How to protect yourself against fire accidents?

1, the three basic measures of fire prevention: control of combustible materials, isolation of combustion-inducing materials, elimination of the source of ignition.

Control of combustibles: local exhaust or total ventilation; combustible or non-combustible materials instead of flammable or combustible materials and so on.

Isolation of combustibles: combustible gases, liquids and solids should not be in contact with combustibles such as air, oxygen or other oxidizers.

Elimination of ignition sources: strict control of open flames, electric fires and prevention of static electricity, lightning caused fire.

2, the four basic methods of extinguishing fire: cooling method, asphyxiation method, isolation method, inhibition method.

Cooling method: take measures to reduce the temperature of the burning material to below the ignition point, so that combustion stops.

Asphyxiation: prevent the entry of air to reduce the oxygen concentration, so that the burning material is cut off from oxygen combustion and extinguished.

Isolation method: the use of refractory or non-combustible objects to cover the fire threatened by combustible materials.

Inhibition method: the fire extinguishing agent is involved in the combustion reaction, so that the free radicals generated by the combustion process disappear, and the formation of stabilized molecules or low-activity free radicals, so that the combustion reaction stops.

Expanded

The source of fire is the origin of the fire, but also caused by combustion and explosion of the direct cause of the common sources of ignition are the following:

(1) people's daily ignition of a variety of open flames, is the most common type of ignition, in the use of the fire must be controlled.

(2) enterprises and all walks of life use of electrical equipment, due to overloaded operation, short circuit, poor contact, as well as lightning in nature, static electricity sparks, etc., can make combustible gases, combustible substances burning, in the use of safety and protection must be done.

(3) close to the fireplace or the flue of dry wood, wood, wood, tightly gathered in the high temperature steam pipe on the combustible dust, fiber; high-power bulbs next to the paper, clothing, etc., baking time is too long, will cause combustion.

(4) in the boiling and baking process, due to poor temperature control, or automatic control failure, will catch fire, or even cause a fire.

(5) fried food or other substances, without heat dissipation is piled up, or in the bag, will also gather heat and fire, must pay attention to heat dissipation.

(6) the heat treatment workpiece of the enterprise, stacked on the ground with oil stains, or stacked next to flammable products (such as wood), easy to cause fire, should be stacked in a safe place.

(7) in neither open flame nor heat source conditions, lignite, wet straw, wheat straw, cotton, rapeseed, soybean cake and stained with animal and vegetable oil cotton yarn, gloves, clothes, wood shavings, metal shavings, polishing dust and wiped equipment tarpaulin, etc., piled up together for a long time, the heat itself, when the conditions are available, it may cause spontaneous combustion, it should be diligently dealt with.

(8) different properties of the material meet, sometimes also cause spontaneous combustion. Such as oil and oxygen contact will occur strong chemical reaction, causing combustion.

(9) friction and impact. For example, iron and concrete impact, will cause sparks, meet flammable materials can cause fire.

(10) insulation compression, chemical thermal reaction, can cause heating, so that combustible materials are added to the ignition point.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Self-Protection

Baidu Encyclopedia - Fire