The development prospects of Chinese gardens?

Chinese gardens had left a brilliant feat in the history of world garden art, the development of western gardens played a huge role in promoting. If the 17th century in Europe to form a Chinese fever or the pursuit of exotic Rococo style influence, then, in the 18th century, the emergence of British landscape garden, whether in the design thinking, or in the design approach, can be seen in Chinese gardens of great influence. Some of the typical design techniques of Chinese gardens, such as the use of circular tour line layout, scattered attractions layout and point of view of the mobile conversion, etc., has been fully integrated into the western garden design techniques, so that people often ignore its source.

After the middle of the 19th century, due to the invasion of imperialist powers and the disintegration of the old Chinese social system, Chinese gardens rely on the survival of the social factors and economic base has undergone a fundamental change. Foreign culture, especially the colonial culture of Chinese gardens is increasingly visible. At this time, the development of western gardens was very rapid, in terms of content and type gradually towards maturity and perfection. It can be said that the development of modern Chinese gardens, completely under the influence of Western gardens, also tend to walk to today's difficult steps.

Nearly a century and a half, the development of Chinese gardens has made great progress, but has not been able to form a modern garden culture with China's regional cultural characteristics. In addition to socio-economic factors, another important reason is that we one-sidedly copy the content and methods of Western gardens, while ignoring China's indigenous natural landscape resources and regional cultural characteristics, the creation of Chinese gardens become a source of water.

It can be seen that, in order to make progress in China's modern landscape garden, it is necessary to refine the local characteristics of Chinese garden culture through in-depth study of traditional gardens, abandon the historical limitations of traditional gardens, grasp the significance of the traditional concepts, and integrate into the environmental needs of modern life. This is the real development direction of modern landscape gardening in China.

Grabs the essence of traditional gardens

The essential features of traditional Chinese gardens are reflected in the following aspects, which is the nutrition that must be drawn from to create modern gardens with Chinese characteristics.

1. The landscape type of modeling mountains and water

The native landscape type composed of topography, hydrogeology, native plants and other natural resources is the spatial main body and constituent elements of traditional Chinese gardens. The fine craftsmanship of native materials and the expression of landscape mood are one of the main features of traditional Chinese gardens. Chinese gardens emphasize the "although made by people, like from heaven", is to be from nature but higher than nature, emphasizing people's understanding of nature and feelings.

2. Ideal environment suitable for human habitation

The pursuit of an ideal living environment, to create a healthy and comfortable, fresh and pleasant microclimate conditions, is the basis of the material life of the garden. Due to the relatively harsh living environment, traditional Chinese cities and gardens pay great attention to the improvement of microclimate conditions, creating a more comfortable and pleasant living environment, such as the layout of landscape, planting, pavilion construction, etc., all based on light and shadow, airflow, temperature, humidity and other human comfort factors, the formation of an ideal environment suitable for living and living.

3. Skillfully borrowed from the visual boundary

Not confined to the scope of the garden, through the borrowed landscape to expand the visual boundary of the space, so that the landscape and the urban landscape, natural landscape connection, echo, create a holistic garden landscape, whether it is dynamic or static view, you can see the beautiful scenery. Many modern garden designers have taken the visual space as the scope of design, the horizon as a spatial reference, which is the same way with the traditional garden pursuit of infinite extension of the spatial visual effect.

4. Progressive spatial organization

The combination of static and dynamic, the contrast between reality and reality, bearing the top and bottom, step by step, fascinating and progressive spatial organization and spatial zigzagging changes, the principle of spatial layout in the garden, the garden as a whole, often separated into a number of different shapes, scales and different personalities of the space, and the formation of the space of all the elements are blended together, the juxtaposition, each other and the mask. The elements that form the space are mixed together, interlacing and reflecting each other, dividing nature, landscape, humanities, landscape and so on into a number of segments, respectively, so that people can see the localization of the space, which seems to have no end. Transition, gradation, hierarchy, metaphor and other Western modern garden expression techniques are also perfectly used in traditional Chinese gardens.

5. Small see big space effect

Ancient gardening artists seize the typical characteristics of nature in a variety of beauty, refinement and tailoring, the peaks and valleys of a one-time again in a small courtyard. In the two-dimensional garden site to highlight the three-dimensional spatial effect, "to a limited area, create unlimited space. The division of the whole garden into scenic spots, the setting of water, the winding of the tour route and the decoration of the corridor are all forms of spatial expression of "seeing the big in the small". "Big" and "small" are relative, the landscape partition of the modern larger garden space and the concentration of the landscape in the smaller garden space are "small in the big" spatial expression and Gardening techniques. The key is "fake natural scenery, create landscape real interest, get the garden mood."

6. Intriguing garden culture

People often use landscape poetry, landscape paintings sent landscape, expressing the pursuit of transcendence, and natural coordination **** birth of ideas and mood, traditional gardens are often through couplets plaques, stone carving, calligraphy, literature, philosophy, music, and other forms of expression of the mood of the landscape, which makes the elements of the composition of the garden is rich in the ideological connotations and the thickness of the landscape. In modern landscape design and western gardens, some gardening elements, such as stone carvings, calligraphy, literary allusions, sound and so on, are also everywhere. These elements in the subtleties of the garden to obtain life and cultural flavor, is a lineage of China's garden culture and carry forward.

Creating the splendor of modern gardens

A good garden work, not out of thin air, but from the "native" in the "growth" out. Just as "a side of the soil and water to raise a side of the people" reason, "a side of the soil and water out of a side of the garden landscape". The study of traditional Chinese gardens is a shortcut to understand the local culture. The development of modern landscape gardening in China must rely on the hard work of local landscape gardeners. Chinese landscape architects must pay attention to the localization research of landscape gardening and actively explore landscape gardening works rich in regional landscape and cultural characteristics. Landscape gardener's role is like a gardener, to fully understand this hot soil under their feet, to carefully select and nurture the seeds suitable for this "soil", and to be plowed, carefully cared for, so that it grows healthily.

1. Broaden the mind, expanding the design field of Chinese gardens

One of the main limitations of the traditional Chinese gardens, in the habit of closed doors, and the outside world is weak, is in a closed social environment formed in the cultural characteristics of the gardens. In the face of the impact of Western thinking, modern garden designers to open up their minds, digging the classical garden of the significance of the reality of the traditional Chinese garden gardening techniques, spatial layout of the form of gardening elements, as well as culture, etc. applied to a wider range of areas, so that the Chinese gardens and culture blossomed all over the motherland, to be continued and carry forward the development of the great.

2. Integration, explore the scientific and rigorous design methods

Gardening can follow the ancient methods, but also can draw on Western forms of expression, neither is exclusive. The combination of ancient and modern, ancient for modern, foreign for Chinese, is an inevitable trend. To explore the history of gardening, gardening techniques and their aesthetic ideas, historical and cultural conditions in ancient and modern China and abroad, to inherit the tradition, to absorb the essence, to take the strengths of the West, to make up for the shortcomings of the Chinese gardens, to melt the connotations of the Chinese cultural thinking and the modern concepts of the West to create modern gardens with Chinese characteristics, and to follow the veins of the national culture and to design with a rigorous attitude. Pure imitation and copying is often immature, half-knowledge of the Western and classical gardens and copy and put together is not desirable. Only the correct attitude, integration, can be used freely, to create a more wonderful, higher level of new gardens, and then create a brilliant era of Chinese gardens.