What are the traditional Chinese cultures? Tell us about one, in detail.

Basic characteristics of paper-cutting

The reason why folk paper-cutting has been able to go through a long historical evolution in China without losing its pure and fresh qualities has a close relationship with the solid social and cultural structure of rural China. Its own existence in the process of mutual contradiction, but also the unity of the different characteristics, determines its natural choice for the continuous change side, thus with the court art, literati art to pull away from the distance.

1. The unity of dependence and independence

Folk paper-cutting is an indispensable artistic activity attached to folk customs. Its existence, it must be attached to the specific cultural background and living environment of the folk. There are white things at home, the windows can not be posted red hot; dolls do not get sick, grandmothers are not willing to cut a string of hanging souls of the little people; used to set up gifts, depending on whether it is a wedding, funeral or birthday; an old couple's house if a pair of sitting tents attached to a pair of wedding flowers, it is certainly young people's play; a long drought, if the cut is not a rainy "one woman pounding mallet When there is no rain for a long time, if the one who cuts the flowers is not the "one woman pounding the mallet" but the "woman sweeping the sky", then I don't know how many people will curse her. This kind of existence by the purpose of the role of the constraints of the dependent characteristics, expressed in the composition of specific works on the treatment, that is, the decorative characteristics of the work. Such as hanging door paper, bowl shelf clouds and so on, must be connected to the line; pasted on the window is required to fit with the windowpane, and more hollow, otherwise the light is just a large piece of paper; pasted as a bed around the, it is best to cut fewer fragmentary pattern, otherwise it is easy to damage over time.

Many limitations, but also the formation of the unique language of art. Folk paper-cutting in the fulfillment of certain folkloric role, but also extremely show their own existence in the process of independence ---- that is, the characteristics of beauty. A paper cutting, no matter what occasion it is used for, the author in the process of creation must be injected with their own aesthetic feelings. As long as people to the standard of beauty affirmed it, it also has the existence of the aesthetic value. Of course, the independence of folk paper-cutting as an art form, the qualification of folklore is not to leave, but to fully harness the folk form of arbitrary. Thus. The value of its existence also exceeds the purpose of the behavior of accompanying folklore.

This artistic independence is becoming more and more obvious with the social change and the gradual disappearance of the old folklore.

2. The unity of collectivity and individuality

In an absolute sense, no artistic creation can simply be regarded as a purely personal product. The social attributes of human beings make it inevitable to reflect the artistic interests of a certain class. Individuality, on the other hand, is simply a play on the collective, or traditional, basis.

The collective character of folk paper-cutting is evident in the final attribution of its works. The work is no longer the private property of the individual author, but belongs to the whole society and the collective. Therefore, its final appearance, must be a direct concentration of the wisdom of the masses, the integration of hundreds of people's artistic talent and aesthetic preferences of the product. In particular, some of the works that have been passed down through the ages and solidified in a state of solidification, is after many generations of repeated carving and modification of the basic stereotypes, and is universally recognized, circulated and preserved. For example, the prototypes of "Cart and Horse Picture" and "Weaving Picture" can no longer be scrutinized in detail. There are similar works circulating all over the world, and their appearance is very different, so it is difficult to say which work is entirely the creation of a particular author. An important reason for the formation of collectivity, then, should be the anonymous phenomenon of folk paper-cutting. Folk art is different from the creations of professional artists in that the works are neither labeled with the author's name nor with individual copyrights. Good works of art are circulated around the world, and once they are spread, they become the source of a large number of copies and variations, and the authors are integrated into the concept of "laborers" as a group.

It is true that this kind of laborer's art without personal gain is indeed based on the solid collective consciousness of folk culture, but this is not enough to negate the artistic individuality of folk paper-cutting artists. Just as professional artists strive for artistic self-expression, but will not lose their place in society and history, folk paper-cutting in the expression of the collective psychological consciousness of the nation at the same time, of course, will not be without the self in art. If the embodiment of the personality of the literati artists is "ego deliberately seeking" big I "position, then, the embodiment of the personality of the folk paper-cutting artists, is to be in the" big I "in the small I The natural flow of the "big I". Not to mention the East and West, North and South of the region's artistic style and characteristics, even if the same area of different authors of the works, but also clearly has its own obvious personality. If you walk around with contempt, it is difficult to see through.

Taking the skillful hands of Zhang Linzhao and Wang Lanbian in northern Shaanxi as an example, the two of them are only a hundred miles away from each other, their ages are similar, and their customs are basically the same. Zhang Linzhao childhood home affluent, like to watch the theater and listen to books, trained by the feudal middle class etiquette. But a life of trials and tribulations, three times lost husband, four times married, had 13 children all died. As a result, her external character was melancholic, withdrawn, and not good at talking, and she had many idealistic thoughts about life. She created her works so that she could "forget the messy things" and was seldom disturbed by others. This shows the contradiction between his inner pain and his hidden character. In the process of creation, she is anxious to achieve psychological balance through the release of emotions. Wang Lanshian, she feels that "people should be busy and active in order to be alive." She does not have high expectations of life and the world, but values her own contribution to society, and belongs to the category of "those who are contented are always happy". Her partner, Li Xin'an, was instrumental in introducing apples to the plateau of northern Shaanxi, but she has never expected to be rewarded. As a result, her character is cheerful and lively, straightforward and open-minded, self-confident and strong, capricious and active, but also tends to be unpretentious and throws things around. She cut flowers because "people let me cut, that is, I cut well, is to raise me. I'm not very good at anything else, but I can cut flowers, and I feel good when I do it." It can be seen that their inner world has a tendency to emphasize self-worth. In their works, there are clear shadows of their personal images and hearts, which can be called "paintings are like their own people". The existence of this personality, not only in line with the collective characteristics of the region's cultural traditions, but also does not hide the author's spiritual world, and the literati art, court art personality expression of stammering and moaning in stark contrast.

For a long time, folk paper-cutting has been regarded as repetitive labor or a copy of traditional patterns, ignoring the individuality of the laborer-artist's creativity, which is an injustice of history.

Is that detailed enough yet...