History of Spinning

China's most primitive textile tool should be spinning brick, it is made of stone or pottery pieces of flat round spinning wheel, there is a short rod in the middle, the use of the inertia of the object rotation, engaged in winding twisted yarn work. From the excavated textiles, it can be inferred that the Spring and Autumn period that there is a spinning wheel. Qin and Han Dynasty, hand-cranked single-spindle spinning wheel has been widely used.

Song dynasty spinning wheel improvement toward a breakthrough in the development of hemp spinning spinning wheel and the emergence of water transport spinning wheel actually has the prototype of small factories. The most important achievements in textile technology, is the yarn Luo Jin forging fabric weaving methods and jacquard process. Cotton weaving industry is also gradually developed.

At the same time, due to the cotton fabrics in the Southern Song Dynasty jumped to the mainstream of the fabrics, in order to cope with the massive demand, only the development of faster spinning cotton yarn machine can solve the problem. According to the Yuan Tao Zongyi & lt; decorated plowing record & gt; records, Song Jiang, a place although the cotton planting, but because there is no treadmill, bow, can only be used with a string and bamboo arc spinning, very low efficiency.

The Yuan Dynasty, Yuanzhen years, exiled to the end of the state of Huang Daobao returned to his hometown, was engaged in textile women's hard work, so its contribution to the contribution of learning to improve the old textile machinery into a set of rod, playing, spinning, weaving production tools. In addition, she also created the three-spindle pedal spinning wheel, which could spin three yarns at the same time. Three spinning wheels at the time is a very remarkable invention, in the machine spinning wheel appeared before, even to find a can spin two yarns at the same time people are very difficult, three spinning wheels not only improve the efficiency of the work, but also let the output increase, and this is far more than the European "Jenny machine" five hundred years earlier it.

The emergence of the multi-spindle spinning wheel in the Qing Dynasty pushed the development of handmade textile machines to their peak, and for the handmade spinning industry, the multi-spindle spinning wheel was the most complete and fastest spinning wheel to improve efficiency. It was not until the Industrial Revolution, when the market grew rapidly and the need for speed of production increased, that new spinning technology emerged. In the forty years from 1738 to 1779 CE, spinning was transformed from a handmade production to a huge industrial manufacturing.

L. Paul's invention of the roller spinning method in 1737 CE was the forerunner of many later inventions.

In 1764 A.D., J. Hargreaves invented the spinning Jenny, a machine that could operate sixteen spindles at once and multiple yarns in a set sequence. Subsequently, other power sources were introduced to the spinning machine.

R. Arfwright invented the water-powered spinning machine in 1769, with the help of a clockmaker who improved the old spinning wheel. The earliest water-powered spinning machine used horse power to drive, and later to invoke water power. The use of water power to operate the machine, in the history of the textile industry has a very important significance, that is, before the use of hand-operated machines, textile workers can operate the machine at home, but once the use of power, the workers will not be able to leave the source of power, and is therefore regarded as the beginning of the factory system. The first factories in history were established to make textiles.

In 1779 A.D., Crompton (S. Crompton) combined the advantages of the Jenny spinning machine and the water-powered spinning machine, and developed the walking spindle spinning machine (spinning Mule), which could spin fine and strong yarn, and at the same time, combined with the invention of the gin and the use of steam-powered machines of E. Whitney (E. Whitney), the separation of the cotton and the cotton seed to the spinning of yarn, was completely replaced by machines. Completely changed to the machine instead of work, previously engaged in this time-consuming work (separation of cotton and cotton seeds) workers, they can be used to engage in other fields of labor, accelerating the pace of textile industrialization. Because it could come by machine. The United States is because of the walking spindle spinning machine and the use of cotton gin, and make it become an important country of raw cotton exports