Government informatization can bring what kind of benefits to government management?

Opportunities, Challenges and Countermeasures of Government Internet Access for Government Management.

1999 for China's "government online year", the state information department officially launched the government online project, and plans to 2000 to achieve 80% of the state ministries and all levels of government online. So far China has more than 100 government departments at all levels in the Internet to establish a Web site, more than 800 government departments to apply for a domain name, of which more than 200 have been put into operation. It can be seen that the government Internet project has been widely recognized and positively responded to. However, we must also be soberly aware that the government online not only touches the technology, but also touches a brand new way of management and even the way of life marked by information, it is to build the "e-government", in the management of the government to bring unprecedented opportunities at the same time, but also correspondingly bring a lot of difficulties and problems to the current government's It poses a serious challenge to the existing government management system, management functions and management decision-making methods. Therefore, how to seize the opportunity, meet the challenge, develop Internet access strategy suitable for China's national conditions, change the challenge into the driving force of government reform, and promote the depth of China's administrative system reform, it has become an important topic to be solved by the administrative management academic community.

One, the government online to the government management opportunities

The government online is to build "e-government". The main connotation of "e-government" is the use of information technology and communications technology to build a computer network environment based on the electronic virtual organs, in order to improve the government organization, reorganization of public **** management, and ultimately realize the office automation and information resources **** enjoy. The extension of "e-government" covers almost all the functions of government management except for the special cases stipulated by law. Government online to government management opportunities are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

(a) conducive to the development of socialist democracy, and promote administration in accordance with the law

With the development of the economy and social progress, the citizens in the cultural quality continues to improve at the same time, the democratic consciousness is also gradually increased, they have the will and ability to participate in state management and social activities, manifested by passive participation They have the willingness and ability to participate in state management and social activities, which is manifested in the change from passive participation to active participation, from minority participation to majority participation, and from partial participation to full participation. The government's access to the Internet precisely meets this demand for democratic political development and opens up an effective way for citizens to exercise their democratic rights and participate in politics. The public can use the Internet as a channel to express their opinions, talk with government leaders, and even participate in policy formulation, and the government can also use it to directly adopt the rationalization proposals of the masses and protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens. Transparent management and open government affairs that come with the Internet play an irreplaceable and unique role in expanding the scope and extent of the public's knowledge of government management, and in implementing effective supervision of government management, which can regulate government behavior and ensure that the government administers in accordance with the law. Internet access will help the government civil servants to correct their work style, correct their position as public servants, but also help the government to correct management errors in a timely manner, to assume responsibility for dereliction of duty.

(2) is conducive to strengthening the government's management and service functions, eliminate bureaucracy

Government Internet is the government functions online, but not all functions can be online, in addition to the special circumstances provided by law, but also consider the government's ability to figure out what the government can do online. This undoubtedly for the government to recognize their own functions and capabilities to provide a "mirror", can make the government resolve to establish a limited government, that is, the establishment of a power, functions, size and behavior are clearly limited by the Constitution and laws, and openly accept social supervision and constraints of the government. It can be seen that the Government's access to the Internet plays the role of a reference and a catalyst for the transformation of its functions. Of course, the electronicization of online functions and the sequential implementation of computer programs will further limit the expansion of functions and constrain their standardized exercise. As the functions of government departments in China are now changing from management to management services, the government can use the opportunity of the Internet to improve its own management and service functions, improve the organization, mode and behavior of administrative management, so that the government affairs from the mysterious, closed to transparency, openness, so that the management of indirectly to direct, so that civil servants from the "high above" bureaucrats to quality service servants. Changed into a quality service to the public servants. Of course, the most important management service function of online government is to provide equal and fair information resources for the society. At the present stage of China's situation, the largest owner of information resources is the government. After the government goes online, it will overcome all kinds of logistics, information flow barriers and organizational barriers, put an end to the departmental division and bureaucracy caused by the emphasis on division of labor in the traditional management organization form and material composition, overcome the phenomenon of asymmetry of information, make the distribution and flow of information gradually become reasonable, and make the information resources to be reasonably and efficiently utilized, so as to optimize the social allocation of resources, and to improve the quality and effectiveness of the operation of the national economy. As a result, the government has publicized its policies through the network, expanded its service functions, improved its efficiency, curbed and then eliminated bureaucracy, thus enabling the government to better fulfill its mission of investing in basic social services and infrastructure, and better serve the community.

(3) is conducive to the construction of high-quality national civil service, selection and appointment of outstanding talent

"E-government" management functions, management and management behavior is very different from the previous government, the comprehensive quality of the national civil service, in particular, the current lack of management and science and technology, which are in great demand. The demand for the comprehensive quality of national civil servants, especially the management and science and technology qualities that are now lacking but badly needed, will continue to increase. Therefore, in the face of new opportunities and challenges, civil servants must pay attention to their own continuing education and comprehensive ability to cultivate, motivate themselves to grow their theoretical knowledge and practical skills as soon as possible, to adapt to the new administrative environment on the Internet as soon as possible, and to be competent for the work of the "e-government". In this way, the government online for national civil servants to provide a broad space for development and the opportunity to fully realize their talents.

The problems and challenges facing the government on the Internet

(1) Excessive freedom of information transmission on the Internet may lead to a crisis of democratic politics

In today's society, the communication media are playing a pivotal political role at any time, and profoundly influencing the activities of the government and its policy-making orientation. The "fourth media", the information network, as the main carrier of people's future access to information and the realization of various social functions, will play an unprecedented role in the future operation of democratic politics. As we know, the modern telecommunication industry has no boundaries and transcends time and space limitations. Citizens can fully enjoy their freedom of information on the Internet, which, due to the lack of effective control and regulation, may lead to "excessive freedom" and affect the stability of the country. At the same time, the public is also subject to a series of annoyances caused by information fraud, computer viruses, computer crimes, infringement of privacy rights, intellectual property disputes, etc., while technologists have always been contributing to technological innovations in freedom of information and information protection, and the pursuit of "freedom" seems to be never-ending. The tendency of "anarchism" is becoming more and more obvious. Moreover, as the flow of information can play a huge role in uniting and dividing nations, the Internet will have a significant impact on a nation's original internal order of communication and the order of receiving personal information, and will pose a serious challenge to a nation's political system, ideology and traditional culture. The uncontrollable flow of transnational information on the Internet is becoming a new tool for the infiltration of values and ideologies in Western societies and for the political subversion of hostile elements, and the government will face ubiquitous subversive acts of a cultural or political nature on the Internet

, which is related to national security. If we allow online "freedom" and "democracy" to proliferate, society will be in a state of disorder, which will not only cause the government to lose control of macroeconomic regulation and control, waste of information resources, and affect the efficiency of economic development, but also lead to government failure and social conflicts.

(2) administrative system and the development of productive forces do not match the contradiction will become increasingly apparent

Network as a new science and technology, is the first productive forces, its development, necessarily involves changes in the relations of production and the superstructure of the perfection of the problem, coupled with the government management relies on the main resources from the material to the information, the requirements of the management of the timely change, which will inevitably require the government management system, personnel, the government's management system, the information system, the information system and the information system. Requirements of the government's management system, personnel system, workflow, regulations and other corresponding changes are bound to be in the process of transformation of the formation of the system impact, which appeared in a variety of problems must start from the system to implement the reform of government institutions, in order to solve the problem from the ground up.

(C) "government image project" shaping the technical difficulties increase

The 21st century is the direct management, which is characterized by: "use technology to overcome the circuitous, the leadership of the direct face of the people" [1] (P242). Government Internet is to take direct management, it is the main positive effect on the "government image project" to shape. But technology is always a double-edged sword, it also has a negative impact: First, the direct management of the government's process and efficiency in the public's field of vision at the same time, the network will become a reflection of the quality of the government's a "mirror", if the civil servants can not do their duty, or beyond their own ability to access the Internet and to exercise their inability to assume or inability to assume the functions, it is very likely that the government will not be able to do their duties, or to exercise the Internet. If civil servants fail to perform their duties or go online beyond their capacity, and exercise the functions they cannot undertake or are unable to undertake, it is very likely that there will be a failure of management or even a failure of the government. Secondly, with the wide application of computer network technology, the Government and society have become more and more dependent on technology and networks. If the information system on which "e-government" relies is damaged or accidentally damaged due to natural or man-made factors, thus blocking the process of administration and management, the performance of the Government's role will undoubtedly be jeopardized. Thirdly, because of the information technology and network technology to help realize the virtual government and virtual management on the Internet, the virtual leadership will inevitably be repetitive, dull, mechanical and lack of creativity in the automatic handling of official business, if the current leadership can not make timely and effective handling of the sudden events encountered in the online government, but also prone to make the real leadership appears to be very mechanical and lack of resilience, and the public to produce a gap. Fourth, a high degree of computerization on the Internet staff of the increased demand for scientific and technological quality, the leader will be more decentralization or authorization, the strict hierarchical relationship between the upper and lower levels will be changed, centralized hierarchical management system will be transitioned to interactive, networked parallel management system. If most of the management is given to technical experts and the manager is not a technical insider, it will inevitably result in a situation where the manager is led by the nose by the technical experts, resulting in a situation that the manager is unable to deal with. These will affect the achievement of the government's work objectives and image, prestige shaping.

(D) the degree of access to and utilization of information will become "e-government" development of social productivity "bottleneck" problem

A country's level of informatization and information capacity is an important measure of a country's comprehensive strength of the indicators One of the most important indicators of a country's comprehensive strength is how to maximize the use of network information resources in order to develop the country's economy is an urgent task in front of the government, and the government has the need and responsibility to provide the public with authoritative and instructive information services. However, the government will face many problems when it goes online. First, the Internet is filled with countless junk information, if the government lacks the ability to manage the information, it will be drowned in the sea of information or just tired to cope with it, how can we talk about providing effective information services to the community. Secondly, although the relevant departments of the domestic provinces in the launch of the province's government information resources and the development and utilization of some work, but the amount of Chinese information on the Internet is still less than one-thousandth of the total amount of information, the government departments to grasp the valuable information is now most of them are still dead library, the urgent need to take effective strategies and means to make it back to the "live", the flow of the Internet. There is an urgent need to adopt effective strategies and means to make it come back to "life" and flow on the Internet to add value. Also, our country is far from forming a nationwide development and utilization of government information resources, but also the lack of effective information organization and management methods, the government information sector does not really play a role in the acquisition and use of information to be standardized, the information market is still to be standardized. For our enterprises and individuals are often unable to obtain statistical information through formal channels and other issues, both some government departments information **** enjoy the reasons for the lack of awareness, but also some of the government departments of the departmental power, power interests of the awareness of the factors too heavy, these are urgently in need of government departments in charge of organizing and guiding the Government needs to formulate the development and utilization of information resources and the development and utilization of flexible mechanisms and policies, in order to promote the rational and effective use and development of information resources The government needs to formulate flexible mechanisms and policies for the development and utilization of information resources in order to promote the rational and effective utilization and development of information resources.