What are the four major types of drama?

Generally speaking, Beijing Opera, Yue Opera, Pingju Opera and Henan Opera are the four major operas in China.

Beijing-Peking Opera

Peking Opera, once called Pingju, is one of the five major dramas in China, with Xipi and Huanger as the main accents, accompanied by huqin and gongs and drums. It is regarded as the quintessence of China and the "top spot" of China's traditional operas.

Anhui Opera is the predecessor of Beijing Opera. Since the 55th year of Qing Qianlong (1790), Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai, and Chunchun, which were first performed in the south, have been performed. Four Huizhou classes went to Beijing one after another. They cooperated with artists in Hubei, accepted some plays, tunes and performance methods of Kunqu Opera and Shaanxi Opera, and absorbed some local folk tunes. Through constant communication and integration, Peking Opera was finally formed. After the formation of Peking Opera, it began to develop rapidly in the Qing court until the Republic of China.

Peking Opera has spread all over the world and become an important medium to introduce and spread China's traditional art and culture. It is distributed all over China with Beijing as the center. 20 10, 165438+ 10 month, 16, Peking Opera was listed in the "Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity".

2. Zhejiang Yue Opera

China's second largest opera? , known as the second national opera, also known as "the most widely circulated local opera", some people think it is the "biggest local opera", and it is called "China Opera" abroad. It is also one of the five major operas in China (followed by Peking Opera, Yue Opera, Huangmei Opera, Pingju Opera and Henan Opera). Originated in Shengzhou, Zhejiang, originated in Shanghai, flourished in the whole country and spread to the world. During its development, it absorbed the achievements of Kunqu opera, traditional Chinese opera and Shao opera, and experienced the historical evolution from men's Yue opera to women's Yue opera.

Yue Opera is good at expressing emotion, focusing on singing, with beautiful voice, real and moving performance, beautiful and elegant, and full of Jiangnan spirit; Most of them are dramas with the theme of "gifted scholars and beautiful women", and there are many artistic schools, among which thirteen are recognized. Mainly popular in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui and other southern regions, as well as most northern regions such as Beijing and Tianjin. In its heyday, except for Tibet, Guangdong, Guangxi and a few other provinces and regions, there were professional theatrical troupes all over the country.

Yue Opera is the first national intangible cultural heritage list.

3. Hebei Pingju

Pingju is one of the most popular operas in northern China and one of the five major operas in China. Some people think it is the second largest drama in China. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was formed on the basis of the ditty "Opposite Lotus Falls" in Luanxian County, Hebei Province. It was first popular in rural areas of Hebei province, and then entered Tangshan, and was called "Tangshan Xiazi". It was popular in Northeast China around the 1920s, and a number of actresses appeared. After 1930s, under the influence of Peking Opera and Hebei Bangzi, the performance of Pingju became more and more mature, and schools such as "Bai", "Bai", "Picking Lotus" and "Ai Lianjun" appeared. After 1950, the plays such as Little Son-in-law, Liu Qiaoer, Flowers as Media, Complaining to Third Sister Yang, Qin Xianglian and so on have great influence in the whole country, with new, famous, famous actors appearing. Pingju is still popular in North China and Northeast China.

Pingju is divided into East Road and West Road, with East Road as the main one.

On May 20th, 2006, Pingju was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

4. Henan Henan Opera

Henan Opera is developed on the basis of Henan Bangzi through continuous inheritance, reform and innovation. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Henan was called Henan Opera for short. Henan Opera is called Bangzi Opera in northern Anhui, but it is still called Bangzi Opera in parts of Shandong and Jiangsu. ? The popular areas of Henan Opera are mainly in the Yellow River and Huaihe River basins. Besides Henan Province, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong, Hebei, Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Taiwan Province and other provinces and cities have professional Henan Opera Troupes, which are the largest local operas in China.

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