What are the raw materials of the anode and cathode of the battery now?

The positive electrode (cathode) is lithium cobalt oxide and many additives, which are coated on aluminum foil.

Lithium cobaltate is the main part, which is used to produce the chemical reaction of charge and discharge (and graphite reaction, which will be discussed below).

The purpose of adding ingredients is to improve the performance of the battery, such as reducing internal resistance, increasing capacity and improving anti-collision, explosion-proof and fire-proof performance. In particular, flame retardant materials are added.

The negative electrode (anode) is graphite (nano carbon powder) coated on copper foil.

The reaction equation is:

The reaction on the positive electrode is as follows

LiCoO2= charging =Li 1-xCoO2+Xli++Xe (electron)

The reaction on the negative electrode is as follows

6C+XLi++Xe=====LixC6

How's it going? Is it professional enough?

Attached:

Qualified lithium-ion batteries should meet the following conditions in terms of safety performance:

(1) short circuit: no fire, no explosion.

(2) Overcharge: no fire or explosion.

(3) Hot box test: no fire or explosion (150℃ constant temperature 10 minute)

(4) Acupuncture: no explosion (pierce the battery with a 3mm nail)

(5) Flat impact: no fire, no explosion (10kg weight hits the battery from 1M).

(6) Incineration: no explosion (gas flame barbecue battery)

So up to now, due to the improvement of technology, qualified lithium batteries have been very safe.

If you have any questions about other lithium batteries, please leave a message on my blog. I am an engineer in lithium battery manufacturing.