The medicinal value of Atractylodes macrocephala

The Divine Husbandman's Classic of the Materia Medica: Atractylodes. Taste bitter and warm. Main wind-cold and damp paralysis dead muscle, spasm, jaundice, stop sweating, remove heat, digestion, for decoction bait. Taken for a long time to lighten the body and prolong life, not hunger. A mountain artichoke, born in the valley.

Changsha Pharmacopoeia: sweet, slightly bitter, into the foot Yangming stomach, foot Taiyin spleen meridian. It tonifies the middle and dries dampness, quenches thirst and generates fluids, benefits the spleen essence, nourishes the stomach qi, reduces turbid yin and improves diet, stops vomiting, rises clear yang and eliminates water and grain, and heals eructation and diarrhea. Sex and flavor

Bitter taste, sweet, warm nature. Attributes to the spleen and stomach meridians.

Functions

Strengthening the spleen and benefiting qi, drying dampness and inducing diuresis, stopping sweating, and tranquilizing the fetus. It is used for spleen deficiency with little food, abdominal distension and diarrhea, phlegm, palpitation, edema, spontaneous sweating, and restlessness of the fetus. Atractylodes macrocephala strengthens the spleen, harmonizes the stomach and calms the fetus. It is used in treating deficiency of the spleen with little food, loose diarrhea and stool, and restlessness of the fetus.

Concocting method

1, raw atractylodes macrocephala: clean impurities, soak in water, soaking time should be according to the season, climate change and the size of atractylodes macrocephala appropriately mastered, soaking, fishing, moistening, slicing, and sun-drying.

2, fried atractylodes macrocephala: the first will be sprinkled with bran in a hot pan, wait for the smoke to come out, the atractylodes macrocephala slices poured into the micro-frying until light yellow, remove, sieve off the bran and then cooled. (Each atractylodes macrocephala 100 pounds, with 10 pounds of bran) 3. Jiao atractylodes macrocephala: atractylodes macrocephala slices placed in the pot with the fire fried to charred yellow, sprayed with water, removed to dry.

4, soil fried atractylodes macrocephala: take the liver fine powder, placed in the pan frying hot, add atractylodes macrocephala tablets, fried to the outside of the hanging with the color of the soil when removed, sieve off the soil, let cool. (Each atractylodes macrocephala 100 pounds, with 20 pounds of powdered liver)

5, "Materia Medica Meng Chuan": atractylodes macrocephala after chewing, human breast milk, the system its nature, run over the Chen wall soil and fried.

6, "Materia Medica Prepara": Atractylodes macrocephala, soaked in glutinous rice slop, Chenpi soil fried, or fried in honey water, human milk mixed fried.

Use and Dosage

Internally: decoction, 3~15g; or boiled paste; or into pills, bulk.

Storage

Place in a cool and dry place, prevent moth.

Precautions

1, yin deficiency, dryness and thirst, stagnation of qi and distension should not be taken.

2, avoid peaches, plums, woad, bird meat, green fish.

3, "Drugs": where the stagnation of stagnant gas, bloating accumulation, roaring gas congestion, stomach pain by fire, carbuncle pus, black and thin popularity of the real for bloating, all should be avoided. 1, diuretic effect: has obvious and long-lasting diuretic effect on a variety of animals such as rats, rabbits, dogs have effect. For unanesthetized dogs intravenous injection of decoction 0.05-0.25g/kg, urine volume increases up to 9 times more than 5 hours after the drug is still higher than normal; gastric administration of 1-3g/kg, the urine volume can be increased by 2-6 times compared with that before the drug, and most of them are still more than normal after 6-7 hours of the drug, Atractylodis Macrocephala decoction and flow of immersed ointment 1.0g/kg to the intravenous injection of rats, rabbits 1.0g/kg gastric or intraperitoneal injection, all can produce obvious diuretic effect. Intraperitoneal injection, all can produce obvious and lasting diuretic effect. Atractylodes macrocephala not only increases the excretion of water, but also promotes the excretion of electrolytes, especially sodium, and the excretion of sodium is also superior to the excretion of water. It also does not affect the antidiuretic effect of the posterior pituitary hormone, so atractylodes macrocephala increases the excretion of water may not be mainly affect the active reabsorption of water, but continue to develop in the reduction of electrolyte reabsorption, both mercurial sally-like excretion of chlorine, sodium; but also increase urinary carbon dioxide capacity, pH, and increase the excretion of potassium, reduce the excretion of ammonium vinazosulfonamide-like characteristics. The diuretic effect on humans has a few tests, can not be finalized.

2, hypoglycemic effect: rabbits gavage decoction or extract, blood sugar slightly reduced. Rats gavage decoction has accelerated glucose assimilation in the body and thus reduce blood glucose. In mice, the internal administration of the decoction has the effect of protecting the liver and preventing the reduction of hepatic glycogen caused by carbon tetrachloride.

3, strong effect: Atractylodes macrocephala decoction gavage 1 mol or 6g/kg, can promote the weight gain and enhance the swimming endurance, Atractylodes macrocephala can enhance the phagocytosis of the reticuloendothelial system, the reticuloendothelial system of the mouse was activated, promote the phagocytosis of the mouse peritoneal macrophage function, the phagocytosis of macrophages, phagocytosis index and its lysosomal digestive average increased significantly compared with the control group. In leukopenia, Atractylodes macrocephala has a whitening effect. Atractylodes macrocephala can also increase the rate of lymphocyte transformation and natural rosette formation, promote cellular immune function, and IgG significantly increased. It indicates that Atractylodes macrocephala has the effect of strengthening the spleen and stomach, strengthening the body and improving the ability to resist diseases.

4, anticoagulant effect: Atractylodes macrocephala has obvious inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation, Atractylodes macrocephala decoction 0.5g/kg by gavage for 1~4 weeks, it can significantly prolong the time of prothrombin element in rats. Its action is weaker than that of Bicuculline, but stronger than that of Butadion. The action of the root is stronger than that of the stem. Healthy people take 5% root decoction, 1 tablespoon each time, 3 times a day, 4 days after the prothrombinogen time and clotting time were significantly prolonged, 10 days after stopping the drug the above indexes returned to the level before the administration of the drug, alcohol extract also has the effect, but the maintenance time is shorter.

5, the role of the cardiovascular system: Atractylodes macrocephala has a vasodilatory effect. Inhibitory effect on the heart, when the dose is too large, it can lead to arrest, anesthetized dogs injected intravenously decoction 0.1g/kg, blood pressure fell mildly 0.25g/kg when the blood pressure fell sharply, and did not see the recovery in 3~4 hours.

6, anti-tumor effect: in vitro test showed that the neutral oil in the volatile oil of Atractylodes macrocephala has obvious inhibitory effect on the esophageal cancer cells. 10mcg/ml, within 24 hours, can make the cancer cells fall off. 5mcg/ml, can make most of the cancer cells fall off, and the residual small pieces of cells or scattered cells show nuclear solidification, nuclear kernel is blurring and indistinct, and vesicles are more vacuolated. Atractylodes macrocephala volatile oil 50~100mg/kg intraperitoneal injection had significant inhibitory effect on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. When administered systemically, the efficacy on substantial solid carcinoma was inconsistently reported. In a screening of 358 botanicals, Chinese herbal medicines in single and compound formulas, the volatile oil of Atractylodes macrocephala had the strongest inhibitory effect on mouse sarcoma ~180 (inhibition rate of 31-49%), while others reported that it did not have a significant effect on S~180, S~37, U~14, and W~256, as well as on a leukemia model (L615). Recently, it was reported that Atractylodes macrocephala showed a significant increase in meso as activity against methA tumors compared to controls, and significantly enhanced delayed hypersensitivity in MethA tumors, as well as promoting phytohematocrit-P and lipopolysaccharide-induced juvenile wakelike reaction.

7, effect on gastrointestinal smooth muscle: It was reported in the past that Atractylodes macrocephala had no effect on gastrointestinal functions (such as gastric acid secretion of gastric juice, propulsive intestinal peristalsis, etc.), and had no anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, did not affect the normal body temperature, and did not have any significant inhibitory effect on the central nervous system, and the latter was thought to serve as a basis for differentiating it from Atractylodes macrocephala. Recently, it was reported that the effects of Atractylodes macrocephala on the spontaneous activity of isolated small intestine of rabbits were mostly different, Atractylodes macrocephala could enhance the spontaneous contraction activity of isolated small intestine of rabbits and increase the amplitude of the contraction, Atractylodes macrocephala oil inhibited the spontaneous movement of intestinal tubes, or Atractylodes macrocephala did not have a significant effect on the spontaneous movement of isolated small intestine of rabbits. Atractylodes macrocephala has obvious antagonistic effect on the tonic contraction of isolated small intestine of rabbits caused by acetylcholine and barium dichloride, and atractylodes macrocephala can antagonize this effect on the inhibition of small intestinal activity of isolated rabbits caused by the addition of epinephrine. However, there are also reports that there is no significant antagonistic effect. A decoction of Atractylodes macrocephala 10g/day (raw/kg) given to mice by gavage can significantly promote the synthesis of small intestinal proteins. Atractylodes macrocephala extract 50mg and 200mg/kg administered by gavage had a significant inhibitory effect on water-soaked bound stress ulcers in animals.

8, antimicrobial effect: water immersion in the test tube on the flocculent epidermolysis bullosa, astro nucella has inhibitory effect. Decoction also has inhibitory effect on meningococcus. Recently reported that the decoction of Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae and Sijunzi Tang have different degrees of bacteriostatic effects on S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A, S. Fukushima, E. Coli, and P. aeruginosa, without bactericidal effects.

9, promote hematopoietic function: Atractylodes macrocephala decoction 1g/kg, 0.2ml/only subcutaneous injection can promote the growth of hematopoietic progenitor cells of red lineage of the bone marrow of mice (CFU-E). For the decline of white blood cells induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy, it has the effect of raising them.

10, promote protein synthesis: Atractylodes macrocephala decoction 10g/kg gavage for 7 days, significantly promote protein synthesis in the small intestine of mice.

11, other effects: Atractylodes macrocephala has a transient excitatory effect on respiration, in addition, Atractylodes macrocephala has a significant inhibitory effect on the uterine smooth muscle of rabbits, intestinal rats, rats and mice, Atractylodes macrocephala decoction has a protective effect on mice due to tetroxide-induced liver injury. Ethyl acetate extract of Atractylodes macrocephala, administered in the duodenum of rats, can significantly increase bile secretion. A small amount of volatile oil has a sedative effect. 1, the return to the spleen soup ("Jisheng Fang") treatment of excessive thinking, labor injury to the heart and spleen, dazed and forgetful, palpitations and night sweating, fever and body tiredness, little food and sleeplessness, or women with a weak spleen and weak qi, leakage in the crash. Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria (wood), Astragalus (reeds), longan meat, sour jujube nut (fried shell) 30g, ginseng, wood (no fire) 15g, licorice (roasted) 7.5g, Angelica sinensis, Yuanzhi 3g. on the mastication, each with 12g, 1.5 calendars of water, 5 slices of ginger, 1 jujube, decocted to seven, remove the dregs, served warmly, not detained time. The formula atractylodes assist ginseng to benefit the spleen, for the subject medicine.

2, atractylodes macrocephala (Wai Tai Secret Essentials) for the vomiting of acidic water, the knot gas building heart. Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria, thick Park 2.4g each, orange peel, ginseng 1.8g each, Wicker betel 1.2g, betel nut, rhubarb 3g, Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum 1.2g. Decocted in water, divided into two servings. The formula of Atractylodes macrocephala with Poria and Ginseng treats weakness of spleen and stomach.

3, Atractylodes Macrocephalae and Zhongzhong Tang (Xuanming Lecture) for the treatment of middle cold plagued with acute pain, cold and dampness, vomiting and diarrhea and abdominal pain. Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria, Chen Pi, Ze Xie 15g each, dry ginger, Guan Gui, Huo Xiang 0.3g each, licorice 30g, shrinking sand nut 0.3g. on the end of the white broth into a small amount of honey and mix down. In the formula, atractylodes macrocephala with poria, zedoary to treat spleen deficiency and dampness stagnation. 1, mice intraperitoneal injection of decoction LD50 is 13.3 Shi 0.7g/kg. anesthetized dogs intravenous injection of decoction 0.25g/kg, most of the blood pressure dropped dramatically, the average reduction to the original level of 52.8%, 3 ~ 4 hours did not see the recovery.

2, rats daily instillation of decoction 0.5g/kg, ***1~2 months, did not see any significant toxic reactions. However, after 14 days of administration, there was moderate leukopenia, mainly lymphopenia; 2 months of administration, there was mild anemia, without any changes in brain, myocardium and liver tissue. In some animals, there was mild granular degeneration of individual renal tubular epithelial cells, while the glomeruli did not show any changes.