What were the inventions in ancient China?

Legend has it that in 3500 BC, people in China had artificial drums. In 3000 BC, drums were made by covering frames or containers with animal skins. By 1000 BC, Sumerians in Mesopotamia had made a circular drum with pictures on it. Later, there were small bronze drums and big bronze drums. /kloc-the bronze drums used by cavalry in the 0/5th century were adopted by orchestras in the 0/7th century. 1692, purcell used it in the music for The Fairy Queen. This kind of drum is now called timpani, and bass drums have been around since19th century. Drums can make the beat clear, rough and powerful. China invented the timpani in the 2nd century BC.

2. Binary system:

It is said that Fuxi invented the binary system in 3000 BC. Zhouyi is one of the Five Classics and one of the oldest classics in China. According to legend, The Book of Changes was written by Fuxi, Zhou Wenwang and Duke Zhou about 3000 BC, and was revised by Kong Qiu into The Book of Changes. Modern electronic computers use binary instead of decimal. Who invented the binary system? "Yi Shu" in Zhouyi uses binary system. In other words, Fuxi invented binary system, and Fuxi is Shennong. Legend has it that Shennong tasted a hundred herbs and got five grains, and China had primitive agriculture. Fuxi has made great progress to our society! The Xiannong Altar in Beijing, China was built in memory of Shennong (Fuxi), and China people expressed their admiration for him here.

3. Rope:

In 2800 BC, China people had mastered the technology of making hemp rope. Our people began to make ropes out of hemp fibers. By the beginning of AD, hemp fiber had become the main rope-making material in most parts of the world. 1775, the British inventor Matthew invented the rope making machine, ending the era of hand-made rope. Starting from 1950, artificial fibers are used to make ropes. Manila rope with a diameter of about 2 mm will break under the tension of 55 12 kg, while nylon rope with the same thickness can withstand the tension of 13227 kg.

4, equatorial astronomical instruments:

In 2400 BC, China invented the equatorial astronomical instrument.

5, bronze mirror:

About BC 12, China people invented the bronze mirror. China also invented the magic mirror in the 5th century. British crystallographer William? By 1932, Breg systematically expounded the theory of magic mirror, which was about 1500 years later than China. The magic mirror is one of the strangest things in the world. What's so amazing about the magic mirror? On the reverse side of the magic mirror, there is a bronze pattern-an image or text, or both. The side reflecting light is convex, made of polished bronze and used as a mirror. Under most lighting conditions, this kind of mirror looks the same as other ordinary mirrors. However, when the mirror is used in bright sunlight, its reflecting surface can be "seen through". By reflecting sunlight on a dark wall with a mirror, people can see the patterns or words on the mirror from the images projected on the wall. Solid bronze products become transparent, which makes people feel mysterious. This phenomenon made China people give the magic mirror a name called transparent mirror. Bronze is opaque, but it actually makes people feel transparent. Why? This mystery has been discussed by Chinese and foreign scholars for hundreds of years. China scientist Shenhuo and foreign scientist William? Sir Breg expressed his views. William? When Sir Breg discovered this mystery in 1932, he said, "It is the amplification of reflection that makes the pattern appear clearly." Needham correctly called all this "the first step in mastering the way of expressing fine structures in metals."

6. Umbrella:

In BC 1 100, people in China already used umbrellas to identify themselves. The ribs are made of bamboo or sandalwood, and covered with an umbrella cover made of leaves or feathers. The word "umbrella" only appeared in English in the12nd century. In the past, there were only parasols, but in the1733rd century, Parisians used tarpaulins as umbrellas. 1750, Han Wei, an Englishman, brought an umbrella back to London after traveling abroad, causing a sensation. 1874, Hawkes, a metal wiredrawing worker in Dika area near Xueer, obtained the patent right of arc steel umbrella rib. With this umbrella rib, the umbrella can be tightened, and it has since become a common rain gear for British gentlemen. 1930, Haupt, a Berliner, invented the telescopic umbrella. Academics also said that umbrellas were invented by China in the 4th century during the Three Kingdoms period.

7. Kite:

In BC 1000, people in China first flew kites. It is said that people in China could fly kites long before they believed in history. According to legend, in the 4th century BC, Lu Ban, a famous craftsman in China, made a kite and took off for three days without falling. There is also a story in which a general surrounded the palace and used a kite to measure the distance between the palace wall and his own army. Kites can be used to send bricks to and from home, or to tie hooks to the tail of kites for fishing. In 1600, oriental kites (diamonds) were introduced to Europe by the Dutch. /kloc-In the 9th century, the British inventor Clay was inspired by kites and invented the glider. Texas actor Cody "Captain" once used a kite to drag a folding boat across the English Channel. 190 1 year, I made persistent efforts to fly kites with double boxes, which aroused great interest from the British War Department. Soon, the plane replaced the military kite, and Cody, the "captain", died in an air crash while flying his new biplane on 19 13. 1970, the American space program designed various "flying wings" to make kites become toys for adults again. For example, the Rogge Lele folding flying wing was originally designed for the safe landing in the Mercury spacecraft cabin, and was later replaced by a parachute; But this folding wing was originally the wing of today's hang glider. Flying a kite provides the principle and inspiration for the plane to fly into the sky.

8, abacus:

In 550 BC, China people invented the abacus for calculation. Since ancient times, it has also been a widely used computing tool in business. Later, it spread all over the world and was gradually replaced by modern Arabic numerals in the12nd century. In the 20th century, many people in the former Soviet Union and the Far East still used abacus, and plastic abacus replaced wooden abacus and bamboo abacus. At present, electronic calculators and computers tend to replace abacus in the world, but it will take at least ten years for abacus to be completely replaced by electronic computers in the world because of its low price.

9, chemical weapons:

The history of China's chemical warfare with poisonous gas can be traced back to at least the early 4th century BC. In the early works of Mohism, it was recorded that the gas burned by mustard seed in the furnace was released by bellows and penetrated into the besieged enemy tunnels. This was 2,300 years before China used trench mustard gas in World War I. The Germans had the following chemical weapons: "dung bomb", which was the embryonic form of gas bomb. The "flying sand bomb" is to put a tube of gunpowder in a clay pot. The composition of gunpowder is extracted from quicklime, rosin and ethanol of poisonous plants. Put this weapon down from the wall, it will explode immediately and deadly poison will be scattered all over the floor. "Tear gas" was used in China in the 2nd century. The smoke it produced soon made people burst into tears. Poisons such as sea oil, Sichuan lacquer and starfish will make the enemy hoarse. Some poisons in our country can corrode the enemy's muscles to expose the bones. Firespears contain arsenic and general poison. 1540, in the book "Pyrotechnics" written by Bellingguccio, it is said that after the fire spear burns, it emits "fiery flames, which are creepy two or three steps away". In Europe, arsenic was not a popular thing before 1580, but it was replaced by mercury smog balls in17th century, which was one of the gifts that China gave to the world at that time.

10, suspension bridge:

Li Bing, a native of China, built the An Lan Bridge in guanxian, Sichuan in the 3rd century BC. This is the earliest bamboo cable chain bridge built in the world. It has a total length of 320 meters and eight holes, and the whole structure has no metal materials. The suspension bridge is paved with stone slabs, which is convenient for people to walk. This cable bridge made of bamboo is very effective. The whole cable takes bamboo as the inner core and is wrapped with bamboo strips (strips) cut from the outer layer of bamboo. Braiding is because the tighter the braided layer is wound around the inner core, the greater the strength of the cable, thus increasing the safety factor. In addition, China people invented the iron suspension bridge in 1 century. This bridge can be used for traffic. 1655 Martin, a westerner visiting China? Martini once described a cable-stayed bridge on a river in Guizhou, and compiled it into the famous masterpiece China New Atlas at that time. The first suspension bridge in the west, namely winch bridge. It was built in A.D. 174 1 year, across the Tooth River in England. It only has cables, but there is no bridge deck for vehicles to pass through. Because Europeans built the first suspension bridge for passing vehicles in 1809, China people were ahead of the west in this respect1809.