in the secondary creation of books. in order to realize the continuous improvement of the aesthetic value of book design.

3 High standards of book design and high access

Book design? high technology? is not simply to put on a high-tech coat for the book, but in the book's editorial design, layout design, binding design and information visualization design and other aspects of the overall improvement [7]. Realizing the high-tech goal of book design requires designers to carry out meticulous planning and editing, skillful graphic arrangement, reasonable binding technology and effective information communication, etc. In a way, ? high technology? means? high standards.

To realize the book design? High standard? involves many factors, the designer's desire to innovate is to realize this? high standard? The information age advocates innovation, encourages risk-taking, and tolerates failure, and this open social trend provides a broad space for the innovation of book design. Tempting, experimental, and forward-looking book design explorations continue to emerge, and become the driving force for the deepening development of book design. At the same time, the awakening of designers' ontological consciousness and the confirmation of their self-worth provide a strong impetus for the deepening of such innovative activities. In the process of creation, designers do not want to be interfered and influenced by too many external factors, and do not want book design to be completely reduced to the content of the book as an appendage and label. Designers put forward higher standards and requirements for themselves, many designers painstakingly, books as an independent aesthetic object, through independent design to realize their own aesthetic ideals, by showing the charm of the design itself to create a? A meaningful form? , as Wu Guanzhong repeatedly emphasized in the creation of art, to learn to show their feelings, by any means necessary, choose all means to express visual beauty and unique feelings [8].　In the case of the general lack of aesthetic standards in book design, technical features are very likely to evolve into an evaluation standard of design quality.? High technology? embodies a realization process of ? high access? ,? High separation? and? high threshold? The realization of this? high degree of difficulty? represents, to a certain extent, the design's? high quality? which can enhance the added value of the work. Therefore, to increase the degree of difficulty in the realization of book design reflects the value of the designer's work from one angle. This is also the current? High-tech style of book design is popular and gradually become a new design trend and fashion, and become an important reason for the direction and choice of design. Of course, the design of High-tech? The excessive love of high technology is easy to evolve into a kind of blind worship of technology, reduced to the only technology theory or technology supremacy, or show off the development of technology, evolving into the so-called "show-off school". Show-off faction. This is the development of book design, is to another extreme.

4 High demand for book design and high quality

As the end-consumer readers, hope to read to obtain knowledge and information, and through the viewing of a unique aesthetic pleasure and visual enjoyment, to achieve spiritual sublimation and psychological satisfaction. In the consumer society, books are products of cultural consumption, and book design exists as a symbol and sign of consumption, with the functions of symbol and metaphor. In the process of book consumption, readers are divided into different classes and groups, and through book consumption, show their identity and status, reflecting the existence of individuals.

With the development of society, the readers' aesthetic standards are constantly rising and improving, and the visual? threshold? constantly being refreshed, readers call for more, newer and more beautiful book design works to appear, so as to meet the growing personalized, diverse and differentiated aesthetic needs. Readers put forward higher aesthetic standards for their common book design forms, and show stronger inclusiveness for their unfamiliar visual forms. Different from the simple, natural, subtle and introverted visual style of books in the past, the current absurd, weird, bizarre and alternative book design styles are emerging, showing a diversified style trend. Modern book design styles are undergoing great changes, behind this change is actually the psychological instinct of human beings to seek for newness, differences and changes, which also fits the formalist aesthetics about? Strangeness theory of formalist aesthetics. Strangeness? was first proposed by Russian Viktor Shklovsky, who believed that art can be achieved by making things unfamiliar. He believed that art, by making things unfamiliar, makes it more difficult for the reader to feel them. so as to increase the difficulty and prolong the time for readers to feel, and let people have a brand new experience of the ordinary world which they usually turn a blind eye to. If art wants to avoid aging and degradation, it has to keep pursuing strangeness. Strangeness If art is to avoid aging and degradation, it must constantly pursue strangeness to satisfy the readers' aesthetic needs. From this, we can easily explain the existence and development of various alternative style books today.

In 1978, Joan Kron (Joan Kron) published a book on the subject of alternative styles.

In 1978, Joan Kron and Susan Slesin published a book entitled Alternative Styles. In 1978, Joan Kron and Susan Slesin, in their book High Tech. High Technology. The concept of high technology is systematically explained in their book, High Tech: "The term is used in the context of design to refer to two things. The term refers to two different levels of content in design? The first is the technical style, emphasizing the The first is technical style, emphasizing the characteristics of industrial technology (technology); the second is high style. [9] in the era of digital media, digital publications have made great progress, but did not eliminate the development of paper books, digital publishing and traditional printing and publishing *** with the development, parallel, paper books still show a strong vitality, in the fast-food consumption of reading the screen era, relative to digital publications, paper books itself means ? high grade?

In today's fast-paced world, the way readers read paper books has also changed, no longer only linear reading, but more non-linear and multi-threaded reading. That is to say, readers' reading state is discrete and chaotic, reading rhythm is jumping and disorderly, reading state of mind is spontaneous and random, the order of reading has been disrupted, the reading state has become indeterminate, the reading process has become uncontrollable, and the way of reading has become more diverse. This change puts forward higher requirements for book design, and designers need to design the whole and part of the book appropriately to stimulate readers' interest in reading and satisfy their psychological expectations through design. For example, the designer Francesca Pletto (Francesca Pletto) has designed a book that is not only a book, but also a book that is not a book. Francesca Prieto (Francesca Prieto) for the poet Nicanor? For example, Francesca Prieto's hardcover book (Figure 6) for poet Nicanor Parra's poetry collection seems to be fragmented, but if they are torn down, folded, collaged and assembled, the complete content of the poems can be seen, and this kind of imaginative book design not only reflects the inherent spirit of the poems, but also inspires the readers' enthusiasm for reading. Mr. Feng Zikai once said that those who are good at bookbinding can also translate the spirit of the book's content into shapes and colors, so that the readers will have a sense of beauty and increase their interest [10]. Readers touch, caress, fondle, play, flip and examine the books, and with the help of visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory and tactile five senses for more in-depth communication, to realize the communication with the author across time and space, so as to obtain a unique aesthetic pleasure and psychological satisfaction.

5 book design of high emotion and high compensation

American futurist John ? Nesbitt pointed out: ? There is a need for compensatory high emotion everywhere. The more high technology there is in our society, the more we want to create high-emotion environments, balancing the hard side with the soft side of technology."? [11]? High technology? is not the end of design, but a means to design when? high technology? develops to a certain extent, there is a greater need for? High emotion and a high degree of emotional involvement. High psychological compensation. High technology should be combined with High emotion to make the work present a special scene of high technology and deep emotion. Designers through high emotional design to soften and soften the one-sidedness of high technology, to achieve the human nature of the soothing and spiritual care, so that readers can get more psychological satisfaction and emotional care, so as to produce a sense of affection and warmth, with the help of the power of the design to achieve balance and adjustment. From this, it can be seen that? High-tech? is transformed into? high emotion? and? Transforming nature? to? Adaptation to Nature? , is the theme of future design, focusing on the essential needs of people is the ultimate subject of design.

Modern book design is keen to use metal, plastic, glass and other materials of the industrial era to redesign books, emphasizing industrialized materials, and strongly advocating mechanical aesthetics and the beauty of new technologies.? High Technology? articulates the significant changes in aesthetics brought about by industrialization and highlights the modern, cold, technological feel that production techniques bring. This seemingly cold mechanical aesthetics is today given a more human touch and put on an emotional aura; it exists as a fragment built on the rational reasoning of designers, full of flirtation, banter and playfulness. The cold, icy and hard visual form of mechanical aesthetics applied in warm books becomes more common, and gradually becomes a special visual aesthetic form and a choice of book design style. The unique book atmosphere of books and the seemingly indifferent mechanical aesthetics form a very interesting conflict and contrast, creating a unique visual tension and constituting the unique dramatic effect of modern books. Wu Yong designed the "China Seal? Dancing Beijing" (Fig. 7) combines well with the representative architectural elements of the Beijing Olympics, and at the same time adopts extremely special binding techniques and materials, perfectly reflecting the characteristics of the Beijing Olympics, including the humanistic Olympics, the green Olympics, and the humanistic Olympics. The core concepts of "Humanistic Olympics, Green Olympics and Technological Olympics" have been perfectly embodied in the booklet. The core concept of "Humanistic Olympics, Green Olympics and Technological Olympics" is perfectly embodied in the book, which has a strong visual impact and attraction. This kind of ingenuity in modern book design is actually a kind of? High emotion of input and? High psychological? compensation. Through the humanistic thought to re-examine the modern book design in the use of high technology will find that the future need to pay more attention to the new technology under the influence of book design ontology language expansion, so that it is more in line with the needs of humanistic design and emotional design.　6 Conclusion

Technology is a decisive factor in the development of book design. is a decisive factor in the development of book design, plays an important role in the process of book development. Modern book design due to contemporaneous? high technology? architecture, showing industrialized qualities, reflecting the unique mechanical aesthetic characteristics. But in the process of development,? high technology? concept has changed and evolved into a special vocabulary with multiple semantic meanings and rich connotations, representing high art, high standard, high grade and high emotion. Therefore, book design presents diversified style tendency, at the same time, in the process of development, book design beyond the utilitarian color, with independent aesthetic value and meaning.

Today, many of the absurd, weird, bizarre and alternative book design styles are the behavior of individual designers. In fact, book design as in movie art also exists? typology? s categorization problem. Experimental, conceptual and experimental book design should be given greater tolerance and more freedom to encourage its growth, because today's? Forward-looking design is most likely to be tomorrow's? Practicality design. Innovation is the source of sustainable development of the design industry. is the driving force for the sustainable development of the design industry. In addition, we need to objectively scrutinize the emerging new technologies, boldly introduce new technologies, and reasonably integrate these technologies into book design to continuously expand the development space of book design. At the same time, we must make it clear that the emotional and spiritual needs are always the final destination of book design, and the use of high-tech forms and techniques originates from the fulfillment of people's spiritual and emotional needs, so we should think more about the value and purpose of design in the process of design, and truly realize the human-centeredness of book design. people-oriented?

Notes

[1]Lv Jingren. The Art of Calligraphy and the Way of the World [M]. Beijing: China Youth Publishing House, 2006:5

[2]Xu Hengol. Design Aesthetics [M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2006: 27

[3][5] Yin Dingbang. Introduction to Design [M]. Changsha: Hunan Science and Technology Press, 2003: 43, 43

[4][10] Sun Yan, Tong Cuiping. The Fluttering of Book Clothes [M]. Beijing: Sanlian Bookstore, 2006: 51, 423

[6] Lederer. Selected Essays on Modern Aesthetics [M]. Beijing: Culture and Art Publishing House, 1988: 140

[7]Lv Jingren. Fundamentals of book design [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2012: 12

[8]Wu Guanzhong. Pen and ink equals zero [M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu Literature and Art Publishing House, 2010: 196

[9]Wang Shouzhi. History of World Modern Architecture [M]. Beijing: China Architecture Industry Press, 1999: 377

[11][American] John? Nesbitt. Megatrends: Ten New Directions to Change Our Lives [M]. Beijing: China Social Science Press, 1984:1

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