In which dynasty did blue and white porcelain first appear in Zhihu?

Blue and white porcelain was in its infancy in the Tang Dynasty. People can see more than 20 pieces of blue and white porcelain fragments unearthed in Yangzhou in 1970s and 1980s. Blue and white striped replica collected by Fengpingshan Museum; A flower bowl collected by Boston Museum, USA; A fish and algae tank collected by the Copenhagen Museum in Denmark; The stippling tattoo of Mei Duo collected by Nanjing Museum. By studying the embryo, glaze and color of porcelain unearthed in Yangzhou, and analyzing the material and technological conditions of Gongxian kiln in Tang Dynasty, it is preliminarily concluded that the origin of blue and white porcelain in Tang Dynasty is Gongxian kiln in Henan Province. In recent years, a small number of blue-and-white porcelain specimens were unearthed in Gongxian kiln site, which further confirmed that the blue-and-white porcelain of Tang Dynasty originated in Gongxian kiln, Henan province.

From the blue and white porcelain pieces unearthed in Yangzhou, it can be seen that the green material is rich in color, with crystal spots, low in manganese and iron, and contains copper and cobalt, so it should be imported from Central and Western Asia. The fetal quality is coarse and loose, grayish brown and the sintering degree is poor. The bottom glaze is white and yellow, and the enamel is thick. Apply makeup soil between fetal glazes. The types of containers are mainly small pieces, such as complex, bowls, cans and lids. The decorative patterns are all flowers and plants except the fish and algae tanks collected by Copenhagen Museum in Denmark. Among them, flower patterns are divided into two categories. One is typical traditional flowers in China, especially carnations, plum blossoms and other small flowers. The other is the typical Arabic pattern, with geometric figures such as diamond-shaped loose-leaf patterns. From this point of view, combined with the place where blue-and-white porcelain was unearthed in the Tang Dynasty (Yangzhou was an important port in the Tang Dynasty), it can be proved that blue-and-white porcelain in the Tang Dynasty was mainly exported.

Song Qinghua

After the initial stage, the blue and white flowers in the Tang Dynasty did not develop rapidly, but declined. So far, people can only see more than ten pieces of porcelain unearthed from two Taki sites. First, the foundation of Jinsha Tower in Longquan County, Zhejiang Province was excavated in 1957, and * * * blue and white bowls 13 pieces were unearthed. Tower brick has the absolute date of "the second year of Taiping rejuvenating the country" (977) in the Northern Song Dynasty; The other piece is 1970. A piece of blue and white bowl belly was unearthed at the tower foundation of Huancui Building in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province. The monument unearthed in Tataji proves that this tower was built in the first year of Xianchun in the Southern Song Dynasty (1265).

These more than ten pieces of blue and white porcelain of Song Dynasty are all fragments of bowls. Fetal mass

Some are thicker and some are thinner. Decorated with chrysanthemum patterns, circle patterns, chord patterns, line stripes and so on. Blue and white hair color is thicker and darker in the previous place; The latter is lighter. If the hair color is dark, it should be because the transparent glaze of the cover is too thin. Zhejiang province itself is rich in cobalt clay minerals, and these blue and white porcelain should be made of local cobalt materials. They are not directly related to Tang Qinghua.